Narrative Construction Theory of the SelfNarrative Construction Theory of the Self Mamoru FUNATSU +...

Post on 04-Jun-2020

14 views 0 download

Transcript of Narrative Construction Theory of the SelfNarrative Construction Theory of the Self Mamoru FUNATSU +...

������������ ���

Narrative Construction Theory of the Self

� � �Mamoru FUNATSU

� +� ��������

��� �������� !"� �#$��%�&'(�����)*(+,-.�/0"

123456, 7����������8 39:);<"!,= >?�����3�����@A

BC0DE�) �#$�@A.F"� �#$��%�/,�����)GH"12345

6,.!IJKBC,= �#$��%�/,��������� ��L+M.!I-.

B� 7��������� �������8 .ENO6"!,=

-� 7����������8 P +32*QRST'(UV�40"WDXY2K�Z.[BC,=

\6P 7]^_����8 )`ab,cBdeF"W"!, LAnderson and Goolishian, +322,

Zimmerman and Dickerson, +33.M= S�f �g�(�/6O� 7]^_����8 P�����

hi�� j'(�����BCk� F'E� C('H<lm56DnopBE0"123qr6,

E�BC, LMcNamee and Gergen, +33,M= -6�sF"� 7����������8 � !"P�

�����. �#$��tuPsvBCk� F'E� �#$�3*,�����3wx5

6"!,= \F"� �#$��%�*,�����3'6�%�CkJ)yz,/I�4,=

������y{�/0"���y{3456,�3 7����������8 BC,=

|D� }~A������ !"E� +32*QR��T� K�J����3��)������

/0"��� �56,E�.F"�z,�W�.��F"!,LGergen and Gergen,

+32-M= '6�/,.� Z.P��)���*,-.�/0"��)�,/I�4,= �����P

����*kBCk� ��_���.�t�)UF"!,= \F"� ������y{3���y

{)ED(b= \-� 7������/,�#��������� ��8 3456,=

�����P��3��)��b,-.�/0"�p�56,= ����)GH"�����3

��56,= �����P��3������� ¡¢)£¤F� ¥¦b,JKBC,= \F"�

������������ ���§�� �

75

��������� ��� ������� ��������� ������������

� �!� "�#$%&'���� ()*+��,���-.����)"� /�0Gergen, +32.1�

��� 234��5���"� +33*��67� D�R�89:;������<23=

��>?�"�$�� �������@<A����� B:CDEF GH��I /�89

:;�J�$� ����� �����K��L���M /N� ����H� /�� �

�OP� ��� �������$������� $NQ.� RS�T�U=V��� �W

���X)�Y �Z�!�� ��� ������J[23=�\]��� �����

()����J^����

89:;�J�_� ������I�`a[����bcdefgBh: /� 0Maines,

+33- : -,1� ��������� �I /��i��M����>? /�� �������

� �����j �$�^JN"kl��&' /�� ()� ��������mngo

pgF$�q��� r23�s��.�tu$� �!�<���/�"#��v�w$��8

xe;oy 0Maines and Bridger, +33, : -0-1 $�[���

89:;234<r�����234y$zv� 234Ir�n9{gy /�|}$O%�

��0Maines, +33- : ,,1����a�~&��'�������<()$��*+,��-��

�� �()�r9:���y����,�������/N.<�#���N��������

�O#$23=$��/<�0��� 0Maines and Bridger, +33,, Maines, +33-, Maines,

+333, Evans and Maines, +33/1�

()��1 24��5���"� A�F�9:�:% A�W�m�:F�� r3�y ��.�

�������),4��K�()���� 0Kleinman, +322, Frank, +33-, Frank, +33/1� F

�9:�:�J�$� F�9�:� r3�y �tu���<�����$���,�� r3�y

������$� r3�y �K�F�9�:���N� ()�N5,��gDg /��

r3�y �K����$�J[� r3�<7���(�(��6T%tu%��������

78��� �$K�($(N<"KJ^���y 0Kleinman, +322,9 /0:1� r3�y �����

�RS��#�tu<;���� ()tu<X�!HN�,� ��a�� r�������9�

��8���:y �&Q��J^��[�� 0Greenhalgh and Hurwitz, +32210,1�

� �¡� �(�(��5��������¢��£�¤�[}��� �����¢�<

=������� ��>¥� ��¦%23�¦�����,��§O@� �¨4O@� ��

©O@�?}�@W,��$$A}!�ª����

��«g���� ¬��ª�B­$CD�EF�®G<=¯, r§¨4y ���«g�F

�9�:��j°%H±°<I²�� F�9�:�*³�J��� �!� ��«�����<

´.��µ�K.��$�^JK����) 0Gergen and Kaye, +33,1� ¶6���«����

�� �&?< r·¸g�My $�Lv� �*#<q¹������� º.³�@W$�

PM�})�

NOA4234P»� Q .*--¼ ( ,**,�& )

76

��� ��������� � ���������������� ����������

� �� !"#$%&'�(�)��*+($��,-".��/ ��0 12)��3456

7�89�:6";<� ��=>��?���@A"�B(C�DE�E��� AF�G"�H

CIE-�JEK3��� ��0 ��LM� AN"�+� O�� JP�QD �� AF" �

R�"J���S��TU3��V�0

WXYZ[�QD �� U\�$"���E�� �]��3 ^%&�1]_ �"�<C�`�

����V� aGergen, +32/b0 AF�c�E�de��3-� fg�"6SHC#$���de�

��0 AF"1]�c����3-� 67���H� hijkYZYZ�67"l����0 !E

�� WXYZ[�c��3@A"�m��3-� fgn"oH���p'�� ����m���0

WXYZ[�qkrsXtuvk�fg�"6SH�����3 �� "���0 WX

YZ[�hwxyz��@A��"�{�|� fg�"6SHCQD}�67���3���

�0

��LM� WXYZ[�qkrsXtuvk�"���~��E������� asocial con-

structionismb ��� ���� aGergen, +32/ : ,1*, Doan, +332 : -2+b0 ��������8�3

)���" ������C��E�V��{�E���C�K��� aMcNamee and

Gergen, +33, : /� � ,,�b0 !E�� AN"���+�������LM���� �oT���

� �����}�0 �E�\��"�����}�3L�� \��hijkYZYZ"��C�

�� 3��C�-��3���K�"���0

WXYZ[�qkrsXtuvk���� ������qkrsXts �� �HS��

oT�����qkrsXts ��� �� M� ���WXYZ[T��qkrsX

ts ����� ��0 !E�� AFC�����3-���� �G�de�E��K� !"A

F"1]"WXYZ[�qkrsXtuvk"�HCJ�}���3� a ¡¢ ,**+b0

£ ,¤ 1]�WXYZ[

AF"1]��ML¥¦deE����e��3-� "§��E�O�¨�� JPC�UA

FT��qkrsXts �� "���0 !E�� 1]�c�E�de}�"��3-� fg

�"6SH�����qkrsXts ��0 �HS�� !��fg�"uk©ªC���

}�:«¬�­®����/ ��-�0 ��C¯��"1°��� ^1 ��±L_ C²�

³���3�0 E����� fg�"q´µ¶·yuvk�1MC²�=��3�0 AF���C

¸¥�fg/��� !�T��1°/�U��3H� ���¹E�1°C��/}TU

3�0 1]����� �o�qkrsXts �� a ¡¢ ,***b0

!E�� 1]�1°Co���T��º¨-M���-0 1]�1°$��"WXYZ[�

1]"WXYZ[�qkrsXtuvk�» ¡ ¼

77

������ ���� �� ������������� ������ �������

���� ����� !� ����������"���� ������ � ���

�������� �#$��%�&'� (Bruner, +33*, Nightingale and Cromby, +333)� �*

���+� ,-� .-/01 ����23���45� -�/�6��-�/�7��� 2

3��456�8�9: (�*; ,**,, -2)� ���� ,�/�6������<�=>�/0�

�?�����<��/0� �@�!A0�0��&� .-1 BC���� �D��� 23�

��45: (�*; ,**,, .2) 6��8��

!� H�E�FGH�?����� ,I�����J ����K ���/�ELM���

���8N&� ���� ������OP�� .-1 �Q��R��S: (Anderson and Goolish-

ian, +33,,� 0/) �4�� ���� ,����T�U0VW!�/�8X�YZB� [I�\]�

^�� � 0��_�: (Anderson and Goolishian, +33,, � 00) �@�8��

� �����8��/�4@�0T� `��8^���a�Db<��cd�8�T�&'�

(Snow and Bedford, +33,)� � ���� ,�Y�ceR�� f���!gh�^��`ij��

_�5��: (�*; ,**,, ,-)� Ik�-�\]�l?N��cd���6�8���/�6�

B&P84� ���cd�\]����m����n�� ^���j�o��<� (White, +33/,

� +2)� �!B��� � �����R�p FLq !�r��R�s��8�T�&'��

6��@8� ����� -t��uB'� (Maines and Bridger, +33, : -0/, Maines, +33- :

,+, Maines and Ulmer, +33- : ++,)� +�vw�4@�u&'�� � ����vw�t4��/

0&'0� �6�x4�vwBysb��� z{����|�x4�!����6��8�(-)� ,

�� � �����}~�� (��P)� "#� $�I��4@��G"G�uB%|��4�� �

� 8�&�Bt8������� l?N��'���N@�/�8��4��

��� -�� � ����x4��� �&�B�k��a�E������ vw� �|� (&

Bt8������ ���#$���ysb���4�� � �����k��)<��&��k

�����*<�T�&'� (Gergen and Gergen, +32- : ,//)� �6�x4��#G����B%

|�� ��B� �����GFG�D�5�6��8��

� ����+���,-� V�� ���.�B'0� �6&��/� ��� ������� �

�¡� ,�¢�£¤G: BOd����� ���� � ������¥M��� ���� ~¦�

��� ���� � �M��� ���� EL~¤G (�§LE)�� ���8¨�§L}B%

|��4� (Gergen and Gergen, +32-, Gergen and Gergen, +322, Murray, +323)�

���� I©�\]�`��ª«����� �����!B��sb���� ª«�����

������ ¬�B-���� <���­�8��Gq®G��8�T�&'�� ª«��

��� ���� ,/0: �0P� 1��S� !2��� ¯°v3���S�T��8��4��

±j�OP1��<��|�ª«����� ������� ,#�M� �/:B%|��4�

(Maines, +330)� ±j��P4j��J4� ²�³5�� ´¨T�µ¶� ²��K·�¸4� ²6�

789¹ºJ¹:»� .*--¼ ( ,**,;< )

78

��� ��������� ���������

��� ����������������� !� "�#$%&'()� *+,&+-�+.

��/�&0&1 2�� 3Maines, +3334� 567� $8/��$&��+9&�# *+,&+-�

+.�1 7"��:��;<��� *'&='�>'/='��1 3Ku Klux Klan4 2?&�&�

��� @67+.�����#AB��CDE!F�� 567"��GC� � "�HG#

�I�JC�E��K#L#���� 5#MN �7"�#O��#P9QRS�CTU�V�

���� �� ��@WX!���

V#�����7)Y0Z�F[�"����#\�]^�_�#`��2ab�V�C�

!�� 3Maines, +333 : -+14� Bc 3"� 00�� �� ,//�4 �� !�d �;e�f��� V

#$%&'()C"�#/*�2���V�2��2� ��#30�2���V�2W@X�� 56C��

#/1�2 *ghW�1 ��E�#�� !� "�#1-�2 *gh�1 � !��� ��� V#V�Ci#

j��� �#7��# -2�� "�# 13���X�� 5 !� V#f WV�2 *kV�5 l1 �

"�# 10�2�E�#�� !��� 2+�7 *kV�5 LW�1 ��E!�� 3Maines, +3334�

V#f W�����2�m#no�� !� n�2 *p���� p���qr@1 �s�!#

t�C�u�f �W�� G�A�$8S��f6v� *������w#x�7no�s�!#

ny#z��F[�0)0��#{|C}~�#�r�K!��W�����1 3Fine, ,**+ :

-2/4� �����C�h!no2��/��'��6�� no7��������/��'��6

�V��W��

-� �����#!��no#!�

������� �"�7 *#�1 � *��1 �� ,s#�$2��6!��� ��7�6

���#�%&��C� � ��7i��� ! *��1 �� U�C� !��� �����7

*��1 U�� !� i��#����CU L#���� �����7'W�(���7W�� i

���@X!#�����&���� !<�&��U�6�V��W��

i��7 *n�2p���@1 �s�!����C !�6�j�C� !��� 5 !� i�

7�����#'W��[����v@�@� �����#������� &W¡���W

�� �����7� ���r��#\#�����f�¢£&U����� ny�i�7���

���£�� ¤¥�¦&���C�h!� �����C§) !��¨©!��f �W�� V#

§)U��F�!� �m#no2��/��'��6� ��0��/��'��6�V��W��

�����7ª !«* �L#�7W�� !A�!�2W�6�¬S��>'WG­C+®!

��� �����#,¯°-�F�!� -±²�.� ��/³�� 01&´µ2ch�¶£� �

��7�c#2·3��� *¦¸$8�&1 �� �4�7� �m�F�!ny�¹2W�6� ´

no#��������/��'���5º»6 ¼

79

�������� ��� ����� �������� �� ��������� �!

�����"�#$% ��&'%(�!

)*+�����",-$�./�01�������23�456071�81���! ./

�01������")9+:;<= ��� >?%(@ )*+)9ABCD�>?%(�!

E�FG )*+HI�J��K5"L� �43@ JM�NL� �43@ J�=OP3@

D�M=�2Q2Q9R�! )*+HI"./�01������=ST2 ./�01���

���+UV�W@X�� JM��YZ��52L�[\G(�].^!

JM% )*+HI�./�01������+_`������=25ab���� ��

���J�cd������e��9R�! �����"f6071�81�� JM�g�hi

���`�������9jk������ �! g�hi���`������="l�Fm@

nG�o=p+>?q %(�� J�"L�2r nsLt?��5s s>?q �u� � s!

nsLt?��5s s>?q ="./�01������%"?@v s)*+HI%(@

g�hi���`���������D�M=��45wx5 ������yz�8 HI%(

�! g�hi���`������"c{+l�%?� n|2s>?q %(@ J+ n|2s>?q

A?�M=��45 )*+c}��~@����� �!

8���01�./�01������%"c}����Lr �� s=<� J�A��2

�25srM=� n����������q %(�! n����������q %"g�hi���

`������A9jkDM=��45����~��! 8���01�ms5 c{+HI�.

/�01�������"N���� J��\�2 s[\" c{A�x c{+'���2

5�s���A�MD��� �! g�hi���`������" n���@���5���

r��>?q �� n�+�A��@ J�=��>?q = @ J�A�R5 n���@��

��tE+�E sc{q �� n�=��������(�c{q A9jkD��� �G+%

(� ]��� ,**,, 2,�^!

n����������q �ms5" nsLt?��5s s>?q A�x5 � ���! J

25 8���01+�¡� nsLc{�9<5s�>?="¢ �|3 >?q pL@ g�h

i���`�������9jk������ �! g�hi���`������A?�M=A

�R5 8���01"c}Af6071�81%<�M=� �!

n����������q "���71=8���01�£¤25�����A6071�81

25srM=�¥$= �! JM%"�¦+ �§¨��� no=" + �%©ª2 �«

2¬E�>?$­�®0����+¯�°Am< L3 J�A±459<�q ]Anderson and

Goolishian, +33,,² 0/�^��� �! 8���01+c³"?@�DM=��45f6071�

81���M=� �! �����+����45c³+��� ���+� n��������

��q %(�!

g�hi���`�����������+[�ms59jk���3x�" ���71�m

´§µ¶ µ·¸� ¹ .*--º ( ,**,»¼ )

80

�� ���� �not-knowing� ������ �� ���� ���� ������ ������

�� ��������� !"#$�%&$�'(�'������� )*�+,-�.�

'��/�����

012)� 3&456�789:;�1< =���>�?@��< ��1A� ���� ��

�B&C#!6�D�?E�� 3&456�B&C#!6FG�HI'J���K?L�M� B

&C#!6�N�'O?PQ� ��� ���'J��RA�S������@?L)�T'B&C

#!6'UV�����W� �Anderson and Goolishian, +33,, � 01�� ?��X�'1��

YZ�� ���� ��� � [���\]Z�\^'X��_]� ��A��?��0�� J

[S�3&456�`a������b��c=56$d$?��ef�g����1A� ��[

hi� ��1�� jk?����A��'1�� 3&4$'lQ��\�������3&45

6�B&C#!6��mno��Ep�1��

��X�13&4$'X��B&C#!6� '!qF��A�� 3&4$'lQ�!q��

D�?"��]Z�r&stuvw� �������D�xy'J �� ��[hi� ��

1�� ]Z�r&stuF�z� �� ��[hi� ��1�� r&stu?i������ ]

Z� �3;{�r&stu� F�z� � ]Z� �|}� ~!56&B6� �A�X�'1

� �#�� ,**,, +*/��� r&stu|}'!q?���0��� ���jk?Y [����1

�~!s�56'.��Q�������

� [���%r!6�r&stu���z��1����8$B1jkKz� � Y�$�

'���]Z���%�� �� Y ���'� �%r!6�r&stu�K&Z�1� � ��

G&� ��'(� �Sz� �� ��G&0� ��� �3&456��1�����'�Z

�� iS���Z&Z� �)Z&0� �Anderson and Goolishian, +33,,� 2.�� ������/��

3&4$'lQ�D���� ��Z� ��[hi� ��1�� r&stu?���g����

�����D���*� �]Z�r&stu��+�F��Y���|,|��]�1d:dst

F�z� �A�� |���]�1���Y '���A]�1���� ��lXe�D��

�-�!q�Z�jk� ���'1� �Anderson and Goolishian, +33,, � 01���

YZ�� r&stu�d~!56&B ¡!� ���?]�'$��QZ� ���jk=.�=

¢<'£��� XS¤¥¦.�� XS/§1]Z�Ep�~$5?§S�A� �Gergen and Kaye,

+33, : +1/. � ,**�� X�'1�� ¨$;©rstª�r&stu���%r!6�r&stu�

�F�z� � �]Z�r&stu� �������

r&stu�!0�|��jk�%r!6�r&stu'1/£�1S� Y �«¬�Z[

�� �2­� � 2�®¯� [�� �#4{°8$�� ���� �56&±;� �Fine, ,**+� 'l�

�E2 �� ²���D�xz��%r!6�r&stu��� � !³¬&3i� ��|�?�

[Ai 1A1�� 4y�� �3&456�´µ'¶���'X��·$?5´0� ����%r

!6�r&stu��� �|��4�?X�3i'¸��� Y�-'3i�¹¤?K�zZ� Y�¹

|}�r&stu�~!56&B ¡!6º»7 ¼

81

����������� ��� ���������������������������

��! "� �#$%�����!��&� 'Frank, +33-, Frank, +33/, � 3/�()

*+�,-�./012�34������5��& 6��7�! "��89�:"#

�) *+5;�!���<�0�=> �� ?@�AB��� CD��5�EB�F� GH

�I��A6J� KL��5M�� ����NO�P"#��Q:�) ,*�RSTUV0*

+�,-�12�34������5 W�E�� W�X�� W���� WY9�� WM��� W�Z� �!

"[\�:"#�)

:��"� ��������������5*+B���CDF]� W^_`ab��

cde3f� ��N�� Wge����cde3f� � �!��-� ���& "#�) *

+5!"�h�:&#� bi_j��&#k�l$� $%�Am-� �Bn�F]�) $o

pq>GH� &r�c3esd� '+�(t��,uv� Q?w?&k)�x;� '+�*9

@v� +G-�yz�{|�A�!��&�) ?@� *+5'+0�,�Y9��"N� }-

0~.F5&�� ~.�$�0z.�! "� /&��������&v� �@&N0�0�-�

WS_����cde3f� B1�Q:�!��&� 'Gergen and Gergen, ,***, Gergen and

Gergen, ,**-, 23� ,**-()

Wd3`a4� �,-�./012�34��������#"5� Wd3`a4� 54�KL�

� "5XF]���� 4�06��5./&#� ./"N?:F]v� 7�8���:�

9-F]��Q:"#�) �"� �:;��<5��N�X�=6�N0F5&�� =6��

"N>;0����:�� �"#� 'Evans and Maines, +33/ : -*0()

012�34�������N�8#"� Wd3`a4� 0?X+5�#������� �#0

5$�F]��"� ��5$��]��$��@#��� �:��@-��- ��}-�c�

����A� ��&�) �0��� WB�N�N,Q&#� ��� W��� @�� �:5$�

0��F]�� ���# ¡!��&� 'Epston, White and Murray, +33,, � +.2�()

0!�&�����56���C¢��u@ " '+3,*DE�� 1/D?F(./"#@)

�� W$��&#B£�-�a4�U��'+���F�=6�:��0G�#¤� ���#

�:"¤@>;B� �:�5H��� N$��5$�0a4�U��¥¤I-¦§B]� ��

E8¤� �0¦§�¨vJ� ©$�0a4�U����ªK« �$@�� ¬���#�LPBM>

�� �­£��� 'Epston, White and Murray, +33,, � +.3�()

®¯��#"� 0!�&�����0°�±d²�jb4B#�"#�) �#������

�#"5� Wd3`a4� 5ª�,³�N�´µ­ WKL��#� F]v� ¶�OP�� v� Q�

��R�HSF]��Q:� �:5T�#�DC+�!���N0;�·¨F]��¸�Q:"¤

"#� 'Evans and Maines, +33/ : -*2() �:�! "� ?X+��#"�#$%B¹3a4�

_4Q:�!��&� 'Sheinberg, True and Fraenkel, +33.() �"� �������0LU5

$%0U¹3a4�_js3��N�'+0U¹3a4�_js3�º¤� Q»� ��&�)

VWXpKLpYRZ [ .*--¼ ( ,**,D- )

82

� .� ��������� ����������

��������� ����������� ���� ������ !" #$%� ����

�&'(�)����*+,-./�!01%2(3�4�(5 67����8�9:;<=,>

'?!" @�,ABC���,DEF�GH#$�IJK7(%B1���LMN" ���O

PN,QR9�S-!01%2(3�%TUFB( VGergen and Gergen, +32. : +2.W5

�G,���%!F#$��(X%�0UF��,Y(01�T(�H" ����0(

����� ������4��" 67,���2(�H��������� ������

�4�(5 6X�&BF" ����(X%�0UF�� ����K7" ��Z2X%�0UF[

�� ����K7" 6X/.\!B�G]^H3C.K7(X%HS-K7(01�T(5

�����_�`<� &BF�" ��:a���b�c/.���,�.dFe�,f

B" ��:a���bH ���Z2X%� 4��HghK7(%2(5 ���Z2X%� %�" ij

�kl��������m!Fn<op��q����%!F\!B���,rs

2(X%4��" 6�X%�0UF\!B�G]^t���r]H3C.K7(01�T(5 ��

��gh,DEF���ghHuv%K7(X%H �����_�`<� 4�( Vwxy

/z +333, {|z ,**+W5

��������� �����������OPN�L!F}9~�" ���9�S/.

�9S-���" ���QR9���,������ ������%!F��(5 6!F"

���g��gh,kl�������/.n<op��q���������&BF

�S!" 67�0UF" �)�0(����� ��������,QR9�-./�!01%!

FB(5

'7�3�C" ��������� ��������&BF�" ����ghH��

01T�4TK7(�/" J��4�%X�" ��-./�K7FBTB5 ���,g�7�

��Hg�(%BUF3" �1B1�4����ghHTK7(�/" �����gh�

�� ��BF�!BS-HT&TK7FBTB5

�����_�`<� �&BF" ��:a��H���,�7���Hg�(�/" �(

B�" ��Zd���Hg�(�/" 67%3" _�` �H���,g�KdF��:a�

����,ghKd(�/" T&�B�B4�(5

_�`<���4" ��:a��� ���� H���TK7(%BUF3" ������:a�

����� ¡H¢d£¤.7C ���� HTK7(�2¥TB5 6!F" ¦§��¨" kl��

������©ª§«¬2(01�TUF!�UFB(5 �C" _�`<�&BF" ���

, ���Z2� ­R�®¯!3��:a��4�TB5 6X4�_�` �H ���ZKd(�

�4�UF" ��:a���_�` ��°R%TUF!�UFB(5 ���" 6��¨" ��(�

­R�b�S±t�²H��%K7FBTB5 6�³´" ��:a���µb9:;¶=H·¸�

��������� �������¹º» ¼

83

����������

�� ���� ��������� ��� ���� ������ !�"#����

�$�� ���%&�'()*+,��� "#���� -#.'� ������)

*+,����/0 �� ����)*+,�1��� ���2�3��2� 1�)

*+,'�����24�5������ ���'6�78)*+9�)*+,�:;<�

��$�-#=�>���

1?���$@A� ������ ���BC>#����� DE�FG���HIJKAL�

>#/ ��M� �N;OA� P�QR�4�5�S������?� 1��� TUA'� )*+

,�����������VW�X3Y�$>� 6�78)*+9�)*+,���

��������Z[�\]^��^_� U��`ab� cdb e�����"#�-

#=�>���

�/� %f�)*+,�e����^_�� ����� %f�)*+, U��e��

���"#��"#�)*+,��g�4� U��%f'�g>#��"#�����$��

)*+,�CAhi=%f���j�� �k��Bl?$� )*+,����e�7%f�

��3YA� )*+,��g#=%f5�k����m �?4�53!��� )*+, U

�e����^_��no%& U�%f�pqbe����^_���r�'st����

)*+,�e����^_��3�)*+,�; U�%f�e����^_�5�u

�"#� )*+,�sn�!�vw �)*+,xypz� ����������� 143�)

*+,B-5�u�����A� )*+,{M�'�� �Ak-� 1#>�|��3Y�}

�~�5��"#� no��b���5��"#��������

14 ����� )*+,��� �C>#�� %f � �� )*+,� �C�� pq%&

���J��5�u�"#����� %f�)*+, ���� ����*+*+��e�7�

)*+,�w�4� U��� p�b����2���� } � }�� ������� �b�'

������������� 1��� )*+,���be����7�5��"#� %f��

��5��"#� �$'� ��b� �-&b���� 5�¡ ���������� 143��

no%& U�%f�pqbe����^_���r�'��"#�����3Y��

%f�e����^_����%f�cdbe����^_�����>$ w�B-3�

�2� %f�¢/�e����^_����'�u�w !3Y�� 1?����� �-&bn

o����/cd�£5¤¥2>#���?� %f�e����^_��� ���� ¦§b�

pqbno�%f�YA���>$ w�4�5���"#��

%f�pqbe����^_� �no��b~��¨!5©!2ªk����� no��b

~� �p�� } � }�� ��5«�#���� 1��� �b~��4#�3¬­���¢/�

'��:;<w4�53!�� no��b~� ���� ��be®¯G°�^_�� ��5±²

����� ��be®¯G°�^_�� �no³�� �} �Y�^�´7� µsignificant symbol¶

·�©¸cd¸�¹� º .*--» ( ,**,�¼ )

84

��������� � ������������������������� !"#�$

%&�'()*+,-�./�0 1Mead, +3-. : .1. � /+�2� � �������� ��0

"�����3 45����� �6�78,9:;�<�� ��=�3 ���� ��78,9:;

�<�� �>#�$�%� 4?�@0����A/� �B� "�����3 ���� �B

C� D� ��78,9:;�<�� EFG"��%�

��78,9:;�<�� �45�@0� ����H��IJK�� 1self interaction2 �/�

FG3 ���LM��NOPQ /3 R/0 ����# ��S� 1indication2 T��3 �

S�ULM����VOUWV'FX��Y�ZP/�[\/3 +)]^/3 ��/3 _��

/3 ���` �Qa� 1interpretation2 T�OP%��0 1Blumer, +3032�

�Qa� T��@0����LMEbc3 �d3 _ef�3 g"OP3 ����h�ij��k

f/$�$�%� ���l���m����n/3 RU%���o�# �o��np�

1emergent reflexivity2 ����3 qr�stuvwE_ef�3 RU%�h����#"�E

x����

"��$% �o��np� �stuvw� ��y�z{� �0� �|}~�9;� z��@

0��p�#� �o��np� ����RU%stuvwE����3 R/0�hE7�*

�t^���$�%� gE �stuvw��7�*�t^�<����h��7�*�

t^�<�� D�� g"�@0��h�ij�7�*�t^�<�E%�"��%�

���

1+2 7�*�t^�<���B�/�3 ��3 �e�� E������0� /O/3 �h�st

uvw�7�*�t^�<���/� �e�� D�3 45E�h�ij��7�*�t^�#"

�E�0�0��3 ��H���;(E����/�$�

%@3 stuvw��t};�@0�3 ��E3 ��� �D� �e�� �C �ef� ��E�

!�D�C3 �U��3 ��3 "B��0�#m� ��$%B�B��%m�3 ����0

1��� ,**+, 0+�2�

1,2 ����]^IJK�#� K��t�;�stuvw�4?���FXD�C3 ����&D

�C3  8�¡-¢�D��£'/3 �^�,-��*�;�;�(¤�3 stuvw�¥¦�

)§��*/�0 1Plummer, +33/2� GE¨�@0��t�~�©*��;ª«��/�st

uvw�¬+p��0�3(�3 ­,3 ®¯3°®PE&±/�0 1(��°®� +33/, ­,� +331,

®¯� ,***, °®� ,**,2�

1-2 D�Ezzy���3 �h�stuvw�7�*�t^�<�#�8;²�=5l-��h�¥

¦¤.³�/´�µ¶�U·�0¸��1¹# 1Ezzy, +33/ : ,.*2�

�h�stuvw�7�*�t^�<�#º»2 ¼

85

�.� ���������� ����� ���� ������� �������� �

��!�" #$%&!'�()*�+,-.")/012-. 34��56�789: ;<�

=>< � <2�?@A.0.0BC4+D,)/

�/� 44��E�FG���H� D�IJG��KDLAM �3�N+�5OP5Q%&!R

0"*�D0.")STPUVWK 3�N+>X2Y�AKA)LCZ[\]!()/ �3�N

+2^_!�`,�@A.")>aP5Q%&DYbc�d)LCZe\()/ 30. �3�N

+D+-.B0"f$!*1K(gh�i�j,SkB1�G�hlhDm-1n� >

o�5O!YpdqrKA)LCZ�B(4+��) �Epston, White and Murray, +33,,� +00s�/

������

Anderson, H. and H. A. Goolishian, +322, Human Systems as Linguistic Systems, Family Process, ,1 : -1+�-3-.

Anderson, H. and H. A. Goolishian, +33,, The Client is the Expert, in McNamee, S. and K. J. Gergen (eds.),

Therapy as Social Construction, Sage, pp. ,/�-2. t�u� vwx� yz�{I��43|�}��)~�����E�Fh� ����� +331� /3�22s/

� ��� ,**+, �>a��UV�8��� ��p�/Blumer, H., +303, Symbolic Interactionism, Prentice-Hall. ����� ����l�z������ ��p��

+33+/Bruner, J.S., +33*, Acts of Meaning, Harvard University Press. �����W� ������������p�� +333/

Doan, P.E., +332, The King is Dead, Family Process, -1 : -13�-2/.

Epston, D., White, M. and K. Murray, +33,, A Proposal for Re-authoring Therapy, in McNamee, S. and K.

J. Gergen (eds.), Therapy as Social Construction, Sage, pp. 30�++/. t�u� vwx� ypdqr��~�����E�Fh� �����+331�+-3�+2,s/

Evans, W. J. and D.R. Maines, +33/, Narrative Structure and the Analysis of Incest, Symbolic Interaction, +2

: -*-�-,,.

Ezzy, D., +33/, Theorizing Narrative Identity, The Sociological Quarterly, -3 : ,-3�,/,.

Fine, G.A., ,**+, Normative Troubles, Studies in Symbolic Interaction, ,., pp. --�-3.

Frank, A.W., +33-, The Rhetoric of Self-Change, The Sociological Quarterly, -. : -3�/,.

Frank, A.W., +33/, The Wounded Storyteller, The University of Chicago Press.����� �� "1UV�V�[� ¡)¢���,**,/£¤ ¥� ,***, y¦§8>¨��©ª~ �«�¬�¦§�­®�� -2�+�-1�/.s/£¤ ¥� ,**+, y>¨�¯�G��z�°����©ª~ �«�¬�¦§�­®�� -3�-�,1�-1s/£¤ ¥� ,**-, y±�²�>¨~ ³ ´u�£¤ ¥� �I{µ�¶�¦§·��� �x��� �¸/Gergen, K. J., +32., Theory of the Self, Advances in Experimental Social Psychology, +1 : .3�++/.

Gergen, K. J., +32/, The Social Constructionist Movement in Modern Psychology, American Psychologist,

.* : ,00�,1/.

Gergen, K. J., ,**+, Social Construction in Context, Sage.

Gergen, K. J. and M.M. Gergen, +32-, Narratives of the Self, in Sarbin, T.R. and K.E. Scheibe (eds.), Studies

in Social Identity, Praeger, pp. ,/.�,1-.

Gergen, K. J. and M.M. Gergen, +320, Narrative Form and the Construction of Psychological Science, in

Sarbin, T.R. (ed.), Narrative Psychology, Praeger, pp. ,,�...

Gergen, K. J. and M.M. Gergen, +322, Narrative and the Self as Relationship, Advances in Experimental

Social Psychology, ,+ : +1�/0.

Gergen, K. J. and M.M. Gergen, ,***, The New Aging, in K.W. Schaie (ed.), Social Structure and Aging,

«�¬�¦§�­®� ¹ .*--º ( ,**,»¼ )

86

Springer, pp. ,2+�-*0.

Gergen, K. J. and J. Kaye, +33,, Beyond Narrative in the Negotiation of Therapeutic Meaning, in

McNamee, S. and K. J. Gergen (eds.), Therapy as Social Construction, Sage, pp. +00�+2/. ���������� �� ���������� ��� ������� ���� +331 +2-�,+2!"

Gergen, M.M. and K. J. Gergen, +32., The Social Construction of Narrative Accounts, in Gergen, K. J. and

M.M. Gergen (eds.), Historical Social Psychology, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Publishers, pp. +1-�+23.

Gergen, M.M. and K. J. Gergen, ,**-, Positive Aging, in J.F. Gubrium and J.A. Holstein (eds.), Ways of

Aging, Blackwell, pp. ,*-�,,..

Greenhalgh, D. and B. Hurwitz (eds.), +322, Narrative Based Medicine, BMJ Books. #$%�&'� ��� ��()*+�,� *-� ���� ,**+"

./01 ,*** �234 56� 789:� ;<=>8"Kleinman, A., +322, The Illness Narratives, Basic Books. ?�@A&'� �BC756� DEFG +330"HI J ,*** �*K�L4MN789:� ;<=>8"OPQRS +331 �T5UVWXY� :ZFG"O[\]���������� +333 ��� ������7;<� ^_`a8"Maines, D.R., +33-, Narrative’s Moment and Sociology’s Phenomena, The Sociological Quarterly, -. : +1�-2.

Maines, D.R., +330, Gender, Narrative and Problematics of Role, Michigan Sociological Review, +* : 21�+*1.

Maines, D.R., +333, Information Pools and Racialized Narrative Structures, The Sociological Quarterly, .* :

-+1�-,0.

Maines, D.R., ,**+, The Faultline of Consciousness,Aldine de Gruyter.

Maines, D.R. and J.C. Bridger, +33,, Narratives, Community and Land Use Decisions, The Social Science

Journal, ,3 : -0-�-2*.

Maines,D.R. and J.T. Ulmer,+33-, The Relevance of Narrative for Interactionist Thought, Studies in

Symbolic Interaction,+., pp. +*3�+,..

McNamee, S. and K. J. Gergen (eds.), +33,, Therapy as Social Construction, Sage. ���������� ��� ������� ���� +331"

Mead, G.H., +3,,, A Behavioristic Account of the Significant Symbol, Journal of Philosophy, +3 : +/1�+0-.

bc d�ef�X� gh7iWj-k�lmC�7nopqrst� �89r2u� vw8xYy +33+ +/�,2!"

Mead, G.H., +3-., Mind, Self and Society (ed. by C.W. Morris), The University of Chicago Press. z{|}~&'� ����2u�89� ��F� +31-"

Murray, K., +323, The Construction of Identity in the Narratives of Romance and Comedy, in Shotter, J.

and K. J. Gergen (eds.), Texts of Identity, Sage, pp. +10�,*/.

Nightingale, D. J. and J. Cromby (eds.), +333, Social Constructionist Psychology, Open University Presss.

�� ���H x ��� +33/, ��)��*���789:� ���"���� ,**+, ��7�� �� I�}�S� ���pq4��'� ��FG .-�0, !"���� ,**,, �T54��7��� �:F�"Plummer, K., +33/, Telling Sexual Stories, Routledge. �H x&'� ���j ���*����7¡¢� £¤8 +332"

�H x ,**,, �)-¥¦ �789:� §6'FG"Sheinberg, M., F. True and P. Fraenkel, +33., Treating the Sexually Abused Child, Family Process, -- : ,0-

�,10.

Snow, D. and B. Bedford, +33,, Master Frames and Cycles of Protest, in Morris, A.D. and C. MaClurg (eds.),

Frontiers of Social Movement Theory, Yale University Press, pp. +--�+-/.

White, M., +33/, Re-Authoring Lives, Dulwich Centre Publications. O[\]�¨©ª«� �XY7¬­®� ¯�*°��±9 ,***"

White, M. and D. Epston, +33*, Narrative means to therapeutic Ends, W.W. Norton. O[\]� �T54��7²³� ���� +33,"

Zimmerman, J.L. and V.C. Dickerson, +33., Using a Narrative Metaphor, Family Process, -- : ,--�,./.

2u7�� ��´-*���jµ-a¶bc d

87

�Abstract�

Narrative Construction Theory of the Self

Mamoru FUNATSU

It is said that the “narrative turn” has come into the fields of therapy, social

psychology, sociology and medical anthropology. The narrative is a mechanism for

transforming the experiences into meaningful wholes. Human lives are permeated

by narratives. Individuals and their societies are narrated phenomena. The narra-

tive has three elements, i.e., the past, the story and the arrangement of events in a

temporal order.

The narrative construction theory of the self is the anti-modernism, the anti-

scientism and the anti-positivism. It is based on the social constructionism. People

construct the narratives for the self. Their selves are constructed narratively. And

selves are reconstructed by changing narratives. Changing narratives from

the dominant narratives to the alternative ones leads to the self-reconstruction.

However, the self is not reconstructed by changing narratives alone.

The self-reconstruction needs the activization of the inner world. In the inner world,

there is the inner-communication (self interaction) that comes from the outer-

communication (social interaction).

The inner-communication is made up of two processes, i.e., the indication process

and the interpretation process. In their processes emerge inner-narratives and

changes of self-narratives are brought about. That is the ‘self-reconstruction’

through the ‘narrative reconstruction’.

�������� � .*-- ( ,**,�� )

88