Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Modelling of Complex Urban Systems and Areas of Possible Improvements

Dr Žarko StevanovićBelgrade University

Institute of Nuclear Sciences - VINČAzare@vinca.rs

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

MODELLING ‐ CONCEPT

Natural Phenomena

Modelling

Quantification - CFD

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

NATURAL PHENOMENA

• Fluid Flow (Air Movement, Turbulence, Buoyancy)• Heat Transfer (Conduction, Convection, Radiation)• Mass Transfer (Pollution Dispersion)• Phase Changes (Vaporization, Solidification)• Combustion (Heat and Smoke Realize)• etc.

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

MODELLING BUILT ENVIRONMENT ‐ SCOPEAdaptations

• Urban design: heat islands and street  canyon effects

• Building design and adaptations for protection against temperature, pollution, fire and flood risks

Mitigation

• Urban design, structure and organization to promote low GHG emissions and healthy living 

• Energy efficiency / Low carbon design of buildings: impact on indoor environments

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Heat Islands EffectsR

ural

Are

as

Urb

an A

reas

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Street Canyon Effects

Isolated Roughness Flow

Wake Interface Flow Skimming Flow

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Urban Pollution EffectsPoint source pollution :- Chimney

Line source pollution: – Urban Traffic

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Experimental:

• Wind – tunnel investigation

Modelling:

• Computational Fluid Dynamics ( CFD )

MODELLING BUILT ENVIRONMENT ‐ METHODOLOGIES

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Experimental – Wind Tunnel

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

CFD – E X A M P L E S

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Heat Islands EffectsUrban Model:• Buildings• Streets• Greenery• Water Surfaces

Ž. Stevanović, 2013

Surface – FasadeTemperatures

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Street Canyon EffectsUrban Model of Glasgow City Center

Surface – Fasade Air Velocity

Hor

izon

tal c

ompo

nent

s of

vel

ocity

vec

tor a

t the

Geo

rge

Squa

re

D. Mumović and Ž. Stevanović, 2002

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Urban Pollution EffectsUrban Model of Copenhagen City Center

Surface – Fasade NOx Distribution

New

bui

ldin

g fa

sade

NO

x di

strib

utio

n –

Nat

ural

ven

tilat

ion

stud

y

Ž. Stevanović, 2008

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Outdoor / Indoor Impact

Ž. Stevanović, 2008

Fasade Design DetailesNatural Ventilation Study

Velocity Vectors andAir Stream Lines

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Indoor Thermal Comfort

Open Office Model

Predicted Mean VoteDistribution

Ž. Stevanović, 2012

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Indoor Air Quality

Theatre “Terazije” - Belgrade Model

Iso-surface of CO2 concentration

M. Kavgić and Ž. Stevanović, 2007

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Indoor Risk Fire Assessment

Visualization of 100 oC temperature iso-surface, spreading during the fire

3D Geometry of Belgrade AirportTerminal 2

Ž. Stevanović, 2006

Blue Green Dream © 2012. All rights reserved.2013.

Contact details Dr Žarko Stevanovićwww.vinca.rszare@vinca.rs+381 63 8468 799