Post on 16-Oct-2020
Medicina Veterinaria, Sistemas de Produccion e
Investigacion en AB, Canada
Marcos G. Colazo
Livestock Research Branch Alberta Agriculture and Rural Development
Facultad de Cs. Veterinarias, Gral Pico, Febrero 21, 2014
53° N, 113° O
Lake Louise-Banff
Athabasca Glacier
2001 2004 2012
Ganado Carne 3,939 $2,617 $4,900
Trigo $936 $959 $2,300
Canola $586 $771 $2,500
Cerdos $572 $613 -------
Ganado Leche $348 $383 $521
Aves $214 $213 $330
Alberta: Agricultura & Economia
Alberta: Ganado de carne (2012)
Cabezas 5.100.000 (41%)
Vacas y vaquillonas 2.345.000
Explotaciones 43.234
Inseminación Artificial ~5%
May, 2004
The Canadian Dairy Industry MSQ, July 31, 2004; Milk, 2004
Provinces % Farms % Cows % Milka Milk, kg/ Cowb
Maritimes 5 6 4.3
Quebec 48 38 45.8 ~8,100
Ontario 32 34 31.5 ~8,200
Manitoba 3 4 3.6 9,150
Saskatchewan 2 3 2.5 9,375
Alberta 5 8 6.6 9,504
B.C. 4 6 5.7 10,083 a CDC (2004), b Canwest DHI, 2004
240
75
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
1966 2006
'000 c
ab
295
630
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
1966 2006
Mil
lon
es L
itro
s
Alberta: Pasado (1966) y presente (2006)
Vacas y producción
1st serv
ice con
ceptio
n (%
) Dairy farms in Alberta: the declining trendDairy farms in Alberta: the declining trend
500
700
900
1100
1300
1500
1700
1900
Nu
mb
er
of
Dair
y F
arm
s
1981 1983 1985 1987 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2005
YEARS
DRTC: Tambo de la Universidad de Alberta
30
15
16
10
4
11
84 2 1
Infertility
Low milk
Mastitis
Feet & Legs
Injury
Udder brkdwn
Disease
Old Age
Slow milker
Temperament
Alberta: Dairy cow disposal reasons, 2009
Source: 2009 CanWest DHI Herd Improvement Report
35.7 33.3
13.5
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
Po
rcen
taje
(%
)
Ambrose y Colazo, 2007
Porcentaje de animales inseminados y tasas de concepción y preñez c/21 días
en Alberta, Canada. (23 rodeos; 29.929 Animales; 2004-2006)
DHI Records 2004-06
(Pregnancy rates by 21 d intervals)
13.5
11
16.3
20.7
5.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
1st Q
Media
n
3rd
Q
%
Ambrose y Colazo, 2007
Han implementado un programa de manejo de
servicios sistematizado....
GnRH PGF AI
16 h 2 d D 0 D 7 D 9 D 10
7-d OVSYNCH
Pursley et al., 1995
7 d
GnRH
GnRH PGF
2 d D 0 D 7 D 9
7 d
GnRH
+ AI
7-d COSYNCH
Geary et al., 1998
Experimental Design – 5- vs 7-d Cosynch/PRID
GnRH PGF2α
GnRH
7 d PRID
5 d PRID
PGF2α
d -7
d -5
d 0 GnRH
+ AI
56 h
d 0
72 h
Colazo and Ambrose, 2011
TAI Pregnancy Rate 28 d
59 58
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
%
P
r
e
g
n
a
n
t
5-d Cosynch PRID
7-d Cosynch PRID
19/32 18/31
Trt, P >0.05 Colazo and Ambrose, 2011
5-d 7-d
Ov. to 2nd GnRH 65% 84%
Ov. to 1st GnRH 25% * 39%
Ov. before TAI 22% * 10%
No resp. PGF 6% 0%
Colazo and Ambrose, 2011
Cosynch/PRID
Experimental Design – 5-d Modified Cosynch
GnRH
5-d PRID
PGF2α
d -5 d 0
72 h
Colazo and Ambrose, 2011
GnRH
+ AI
5-d PRID
PGF2α
d -5 d 0
6871
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90 5-d Cosynch PRID5-d Modified Cosynch PRID
Trt, P >0.05
N=28 N=28
Pre
gnan
cy R
ate,
%
TAI Pregnancy Rate 28 d
Colazo and Ambrose, 2011
Experimental Design - ED vs 5d Modified Cosynch
PGF2α
5 d PRID
PGF2α
d -14
d -5
GnRH
+ AI
d 0
72 h
PGF2α
ED
+ AI
7d
N=224; ~half AI with sexed semen Colazo, unpublished
Conception Rate 25-30 d
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
CONV SEXED
%
P
r
e
g
n
a
n
t
ED + AI
5-d Modified Cosynch
73% 66% 67% 59%
Colazo, unpublished N=224
GnRH PGF AI
16 h 2 d D 0 D 7 D 9 D 10
7-d OVSYNCH +/- P4
7 d
GnRH
Progesterone
PRID
GnRH PGF AI
16 h 2 d D 0 D 7 D 9 D 10
7 d
GnRH
N = 608; Presynchronized N=217 Colazo et al., 2013
Pregnancy rate: PRID effect
N = 608; P <0.05 Colazo et al., 2013
30
42 43
51
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
%
All Synchronized
No PRID
PRID
Interaction P<0.05
40 42
25
41
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
%
Presynch/Ovsynch
N=217
Ovsynch
N=391
No PRID
PRID
PRID treatment by TAI protocol
Colazo et al., 2013
Ovsynch vs. Ovsynch + PRID Acyclic cows
N = 107; Interaction P<0.05
37
55
49
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
%
CL (+) CL (-)
Ovsynch
Ovsynch + PRID
Colazo et al., 2013
PRID
TAI GnRH
PGF2α
0d
12h
Pregnant
39d
32d
60h Monday
Wed Monday
GnRH
Ultrasound Pregnancy Diagnosis
Resynch 7-d Ovsynch/PRID Protocol
d60
Thurs
TAI
TAI GnRH
PGF
0d
12h
Pregnant
34d
24h Wednesday
Wed
Monday &
Tuesday
GnRH
Ultrasound Pregnancy Diagnosis
Resynch 5-d Ovsynch/PRID Protocol
d60
Thurs
TAI
PRID
39d
36h
PGF
Monday
32d
TAI
PGF
0d
Pregnant
34d
Wednesday
Ultrasound Pregnancy Diagnosis
Resynch 5-d Modified Ovsynch/PRID Protocol
d60
PRID
39d
Monday
32d
Monday
12h 60h
Wed
GnRH
Thurs
TAI
30
45 46
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
100
%
P
r
e
g
n
a
n
t
7-d Ovsynch PRID
5-d Ovsynch PRID
5-d Modified Ovsynch PRID
Resynch Pregnancy Rate 32 d
38/84 24/81
Colazo unpublished Trt, P <0.05
35/77
*
9 8
16
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
%
7-d Ovsynch PRID
5-d Ovsynch PRID
5-d Modified Ovsynch PRID
Pregnancy loss between 32 and 60 d
Colazo unpublished Trt, P <0.1
*
1% 9% 3%
Conception rates (957 AI - 2012)
38% 46% 3%
87%
41%
49%
Wetaskiwin, AB
475 Lac cows
11460 kg
25
21 d Insemination and Pregnancy risk (2012)
57
Mean interval from calving to ovulation in dairy cows fed oilseed supplements (8% DMI) during
dry period for 5 weeks
21b24b
35a
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Canola Linola Flax
Days
ab P < 0.05
Oleic C18:1
Linoleic C18:2
Linolenic C18:3
(n = 72 cows)
Colazo et al. (2009) J Dairy Sci 92:2562-71
Conception rates in dairy cows fed oilseed
supplements during dry period
18.4
47.242.8
32.7
22.9
0
10
20
30
40
50
Canola Flax Linola FR AL
Co
ncep
tio
n r
ate
(%
)
ab P < 0.05
a
b (n = 66)
FR= 24% feed restriction; AL = ad libitum
Colazo et al. (2009) J Dairy Sci 92:2562-71
Presumptive (D 24) and confirmed (D 32)
pregnancy to first AI and pregnancy losses
48
73
32
48
73
90
27
10
0102030405060708090
100
Sunflower Flax
Perc
ent
PP24 Preg32 Calving PregLoss
n=121
* P = 0.01 *
P = 0.07 * *
*
Ambrose et al (2006) JDS 89: 3066-74
*
P = 0.05 *
Pregnancy Losses in Cows Fed Flaxseed
10
27
8
16
9
14
0
12
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
AB BC OR QC
Flax
ControlP
regna
ncy loss (
%)
121 263 303 138
(0.05) (0.15) (0.18) (0.07)
63 50 36 100
Cows:
P value:
Reduction
in loss (%):
Embryonic cell number in cows fed saturated or unsaturated fatty acids
a,b P < 0.001
77.1
93.4 97.2
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Tallow Sunflower Flax
a
b b
Thangavelu et al (2006)
saturated unsaturated
43
TRT Total Analysis
Canola 82 Need TBP
Sunflower 99 Need TBP
Flax 87 Need TBP
26
22
9
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Canola Sunflower Flax
De
ge
ne
rate
d (
%)
Degenerated embryo1
(a) (a) (b)
1Salehi, et al., IETS conference, 2014 (Accepted)
Day-7 embryo flushing
9
16 16
9
24 23 25
21
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Canola Flax Sunflower FCS
Bla
sto
cyst
ra
te (
%)
Total Blastocyst rate on Day 7 & 8
Blastocyst Day 7 Blastocyst Day 8
(a) (a) (b) (b)
P<0.05
Muchas Gracias!
Marcos G Colazo Research Scientist, Alberta Agriculture & Rural
Development
Edmonton, Alberta, Canada E-mail: marcos.colazo@gov.ab.ca; mgcolazo@yahoo.com