Post on 12-Jan-2016
Male Reproductive Tract Anatomy & Physiology
By Erma Safitri
Learning Objectives
To be able to describe the male reproductive system in the bull. Structure Function
STRUCTURE :
MAIN GENITAL ORGAN : GONAD / TESTES TRACTUS REPRODUCTION : EPIDIDYMIS, VAS
DEFERENS, AMPULA & URETHRA ACCESORIES GLANDS : VESCICULARIS, PROSTATA &
BULBO URETHRALIS (COWPER) OUTER GENITALIA ORGAN : PENIS, PREPUTIUM &
SCROTUM
Components
Scrotum Testes Duct system Penis Accessory
glands
TESTES
DIFFERENT BETWEEN SPECIES :
MEASUREMENT FORM LOCATION
PACKED IN SCROTUM SAC
PACKED BY SHINE WHITE CAPSULE : TUNICA ALBUGINEA
THE GLANDS TUBULUS FORMED
Factory• 1-25 X 109 sperm/day• “Plant” must be air
conditioned
Factory• 1-25 X 109 sperm/day• “Plant” must be air
conditioned
Warehouse and Delivery• Storage 10-50 X 109 sperm• Sperm for 5-10 ejaculates• Smooth muscle contractions
upon sexual stimulation
Warehouse and Delivery• Storage 10-50 X 109 sperm• Sperm for 5-10 ejaculates• Smooth muscle contractions
upon sexual stimulation
Finishing School• Fluid Absorption• 8-25 X 109 sperm
– membrane changes– nuclear & flagellar
stabilization– motility, fertility– cytoplasmic droplet
translocation
Finishing School• Fluid Absorption• 8-25 X 109 sperm
– membrane changes– nuclear & flagellar
stabilization– motility, fertility– cytoplasmic droplet
translocationDelivery System
• Erection• Protrusion• Ejaculation
Delivery System• Erection• Protrusion• Ejaculation
Alterations & Packaging• Metabolic substrates• Surface coatings• Transport for sperm
Alterations & Packaging• Metabolic substrates• Surface coatings• Transport for sperm
Testis Epididymis
Tail of Epididymis
Accessory Sex Glands
Penis
Bull ReproductiveTract
EPIDIDYMIS
CONSIST OF : CAPUT, CORPUS &
CAUDA THE WALL : CIRCULAR MUSCLE
MEMBRANE
Epididymis Structure
Caput Epididymis
Cauda Epididymis
CorpusEpididymis
DUCTUS DEFERENS• CONNECTED : EPIDIDIMIS - URETHRA• FUNICULUS SPERMATICUS/ CORDA SPERMATICA
• Vas Deferens• Limfe• Blood Vessel• Nervous
• AMPULA DUCTUS DEFERENS BULL, STALLION, RAM, GOAT : + DOG & CAT : - BOAR : SMALL
• COLLICULUS SEMINALIS : ORRIFICIUM
FUNICULUS SPERMATICUS• Vas Deferens• Limfe• Blood Vessel• Nervous
AMPULA DUCTUS DEFERENS
CANALIS INGUINALIS
Vas Deferens Structure
COLLICULUS SEMINALIS
Testes Structure
Rete Testis(within the mediastinum)
Tunica Albuginea
Vas Efferentia6-12 tubules
Caput Epididymis
Cauda Epididymis
CorpusEpididymis
Seminiferous Tubule
Vas Deferens
Spermatic Cord/ FeniculusSpermaticus
• Vasectomy
PampiniformPlexus
TesticularArtery
Spermatic Chord
Pampiniform Plexus• Counter Current Exchange
39°C - 34°C 70 ng T/ml - 4.8 ng T/ml
•Vascular, lymphatic and nerves
•Heat exchanger
•Houses cremaster muscle
Spermatic Chord
Parietal Tunica
Vaginalis
Cremaster Muscle
Vas Deferens
Pampiniform Plexus
Bull Testis
Tunica Vaginalis• parietal• visceral
Tunica Albuginea
Structure of the Testis
Rete Testis(within the mediastinum)
Tunica Albuginea
Seminiferous Tubule
Bull Tract
Cross Section
Longitudinal Section
Scrotal Cross Section
testicular parenchyma
mediastinum
Scrotal Cross Section
Testis
Testicular Parenchyma
Mediastinum
The Testis
Mediastinum
SeminiferousTubule
Rete Testis
ASCECORIES GLANDS
• VESICULA SEMINALIS/ VESICULARIS
• PROSTATA
• COWPER/BULBOURETHRALIS
Bull Tract
Pelvic Genitalia
Pelvic Genitalia of the Bull
Pelvic UrethraMuscle
DUCTUS EKSRETORIS URINE & SEMEN
CONSIST OF :
PELVIS DEPT : DUCTUS SILINDRIC PELVIC FLUOR
URETHRAE DEPT: CURVE SERROUNDING OF
ARCUS ISCHIADICUS
PENIS DEPT
Bull Tract
Pelvic Dept
Penis DeptUrethrae Dept
• PENIS URINE & SEMEN
• PENIS CRUZ, CORPUS & GLANS
Glans Penis
Glans PenisGlans Penis
PENIS
* DORSAL : CORPUS CAVERNOSUM
* VENTRAL : CORPUS SPONGIOSUM
URETHRAE
* DORSAL-VENTRAL JOINED IN GLANS PENIS
CORPUS FIBROSUM
Cross Section of Bull Penis
Penis Cross Section
Corpus Cavernos
um
Corpus Spongiosu
m
Urethra
1. FIBROELASTIS Flexura Sigmoidea
EX : BULL, BOAR, RAM, GOAT, BUFFALO
2. VASKULER
EX : STALLION, ELEPHANT, PRIMATE
Reproductive
Organs of the Bull
Cowpers Gland
Caput Epididymis
Cauda EpididymisTestis
ScrotumGlansPenis
Bladder
Ampulla
Seminal Vesicles
ProstateRectum
Vas Deferens
Gubernaculum
SigmoidFlexure
Retractor Penis
Muscle
• PENIS VASCULARITATION :
a. interna-externa pudendal &
a. obturator
• INERVATION :
Plexus Pelvicus,
Pudenda & hemoroidalis Nervous
Arterial Supply
SKIN COVERING FREE PENIS NOT ERECTION
& CAUDAL PENIS IN ERECTION
MUKOUS LIQUID SECRETION + LIPID + BACTERIA
FROM EPITEL WALL GLAND PREPUTIUM
SMEGMA PREPUTII
MALE GENITALIA PHYSIOLOGY
TESTES :• REPRODUCTIF FUNCTION
SPERMATOZOA PRODUCE TUBULUS SEMINIFERUS• ENDOKRINOLOGY FUNCTION
MALE HORMONE PRODUCE/ ANDROGEN
SPERMATOGENESIS- SPERMATOCYTOGENESIS- SPERMIOGENESIS
HIPOTHALAMUS
HIPOFISIS ANTERIOR
TESTIS
SPERMATOGONIASEL
SERTOLI
INHIBIN
FSH LH
SEL LEYDIG
TESTOSTERON
ABP
GnRH
MEKANISME HORMONAL HT – HP - TESTIS
EPIDIDYMISEPIDIDYMIS
FUNCTION :FUNCTION : TRANSPORTATIONTRANSPORTATION KONSENTRATIONKONSENTRATION MATURATIONMATURATION STORAGESTORAGE
SKROTUMFUNCTION
1. SHOCK REDUCE SMOOTH MUSCLE FIBROSA MEMBRANE SKIN
2. THERMOREGULATOR EKSTERNA ET INTERNA CREMASTER MUSC TUNICA DARTOS A TESTIKULER & PLEXUS VENOUS
PAMPINIFORMOS POSISITON IN FUNICULUS SPERMATIKUS
Tunica Dartos
• Thermosensor• Radiator• Protective sac
Scrotum
Contraction of the Tunica Dartos
Tunica Dartos
• Smooth muscle
• Androgen dependent(Testosterone)
Testis
VAS DEFERENS
• TRANSPOR SPZ FROM CAUDA EPIDIDIMIS TO URETHRAE
• AFTER CAPUT EPIDIDYMIS JOINED BLOOD VESSEL, LIMFE & NERVES => FUNICULUS SPERMATICUS
• AMPULA DUCTUS DEFERENS
ASCESORIS GLANDSASCESORIS GLANDS
1.1. VESIKULARISVESIKULARIS
- 50% VOL BULL EJAKULAT- 50% VOL BULL EJAKULAT
- pH 5,7-6,2- pH 5,7-6,2
2.2. COWPER & PROSTATACOWPER & PROSTATA
- URINE NETRALISATION- URINE NETRALISATION
- pH 7,5-8,2- pH 7,5-8,2
URETHRAE
• DUCTUS UROGENITALIS URINE & SEMEN
• COLLICULUS SEMINALIS :
Corpus cavernosus Vesica urinaria
covering at ejakulation
Preventif semen entering in vesica
urinaria
EJAKULATION MECHANISME
LIBIDO ↑
HIGH SPERM KONSENTRATION & NON
MOTIL FROM AMPULA
SECRETION FROM VESICULARIS &
PROSTATA GLANDS
COLLICULUS SEMINALIS COVERED
URETHRAE BASE WALL SUDDENLY CONTRACTION SEMEN SECRETION
SPRAY
COWPER SECRETION URETHRAE CLEANSER