Post on 29-Dec-2015
Lessons Learnt of Indonesia Disaster Experience in Tsunami
Ridwan YunusInformation Management Officer, BNPB
EAST ASIA SUMMIT RAPID DISASTER RESPONSE: SEARCH AND RESCUE LESSONS LEARNED SEMINARSYDNEY 20–23 SEPTEMBER 2015
Indonesia Maritime Continent
17,504 islands (1st in the world) 81,000 km long coastline (2nd in the world) Population 237 million people (4th in the world) Mega Biodiversity (10% plants, 12% of mammals, 16% of
reptiles, 15% fish,17% of bird in the world live in Indonesia) – 3rd in the world
13% or 129 active volcanoes in the world (1st in the world)
BACKGROUND
22/12/2009Footer 3
Hindia-Australia Plate
Eurasia Plate
Pacific Plate
5-6 cm/year
12 cm/year
Indonesia is located at 3 main tectonic plates which are active, they are Eurasia, Pacific and Hindia-Australia. The active tectonic
process there are many earthquakes, tsunami, volcano eruption and others.
INDONESIA’S MOST NOTABLE TSUNAMI DISASTER
The Great Sumatra Earthquake -Indian Ocean Tsunami
DisasterDecember 26, 2004
LOCATION
BEFORE AND AFTER THE DISASTER (DECEMBER 26, 2004 EARTHQUAKE-TSUNAMI)
• SOURCE OF IMAGES: SPACE IMAGING/CRISP-SINGAPORE
• NOTE: A TSUNAMI TRAVELS AT SPEEDS OF ABOUT 800 KM/HR IN THE DEEP OCEAN
BEFORE
AFTER
BEFORE
AFTER
THE TSUNAMI
• THE EXISTING INDIAN OCEAN WARNING SYSTEM WAS INADEQUATE; SO EVACUATION DID NOT HAPPEN.
• TSUNAMI WAVES WITH WAVE HEIGHTS OF 4 TO 10 M AND INLAND RUNUP OF 3.3 KM OR MORE REACHED THE COASTS OF ALL INDIAN OCEAN NATIONS- - -
• WHOSE PEOPLE WERE UNEVACUATED AND UNPREPARED
IMPACTS OF THE DISASTER
• AS MANY AS 220,000 PEOPLE KILLED (MORE THEN 120,000 IN INDONESIA)
• --- AND 500,000 INJURED • URGENT NEED FOR FOOD, WATER, AND HEALTH
CARE SERVICES TO PREVENT “A HEALTH-CARE DISASTER AFTER THE TSUNAMI DISASTER”
• MILLIONS DISPLACED FROM HOMES• BILLIONS OF DOLLARS NEEDED FOR RESPONSE,
RECOVERY, AND RECONSTRUCTION• INTERNATIONAL AID WAS COORDINATED BY UN,
USA, INDIA, AUSTRALIA, & JAPAN
Earthquakes and Tsunami
Aceh,2004
Jogja, 2006
Padang,2009
Mentawai, 2010
Nias, 2005
2004 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014
IN :NATION RESILIENT
OUT :DRR KNOWLEDGE CENTER
EQ and TsunamiAceh-North Sumatra
YogyakartaDeclaration
2015
Disaster Management Law No. 24 / 2007
The role of National and Local Governments
Establishment of BNPB and BPBDs
Roles and Responsibility of Community in DM
Roles of Private sectors and International in DM
DM Implementation: pre-disaster, emergency response, and post-disaster
Funding and Relief Assistance Management
Controlling, Monitoring & Evaluation of DM implementation
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
PRE DISASTER DURING POST DISASTER
PREVENTION
MITIGATION
PREPAREDNESS
COMMAND
COORDI-NATION.
COORDI-NATION
EMERGENCY RESPONSE
COORDI-
NATION
RECOVERY
ROLE OF BNPB
Law No. 24/2007 on Disaster Management & Emergency Response
Chapter 2, article 3:Disaster response must be undertaken on timely manner in order to save lives of the affected population
Disaster response/assistance must utilize consistent, yet flexible approach in order to adapt to the existing situation and condition, regardless of the causes, scope, location and complexity of the occurring event
Disaster response activities must be transparent and accountable
Chapter 7: Disaster Management during Emergency Phase:
Article 48: Activities undertaken during emergency phaseArticle 49: Rapid assessment Article 50: BNPB and BPBD to have facilitated access on mobilization of
human resources, equipment, logistics, etc.Article 51: Government to decide on the status / level of disasterArticle 52: Rescue and evacuation of victims of disasterArticle 53: Provision of basic humanitarian needsArticle 54: Management of affected and displaced populationArticle 55: Protection of the vulnerable groupArticle 56: Recovery of vital public facilities and infrastructure
Govt Regulation: No 21 Ch. 25-27on mobilization of resources
MOBILIZATION(request, acceptance, utilization)
DisasterEmergency Situation
Chief ofBNPB/BPBD
(authority)
Institution/agencies(appoint decision maker authority)
- Human resources- Equipment- Logistic
GOALS- Rescue and evacuation- Fulfillment of basic needs- Emergency recovery
DisasterAffected
Area
“based on needs”
requests
Community
dispatchmobilization
Govt Regulations No 21 Ch. 32-37C I Q
RECOMMENDATIONCHIEF OF BNPB
DisasterEmergency Situation
FOREIGNASSISTANCE
• LOGISTIC• EQUIPMENT
• PERSONNEL
FACILITATED ACCESS
EXEMPTION (as stated in Law & Regulation)
• Custom duty• Tax• Quarantine (except for
equipment/logistics w potential hazards)
• Visa process and services• Entry permit• Working permit (the longest duration
should be in alignment with emergency phase)
• Exit permit
Utilizing its own equipment
Undertake emergency operation in the affected area
DEPLOYMENT/Recommedation• Govt of Country of Origin• International Institutions• International NGOs
Must report to immigration office /foreign affairs office
Govt Regulations No 21 Ch. 38on Permits
FACILITATEDACCESS
CHIEF OF BNPB obtains special
permits(regardless of the
time and place and with the available communication
means)
DisasterEmergency Situation
FOREIGN ASSISTANCE
• PERSONNEL OF FOREIGN MILITARY
• FOREIGNERS from countries with no diplomatic relations
• TRANSPORTATION EQUIPMENT FOREIGN MILITARY providing emergency assistance
INSTITUTION/AGENCY
DG Counselor – MoFA
• Ministry of Defense• Ministry of Foreign Affairs• Ministry of Transportation
GOVT REGULATION No. 23 YEAR 2008 : Involvement of International Organizations &
Foreign NGOs in Disaster Management
“EMERGENCY RESPONSE”
DIRECTASSISTANCE
BNPB
COORDINATIONRelated Agency
International Agencies/Foreign NGOs
FUNDING
PERSONNEL,LOGISTIC,
EQUIPMENTAPPROVAL
BNPB
SUBMISSION of Info on# of Personnel,
Logistics,Equipment,
Site of Operation(before, during or immediately
after the assistance arrives
MOBILIZATIONFACILITATED ACCESS
ImmigrationCustom
QuarantinePermits
Stand-by Force for Emergency Management
Satuan Reaksi Cepat Penanggulangan Bencana (SRC PB) = Indonesia Rapid Response & Assistance (INDRRA)
SRC-PB / INDRRA is combined civil – military forces from various relevant line ministries/agencies
being dispatched to assist affected local government in undertaking emergency activities in timely and integrated manner
Undertaking rapid assessment on the impacts of the disaster as well as the humanitarian needs, during the initial /early stage of the emergency phase
• Enactment of Law No. 24/2007 and PP No 21, 22, 23 year 2008, Perpres No. 8/2008 and Head of BNPB Regulations
• Establishment of BNPB and BPBD (33 provinces and 306 districts/cities)• Set up of National Platform for DRR• Formulation of National DM Plan and National Action Plan for DRR (2010-2014) and
integration of DRR into the National Middle-term Development Plan RPJM 2010-2014• DM becomes priority in development (no 9 from 11)• HFA Progress Report every 2 years • Formulation of Contingency Plans• Building of Ina TEWS and Vulcano Monitoring• Building of Emergency Operations Center (Jakarta, DIY, Bali, etc)• Set-up of National Rapid Response Team (SRC-PB) for the Eastern and Western Regions• Disaster Management Simulation and Exercises• Building Safer School and Hospital• Establishment Indonesia Disaster Relief Training Ground• Implementation Yogyakarta Declaration --- Resilient Community
Indonesia’s Achievement in Disaster Risk Reduction
EAS ToolkitThe East Asia Summit Rapid Disaster Response Toolkit has been prepared by Emergency Management Australia and BNPB, Indonesia, in collaboration with relevant agencies from all 18 East Asia Summit participating countries and in consultation with the ASEAN Committee on Disaster Management (ACDM).
The Toolkit contains three Tools aimed at improving rapid disaster response capability and cooperation across EAS countries.TOOL 1 : NATIONAL FOCAL POINT TABLETOOL 2 : GUIDANCE FOR RAPID D ISASTER RESPONSETOOL 3 : EAS COUNTRY D ISASTER RESPONSE ARRANGEMENTS
Indonesia will conduct EAS Toolkit exercise :• National level : November 2015• International level : 2016
THANK YOU