INNOVATIONS IN PIGGING - RMEHSPG 4 QTR.pdf · 2020. 10. 22. · By pigging pipelines frequently, we...

INNOVATIONS IN PIGGING

Nathan M. Wheldon, PE

A WHOLLY-OWNED MPLX SUBSIDIARY

WELLHEAD TO PROCESSING PLANT

WHY PIG PIPELINES?

• Reduces pipeline pressure drop• Sweeps valuable natural gas liquids

into slug catcher and processing plant for processing and fractionation

• Prevents internal pipeline corrosion• Prevents paraffin buildup in the

pipeline

PIG LAUNCHER

DON’T LAUNCH ME - I’M A SMART PIG

TYPICAL LOW PRESSURE PIGGING OPERATIONS

PIPELINE JUST PIGGED AND FLOWING GAS – NEW PIG READY TO LAUNCH

LP Rich-Gas from Wells

HP Rich-Gas fromCompressor StationTo HP Pipelines

Gas Compressors

Vapor recoverycompressor

LP Condensate to sales by truck

Low Pressure Gathering Pipeline

P = 80-100 PSIGT = 40-65 F

P = <1 PSIGT = 40-100 F

Slug Catcher/Separator

CondensateStorage Tank

Gas shown in Yellow

Condensed Liquid shown in Cyan

Pipeline Pig

Closed

Low pressure gathering pipelines flow from well facilities to a compressor station

LINE ACCUMULATING CONDENSED LIQUIDS

Gas Compressors

P = 80-100 PSIGT = 40-65 F

P = <1 PSIGT = 40-100 F

Gas shown in Yellow

Pipeline Pig

Closed

TIME TO PIG PIPELINE – OPEN LAUNCHER VALVES, CLOSE BYPASS

Gas Compressors

P = 80-100 PSIGT = 40-65 F

P = <1 PSIGT = 40-100 F

Gas shown in Yellow

Pipeline Pig

ClosedLow pressure gathering pipelines flow from well facilities to a compressor station

PIG REACHES FIRST LOW POINT BEGINS PUSHING LIQUIDS

Gas Compressors

P = 80-100 PSIGT = 40-65 F

P = <1 PSIGT = 40-100 F

Gas shown in Yellow

Pipeline Pig

ClosedLow pressure gathering pipelines flow from well facilities to a compressor station

PIG PUSHES LIQUIDS TOWARDS RECEIVER

Gas Compressors

P = 80-100 PSIGT = 40-65 F

P = <1 PSIGT = 40-100 F

Gas shown in Yellow

Pipeline Pig

Closed

PIG PUSHES LIQUIDS THRU BYPASS AND RECEIVER AND INTO SLUG CATCHER

Gas Compressors

P = 80-100 PSIGT = 40-65 F

P = <1 PSIGT = 40-100 F

Gas shown in Yellow

Pipeline Pig

Closed

TYPICAL LOW PRESSURE PIGGING OPERATIONSCLOSE BYPASS TO PUSH PIG INTO RECEIVER – REMAINING LIQUID IN BYPASS LINE PUSHED INTO SLUG CATCHER BY GAS AND PIG

Gas Compressors

P = 80-100 PSIGT = 40-65 F

P = <1 PSIGT = 40-100 F

Gas shown in Yellow

Pipeline Pig

Closed

TIME TO REMOVE PIG FROM RECEIVER-BYPASS, ISOLATE, AND DEPRESSURIZE

Gas Compressors

P = 80-100 PSIGT = 40-65 F

P = <1 PSIGT = 40-100 F

Gas shown in Yellow

Pipeline Pig

Closed

REMOVE PIG FROM BARREL

Gas Compressors

P = 80-100 PSIGT = 40-65 F

P = <1 PSIGT = 40-100 F

Gas shown in Yellow

Pipeline Pig

Closed

1-2 gallonsof trappedliquid capturedin bucket

PREPARE LAUNCHER FOR NEXT CYCLE – BYPASS, ISOLATE, AND DEPRESSURIZE

Gas Compressors

P = 80-100 PSIGT = 40-65 F

P = <1 PSIGT = 40-100 F

Gas shown in Yellow

Pipeline Pig

Closed

OPEN LAUNCHER AND INSTALL NEW PIG – SHUT VENTS

Gas Compressors

P = 80-100 PSIGT = 40-65 F

P = <1 PSIGT = 40-100 F

Gas shown in Yellow

Pipeline Pig

Closed

READY FOR NEXT PIGGING OPERATION

Gas Compressors

P = 80-100 PSIGT = 40-65 F

P = <1 PSIGT = 40-100 F

Gas shown in Yellow

Pipeline Pig

Closed

PIG LAUNCHER AND RECEIVER SITE

VOC PERMIT EMISSIONS LIMITS

• No federal limit• State limits vary state to state

Calculated using the Real Gas Law

m = PVMw/(RTZ)*VOCwt%

P = pressure inside the pipe (psia) pound per square inch actualV = actual volume of pipe (ft3)m = mass of material (lb)Mw = molecular weight of the mixture (lb/lbmol)R = universal gas constant (10.73 psia*ft3/lbmol* ◦ R)T = temperature of mixture(◦R)Z = compressibility factor at given pressure (unitless)VOCwt% = percentage of gas that is VOC on weight basis

HIGH PRESSURE TO LOW PRESSURE JUMPER LINE

VOC EMISSIONS REDUCTION DEVICE

EMISSIONLESS HOT TAP

VOC EMISSIONS REDUCTION DEVICEZEVAC

PIG RAMP AWAITING INSTALLATION

U.S. PATENT NUMBER 10012340

PIG RAMP INSTALLED

SHORT BARREL AND LIQUID CONTAINMENT

VOC EMISSION REDUCTION DEVICEPORTABLE FLARE

MARKWEST VOC EMISSION REDUCTIONS

• 0.02% of total volume estimated emitted from launcher and receiver loading operations prior to enhancements of adding jumper lines where feasible, flares at 7 of 223 locations and pig ramps.

• 84.7% reduction in emissions system wide post enhancement

• 0.003% of total volume is emitted from pigging

BENEFITS OF ENHANCED PIPELINE PIGGING OPERATIONS Pig ramp designs are available royalty free

– Affordable cost of fabrication– Ease of installation– Reduction liquids at launcher/receiver sites

Short pig barrels reduce gas volume for potential release High/low jumpers prevent gas loss, thus increasing system efficiency Portable flares and ZEVAC reduce emissions

INNOVATIONS IN PIGGING - RMEHSPG 4 QTR.pdf · 2020. 10. 22. · By pigging pipelines frequently, we...

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