Post on 11-Nov-2014
description
High-Temperature Superconducting Generators for
Direct Drive ApplicationsOZAN KEYSANo.keysan@ed.ac.ukInstitute for Energy
SystemsThe University of
EdinburghApril 2011
Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 2
Superconductor?
Abolish the OHM’s Law
Kakani2009
Zero Resistivity
Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 3
MERCURYThe First Superconductor Material Discovered in 1911Critical Temp = 4.2 K (-269 C)
Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 4
Infinite Current? Unfortunately NOT.
www.superox.ru
Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 5
YBCO (YBa2Cu3O7 )
Current Density > 200 A/mm2
(5-10 A/mm2 for copper)
Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 6
Perfect Diamagnetism
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Applications: MagLev Train
Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 8
Applications: Large Hadron Collider
Superconducting Magnets • Up to 16 T, Normal PM ~1.5 T
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Applications: MRI
Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 10
Power Applications
Courtesy AMSC, InnoPower Superconductor
Transmission Lines Fault Current Limiter
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Power Applications : Electrical Machines
Courtesy of Siemens, Converteam (ALSTOM)
Siemens: 400 kW
Converteam (ALSTOM): 5 MW HTS
Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 12
Power Applications : Electrical Machines
36.5 MW, 120 rpm (U.S. Navy, AMSC)
Courtesy of AMSC
Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 13
Wind Turbine Applications?
M. Lesser, J. Müller, “Superconductor Technology – Generating the Future of Offshore Wind Power,” BARD 5MW
Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 14
Direct-Drive Solutions
EESM: Electrically excitedSynchronous Machine
HTSG: High-TemperatureSuperconducting Generator
PMG: Permanent-MagnetGenerator
Bubble Size: Power Rating
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Cost Comparison (HTSG vs. PMG)
Lesser2009
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Types of HTS Machines
Rotating DC Superconducting Field Most Common Type Transient Torques on HTS wire Cryocooler Coupler + Brushes
Low Reliability Cooling Times
Magnetized Bulk HTS Very Difficult to Handle Demagnetization
All Superconducting Machines AC Losses on HTS wire
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Reliability?
Stationary SC Coil No Cryogenic Coupler No Brushes No Transient Torque on
SC Simplified Cooling,
Isolation DC Field
No AC losses Maximized Current
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Homopolar HTSG
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Homopolar HTSG
Ozan KEYSAN o.keysan@ed.ac.uk 20
Axial Bipolar HTS Machine
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Bonus: Bipolar Linear HTSG Suitable for WECs
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Transversal Flux HTSG
Claw PoleRotor
Superconducting Coil (Field)
Fixed Structure
Copper Coil (Armature)
Current Direction
Moving Part
x
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Thanks.
OZAN KEYSANo.keysan@ed.ac.uk
www.see.ed.ac.uk/~okeysan