Post on 11-May-2015
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FOOD AND BODY NUTRITION
Prepared by:MARICARR D. ALEGRE
FOOD• Any substance which, when absorbed
into your body tissues, yields materials for the production of energy
• Also provides materials for growth, maintenance and repair of body tissues
NUTRITION• Process by which organisms obtain and use
food
• Nutrients – chemicals in the food ingested in order to grow and remain healthy
Major Groups
1. Those that give energy
2. Those that do not give energy
CALORIE• Unit of energy• Amount of energy needed to raise
the temperature of 1 gram of water to 1 degree Celcius
NUTRIENTS FOR ENERGY
CARBOHYDRATES
• Food nutrients needed mainly to supply energy
• It enters the body in the form of sugar
• It usually presents in food such as rice, bread, root crops, dairy products and sweets such as candies and chocolates
FOODS RICH IN CARBOHYDRATES
FATS• They provide energy to the body like
carbohydrates. The only difference is that it provides more energy than carbohydrates
• It is also a very important structure of the cell membrane(phospholipid bilayer)
• It is also used in the conduction of nerve impulses
FOODS RICH IN FATS
PROTEINS
• Helps in muscle build-up• It also help in growth and repairing of
the body cells• It must be broken down first into amino
acids to be absorbed and used by the body
FOODS RICH IN PROTEIN
NON-ENERGY NUTRIENTS
WATER• It regulates the concentration of minerals • It is a means by which food and other
substances are carried to the cell• Helps in the removal of substances in the
kidney• important in regulating the body temperature• Drinking reasonable amount of water retard the
growth of bacteria and lessen the extent of putrefaction in the intestine
MINERALSMineral Function Source
Calcium Tooth and bone formation,nerve transmission, muscle contraction
Milk and other dairy products, bean curd, dark green vegetables
Phosphorus Bone development, transfer of energy in cells
Most foods
Sodium Nerve transmission, muscle contraction
Meat. Dairy products, salt
Chlorine Formation of hydrochloric acid Salt
Potassium Regulation of heartbeat, maintenance of water balance, nerve transmission
Fruits (especially bananas)
Magnesium Catalyst for ATP formation Nuts, grains, dark green vegetables, sea food, chocolate
Iodine Thyroid activity Seafood, iodized salt
Iron Hemoglobin formation Meat, dark green vegetables, dried fruits
MINERALS RICH FOOD
VITAMINS• Organic substances that is present in very
small amounts of food• Help normalized growth and different body
activities• Deficiency diseases occur when vitamins
are missing from your diet• 2 groups
1. Water soluble such as Vit C and B
2. Fat soluble such as Vit A,D,E and K`
VITAMINSVitamin Role in the Body Signs of
DeficiencyFood Sources
B1 (thiamine) Carbohydrates metabolism, growth,
heart muscle and nerve function
Retarded growth, beriberi, nerve
disorders, fatigue
Seafood, poultry, meat, whole or
enriched grain, green vegetables, milk,
soybean
B2 (riboflavin) Carbohydrate metabolism, growth
Retarded growth, premature aging
Milk, eggs, poultry, yeast, meat,
soybeans, green vegetables
Niacin Growth, carbohydrate metabolism,
digestion, nerve function
Digestive and nervous disturbances
Leafy vegetables, peanut butter,
potatoes, whole or enriched grain, fish,
poultry, meat, tomatoes
B12 Production of red blood cells, nerve
function
anemia liver
VITAMINSVitamin Role in the Body Signs of
DeficiencyFood Sources
C (Ascorbic acid) Growth, healthy gums, anti-stress
Sore gums, susceptibility to
bruising
Citrus fruits, tomatoes, leafy vegetables
A Growth, healthy skin and eyes
Night blindness, changes in epithelial cells, retarded growth
Egg yolks, butter, green and yellow vegetables, organ
meat, fish, liver oils
D Growth, phosphate and calcium metabolism
Poor tooth development, rickets
Milk, liver, eggs, fish, liver oils
E (tocopherol) Protection of cell membranes,
reproductive function
Unknown Vegetable oils, butter, milk, leafy vegetables
K Blood clotting, liver function
Hemorrhage Green vegetables, tomatoes, soybean oil