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CONTEMPORARY PSYCHOANALYTIC
THEORY
By: Elmer R. Abarientos
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CARL JUNGS EGO, THE PERSONAL AND
COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS
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CARL GUSTAV JUNG
Born : 26 July 1875
Kesswil, Thurgau, Switzerland
Died : 6 June 1961 (aged 85) Ksnacht, Zurich, Switzerland
Fields : Psychiatry, psychology,
psychotherapy, analytical psychology
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THE EGO
The Ego is additionally known as the self by
Jung, according to (Jung, 1965) in (Maltby,
Day, & Macaskill, 2010) as humans the ego
is responsible for our feelings of identity. Thisis fundamentally the conscious mind. The
ego is the executive of the individual, making
decisions, learning, growing and obtainingwisdom. (Maltby, Day, & Macaskill, 2010
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THE PERSONAL UNCONSCIOUS
The Personal Unconscious is next to the ego
and holds sheltered private experiences of
an individual from earlier which the
unconscious deems a threat and not part ofthe individuals awareness (Maltby, Day, &
Macaskill, 2010). Describes anything that
can be brought to the conscious mind withease, but isnt presently, including impulses,
fears, traumas and memories.
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THE COLLECTIVE UNCONSCIOUS
The Collective Unconscious (Friedman&Shustask, 2006), is the last element in thepsyche and is made up of archetypes emotional
symbols which are common to all individualstranspersonal than personal from thebeginning of time, in (Pervin & Cervone, 2010)this psychic life is the mind of our ancient
ancestors, the way in which they thought andfelt, the way in which they conceived of life andthe world, of gods and humans beings.
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ERIK ERIKSONS PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES
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ERIK ERIKSON
Erik Erikson was a German-born Americandevelopmental psychologist and psychoanalystknown for his theory on psychosocial
development of human beings. Born: June 15, 1902, Frankfurt, Germany
Died: May 12, 1994, Harwich, Massachusetts,United States
Awards: Pulitzer Prize for General Non-Fiction,Jefferson Lecture, National Book Award forPhilosophy and Religion
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ERIK ERIKSONS PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGES IN
HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
According to the theory, successful completionof each stage results in a healthy personalityand the acquisition of basic virtues. Basicvirtues are characteristic strengths which the
ego can use to resolve subsequent crises. Failure to successfully complete a stage can
result in a reduced ability to complete furtherstages and therefore a more unhealthy
personality and sense of self. These stages,however, can be resolved successfully at a latertime.
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PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGE 1 - TRUST VS. MISTRUST
stage Basic conflict Important event Outcome
Infancy (birth- 18
months
Trust vs Mistrust Feeding Children develop a
sense of trust
when caregivers
provive reliability,
care andaffection.A lack of
this will lead to
mistrust
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PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGE 2 - AUTONOMY VS.
SHAME AND DOUBT
stage Basic Conflict Important event outcomeEarly Childhood (2 to 3 years) Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt Toilet Training Children need to develop a sense
of personal control over physical
skills and a sense of
independence. Success leads to
feelings of autonomy, failure
results in feelings of shame and
doubt.
http://psychology.about.com/od/psychosocialtheories/a/autonomy-versus-shame-and-doubt.htmhttp://psychology.about.com/od/psychosocialtheories/a/autonomy-versus-shame-and-doubt.htm7/27/2019 ELMER - Erik Eriksons Psychosocial Stages
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PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGE 3 - INITIATIVE VS. GUILT
stage Basic conflict Important event outcomePreschool (3 to 5 years) Initiative vs. Guilt Exploration Children need to begin asserting
control and power over the
environment. Success in this stage
leads to a sense of purpose.
Children who try to exert too much
power experience disapproval,
resulting in a sense of guilt.
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PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGE 4 - INDUSTRY VS.
INFERIORITY
stage Basic conflict Important event outcomeSchool Age (6 to 11 years) Industry vs. Inferiority School Children need to cope with new
social and academic demands.
Success leads to a sense of
competence, while failure results
in feelings of inferiority.
http://psychology.about.com/od/psychosocialtheories/a/industry-versus-inferiority.htmhttp://psychology.about.com/od/psychosocialtheories/a/industry-versus-inferiority.htm7/27/2019 ELMER - Erik Eriksons Psychosocial Stages
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PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGE 5 - IDENTITY VS.
CONFUSION
stage Basic conflict Important event outcomeAdolescence (12 to 18 years) Identity vs. Role Confusion Social Relationships Teens need to develop a sense of
self and personal identity. Success
leads to an ability to stay true to
yourself, while failure leads to role
confusion and a weak sense of
self.
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PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGE 6 - INTIMACY VS.
ISOLATION
stage Basic conflict Important event outcomeYoung Adulthood Intimacy vs. Isolation Relationships Young adults need to form
intimate, loving relationships with
other people. Success leads to
strong relationships, while failure
results in loneliness and isolation.
http://psychology.about.com/od/psychosocialtheories/a/intimacy-versus-isolation.htmhttp://psychology.about.com/od/psychosocialtheories/a/intimacy-versus-isolation.htm7/27/2019 ELMER - Erik Eriksons Psychosocial Stages
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PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGE 7 - GENERATIVITY VS.
STAGNATION
stage Basic conflict Important event outcomeMiddle Adulthood) Generativity vs. Stagnation Work and Parenthood Adults need to create or nurture
things that will outlast them, often
by having children or creating a
positive change that benefits other
people. Success leads to feelings
of usefulness and
accomplishment, while failureresults in shallow involvement in
the world.
http://psychology.about.com/od/psychosocialtheories/a/generativity-versus-stagnation.htmhttp://psychology.about.com/od/psychosocialtheories/a/generativity-versus-stagnation.htm7/27/2019 ELMER - Erik Eriksons Psychosocial Stages
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PSYCHOSOCIAL STAGE 8 - INTEGRITY VS.
DESPAIR
stage Basic conflict Important event outcomeMaturity Ego Integrity vs. Despair Reflection on Life Older adults need to look back on
life and feel a sense of fulfillment.
Success at this stage leads to
feelings of wisdom, while failure
results in regret, bitterness, and
despair.
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LIFE IS LIKE RIDING A BICYCLE. TO KEEP
YOUR BALANCE, YOU MUST KEEP MOVING. ALBERT EINSTEIN
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Good Day!