Driving #OurAVFuture: Indiana Event Recap December 4, 2018 at the Salesforce Tower in Indianapolis

Background ThePartnershipforTransportationInnovationandOpportunity(PTIO),whosefoundingmembersincludeTheAmericanTruckingAssociations,Daimler,FedEx,Ford,Lyft,ToyotaMotorNorthAmerica,Uber,andWaymo,iscommittedtoadvancingautonomousvehicle(AV)technologyinwaysthatimprovequalityoflifeandeconomicopportunityforallAmericans.Acknowledgingwedon’thavealloftheanswers,PTIOiscommittedtodevelopinganevidence-basedunderstandingoftheinterplaybetweenAVsandtheworkforce.Thispursuitrequiressolicitingtheaspirations,concerns,andviewpointsofimpactedcommunitiesacrossthecountry.PTIO’stoppriorityistoidentifyandencourageadoptionofpoliciesandprogramsthatwillhelpconnectworkerswithAV-relatedeconomicbenefitsandensurethereareopportunitiesforallworkersduringthetransitiontoafuturewithAVs.Adequatelycapturingnuancesspecifictoregionallabormarketsisfundamentaltothismission.Withthisinmind,PTIOwaspleasedtojumpstartitsnationwidecommunitylisteningtourwitharoundtableconversationinIndianapolis,Indiana.ArecentanalysisfromtheBrookingsInstitutionexploredthequestionofhowthetransitiontodigitalmobility,includingtheswitchtoautonomousvehicles,willimpactworkersintransportation-relatedoccupations.TheirfindingsindicatedthatIndianaisamongtenstateswiththelargestshareofworkerswhocouldbeimpactedbythedeploymentofnewtransportation-relatedtechnology.1Attendees PTIOwashonoredthatstateelectedandappointedofficialschosetotakepartinthediscussion.DistinguishedparticipantsincludedSecretaryBlairMilo,OfficeofCareerConnectionsandTalent;CommissionerJoeMcGuinness,IndianaDepartmentofTransportation;MayorKarenFreeman-Wilson,Gary,Indiana;SenatorMichaelCrider,ChairoftheCommitteeonHomelandSecurity&Transportation;andRepresentativeHolliSullivan,ChairoftheCommitteeonRoadsandTransportation.StaffmembersfromtheIndianaDepartmentof

1TheBrookingsInstitution’sMetropolitanPolicyProgram,“HowbigcouldtheAVindustrybe?9.5millionworkersandcounting,”J.KaneandA.Tomer,November15,2018.

Transportation,RepresentativeSusanBrooks’office,andSenatorToddYoung’sofficewereinattendanceaswell.Alsojoiningtheconversationwereparticipantsfromindustry,academia,andnonprofitorganizations.PTIOwasgratefultogaintheinsightsofrepresentativesfromthePurdueSchoolofEngineeringandTechnology;IndianaUniversity;ConexusIN;Salesforce;ProjectLeadtheWay;theIndianaMotorTruckAssociation;theIndianaManufacturers’Association;FedEx;Cummins;ToyotaMotorNorthAmerica;ToyotaMotorManufacturingIndiana;andtheAmericanTruckingAssociations.Roundtable Agenda Items Thediscussionwasdividedintothreesubtopics:Indiana+ItsWorkforce,Public-PrivatePartnerships+WorkforceDevelopment,andExistingResearch+PursuingaLocalUnderstanding.Areviewofeachportionoftheconversationisbelow.Indiana + Its Workforce. InordertoframetheconversationandprovideinformationrelevanttoIndiana’sworkforcechallengesandsuccesses,SecretaryBlairMilodeliveredremarksoutliningrecent,state-specificinitiatives.SecretaryMiloleadsthestate’sOfficeofCareerConnectionsandTalent,andinthatcapacityistaskedwithconnectingindividualswithtrainingopportunitiesthatleadtocareerpathways.EquallyimportantisherroleincultivatingIndiana’stalentpoolsothatHoosiersarepreparedtomeettheneedsofthefuture.Notingthatsomeprojectionsestimatethat85percentofjobsthatastudentinKindergartenwilltakeasanadultdonotyetexist2,SecretaryMiloexplainedthatthestateisfocusedoncreatinganimbleeducationandtrainingsystemcapableofrespondingtoanAV-enabled,dynamiceconomy.Aspartofits“NextLevelJobsInitiative,”Indianahasestablishedtwofundingstreams:TheWorkforceReadyGrantandtheEmployerTrainingGrant.Theformeroffersfinancialassistancetostudentsseekingtrainingincertainin-demandindustries;studentsmayenrollatqualifyingprogramsatIvyTechCommunityCollegeLocations,VincennesUniversity,andothereligibletrainingproviders.TheEmployerTrainingGrantprovidesreimbursementtoemployersincertainhigh-wage,in-demandindustriesatupto$5,000pereachemployeetheyprovidetraining.Asofthedateofthisroundtable,theWorkforceReadyGranthasseen4,000individualscompletetrainingwith11,000enrollmentssinceAugustof2018.Justunder$14millionhadbeenobligatedfortheEmployerTrainingGrant.Additionally,atthecoreofIndiana’sfocusoneducationandworkforcesystemsisanemphasisonrethinkingtheexistingpipelinesfeedingjobsinthestate.AsthefieldarmofGovernorHolcomb’sworkforcecabinet,SecretaryMiloservesasgroup’sprimarybootsonthegroundoperativewhobringstheirworkacrossthestateandintolocalcommunities.TheworkforcecabinetrecentlyproducedasetofrecommendationsspecifictotheK-12educationpipeline,a

2InstitutefortheFuture,“Thenexteraofhuman|machinepartnerships,emergingtechnologies’impactonsociety&workin2030.”

segmentofwhichtheyhaveaptlynamed,the“Engage,Explore,andExperienceModel.”Underthisrecommendation,elementarystudentsingradeskindergartenthrough5thgradewouldundergoearly“engagement”withwhatworkis;includingearlyelementsthatareage-appropriate.Studentsin6ththrough8thgradewouldthenbeexposedtoopportunitiesto“explore”differentcareers,honinginonwhatcareerstheyareinterestedorlessinterestedin.Bydoingso,thesestudentswillbepreparedto“experience”elementsofcareerstheyidentifyofinteresttothemduringgrades9through12.Anon-negotiablepieceofthispuzzleisemployerandindustryengagementinthepipeline;SecretaryMiloexplainedthatIndianaisengagingthebusinesscommunitythroughouttheK-12modelsoastomaximizethenimble-factorthestatehasidentifiedasnecessarytoimpartonthesystem.Involvingindustryateachstepiscrucialinformingastructurethatimmediatelyrespondstoskillsastheychangeovertimeandinallowingstudentstobringthoseskillstomarketquicker.AttendeesproceededtodiscusswhereIndianacouldfocusfutureeffortstowardpromotinganimbleworkforcedevelopmentandeducationsystem,andwhatchallengeslieahead.Therewasageneralagreementthatthestate’scareerandtechnicalcenters–whichservehighschoolers–arelargelyunder-utilized.MayorKarenFreeman-WilsonofGary,Indianaspoketotheunrealizedpotentialofthesecentersacrossthestate,notingthatthecommunitycollegeanduniversitysystemiswell-positionedtoworkwiththeseexistingentitiestodeliveraspectrumofeducationopportunitiestostudents,infusingtheirlearningwithelementsandskillssupportingtheworldofautonomousvehicles,artificialintelligence,andotheremergingtechnologies.TheMayorwentontosuggestthatemployerscouldhelpgreatlyinharnessingthepotentialofcareercenters,includingthroughsponsoringprogramsdeliveredtostudentsatayoungerageinordertofosterawarenessofcareerssupportedthroughthesecenters.Onthatnote,RepresentativeHolliSullivanarguedthatcareercentersareimpactedmorebyemployersthaneducators,andthatcareercentersthatresembleanactualworkplacemaybemoreenticingtoprospectivestudents.Achievingthis,though,isincumbentuponemployer-collaborationwitheducators.OtherparticipantswentontodescribeobstaclesthatpreventordissuadeemployersfromenteringtheK-12pipeline.Forexample,fromatruckingindustryperspective,thereareregulatoryhurdlesthatinhibitmotivationamonginterstatecarrierstorecruitfromthisagegroupduetoagelimitsondrivingtrucksacrossstatelines(mustbe21yearsorolder).ParticipantsalsoraisedconcernoverthefutureofmanufacturinginIndiana–anindustrywhichcurrentlyenjoysprominenceinthestate.Indiana’sDepartmentofTransportationhasbeenworkingwiththeiruniversitypartnerstoexaminehowmanufacturerscanbenefitfromemergingtechnologieslikeautonomousvehiclesandartificialintelligenceandensurethatthestatedoesnotloseitscompetitiveadvantageintheautomotivemanufacturingspace.Participantsagreedthatensuringexistingjobsandtheworkersthatfillthemareabletoevolveinresponsetoemergingtechnologiesiscritical;butequallyimportantisaddressinghowtoensuretheseexistingjobsremaininstate.

Public-Private Partnerships + Workforce Development. Buildingupontheprevioussegment’sdiscussiononemployerandindustryinvolvementintheeducationpipeline,PTIOmemberRobertChiappettaofToyotaMotorNorthAmericadeliveredremarksonpublic-privatepartnershipsandtheirroleinworkforcedevelopmentefforts.OneofPTIO’sobjectivesistounderstandthedifferencesacrossstates,regions,andcommunities,andthevariousnuancesrelatedtodifferingresourcesorparticipationinthetransportationindustry.Gaininganunderstandingofthesevariancesiscrucialtoinformfutureworkforcedevelopmentpoliciesandprograms.TimHollanderofToyotaManufacturingIndianawentontospeakaboutToyota’sAdvancedManufacturingTechnician(AMT)Program.TheAMTprogramhasbeenamodelofsuccessforpublic-privatepartnershipsinworkforcedevelopmentandhasaffordedToyotatheopportunitytonotonlybuildaskilledpooloftalent,butalsotolearnwhatiseffectiveinapartnership.Timnotedthatthecompanywasstrugglingtofindworkerswhowereskilledacrossthegradientoftasksrequiredintoday’sadvancedmanufacturingenvironment;essentially,individualswere“single-skilled.”InpartneringwithVincennesUniversityinIndiana,theAMTprogramwasabletocreateacurriculumresponsivetothisneedandhasresultedinindividualswhocompletetheprogramandgainproficiencyintheyvarietyofskillsneededinadvancedmanufacturingtoday–theyare“multi-skilled.”TheAMTprogramalsoplacesafocusonso-called,“soft-skills”–thosenon-technicalattributessuchasteamwork,communication,andcriticalthinking.Alloftheabovehasresultedinapoolofworkersthatarepreparedtofilljobsacrossindustryandemployers,notjustwithinToyota.Withthis,Toyotahascreatedwhatcouldbedescribedasaninclusivecareerpipeline.Robertproceededtonotethisasanattributetoacknowledge,arguingthatitwouldbefoolishforanemployertobelievethattheycan“buildfourwallsaroundtheirpipelineandprotectitastheirown.”Itisincumbentuponthebusinesscommunitytoengageasmanypartnersaspossiblesothatregionally,thepipelineisstrong;itisimportantforplayersupanddownthesupplychaintofeelasiftheyhaveaccesstothatpooloftalentandcanmeettheirownneeds.Thinkingaboutpipelinesinawaythatengagesstakeholdersacrosstheregionisessentialsoastoavoidasituationwhereemployersareforcedto“poach”talentfromoneanother.AsemergingtechnologieslikeAVstakehold,partnershipslikethiswillbeimportantinensuringtalentneedsaremet,butalsosoimpactedcommunitiesareabletorespondtoshiftsinexistingoccupations.ParticipantsproceededtodiscussexperiencesrelatedtopublicandprivatepartnershipsandworkforcedevelopmentprogramsinIndiana,includingsuccessesandchallenges.MayorFreeman-Wilsonacknowledgedthatthescalabilityoftheseprogramsisabsolutelyessentialinareaswherethemajoremployerpartner–likeToyotaorFedEx–maynotnecessarilybepresent.Shenotedthattherearevariousstate-basedandnationalassociations,suchastheAssociationofIndianaMunicipalitiesandtheNationalLeagueofCities,whoarethinkingabouttheseissuesandcouldbevaluablepartnersindeploymentofworkforcedevelopmentprogramstounderservedpopulations.Additionally,anotherparticipantpointedtotheworkthatIndianapolis’CenterforLeadershipDevelopmentisundertakingtoprovideyouthwithskillsandexperiencesrelatedtocharacterbuilding,confidence,andthevarioussoftskillsthatothers

haveidentifiedaresometimeshardtocultivate.Thisisaholisticapproachthatisnotcareer-specificbutratherlaysthegroundworkforanindividualtorealizesuccessinanarrayofsectors.Amongthechallengesthatparticipantsidentifiedincludedshiftingdemographicsanddifferencesamongtheyoungergeneration.Theelementaryandsecondarystudentsoftodayareexposedtotechnologyatayoungage,anditpermeatestheactivities–schoolorotherwise–inwhichtheyengage.Changingthenarrativearoundsomeofthesecareers–whethertraditionallyadrivingoccupationormanufacturing–iscrucialastheytoowillbeincreasinglytechnology-based.Todothis,“educatingoureducators”aboutthisrealityisvital.AparticipantfromCumminsalsoofferedananecdotefromherowncompany.Cummins’leadershipteamiscomprisedofformertechniciansanddeliveringthismessagetoparents–thatcompaniesliketoinvestinandretaintheirowntalentbyencouragingthemtoseekotheropportunitiestheyareinterestedin–isimportantinshiftingthenarrative.Existing Research + Pursuing a Local Understanding. Thediscussionconcludedwithasegmentfocusingontheimportanceofresearchinunderstandingthefullimpactthatautonomousvehicleswillhaveontheworkforce.WhiletherehasbeenrecentworkonthetopicthatPTIOisencouragedby,furtherstudyisneeded.ParticipantsdiscussedtheUSDepartmentofTransportation’srecentrequestforpublicinputontheirplanstoconductastudyontheimpactautonomousvehicleswillhaveontheworkforce.PTIOsubmittedcommentstotheDepartmentinwhichtheyoutlinedresearchgapsintheexistingbodyofresearchspecifictoAVsandtheworkforcethatareripeforfurtherexploration.PTIOdoesnotclaimtohavealloftheanswersbutintendstosupportfurtherresearcheffortsandalsoinspireotherstostudythetopicaswecollectivelyandthoughtfullyconsiderwhatworklookslikeinanAV-enabledfuture.TotheextentthatAVswillimpactexistingjobsandpotentiallycauseunintendeddisruption,thiswilllikelyvarybyregionandacrosscommunities.Therefore,solicitingtheaspirations,concerns,andquestionsofstakeholdersinIndianaiscrucialtoidentifyingwherefurtherstate-specificstudymaybeneeded.SecretaryBlairMiloofferedvaluableinsightsintowhereresearchmaybetargetedwithrespecttoIndiana-specificquestions.Shehighlightedfurtherstudyintotheideaof“braindrain”inthestate.Thereisaneedtoexaminetheextenttowhichhighschoolsandthepostsecondaryeducationsystemisproducinggraduateswhoareequippedtofindemploymentwithinthestateratherthanrelocateforanopportunityofinteresttothemorgermanetotheirdegree.Specifically:isthereadisparityinIndianabetweenthecareersconveyedasopposedtothedemandthatexistsinstate?And,howdoestherelationshipbetweenwagesandcredentialsplayaroleinthisconversation,particularlywithrespecttohowcredentialsaredeveloped?Further,SecretaryMilonotedthatthestateuniversitysystemiswell-positionedtotakeonthisstudyandothersasAVscontinuetobedevelopedanddeployed,notingthattheyarevaluablepartnersinthispursuit.