Post on 13-Apr-2015
description
Behavior based safety and Situational awareness
PAGE 2
Behavior based safety and Situational awareness
BY CAPT CHANDERGUPT MEHTA – BROSTROM OFFICERS SEMINAR 20 AUG09
Welcome to a
presentation on
Behavior Based Safety
and
Situational awareness
PAGE 3
PAGE 4Behavioral based safety and situational awareness
Behavior is a contributory factor in more than 85% of
accidents, and one of the greatest challenges facing those
responsible for health & safety in the workplace.
Behavior-Based Safety is a process that helps seafarer identify and
choose a safe behavior over an unsafe one
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 5What makes us take Risks
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 6
Why we do need BBS and SA
• BBS touches the root cause of accidents .Unsafe behaviors are at the
core of any near misses, injury , accidents. If we control unsafe
behaviors , we may not even have near miss and vetting observations
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 7
SBC model
• The SBC model is based on asking what is an Situational , Behavior
and Consequence
• An Situation is something that exists or happens before a behavior is
performed. A trigger.
• A BEHAVIOUR is an observable act. What can be observed can be
controlled
• A CONSEQUENCE is what results from a behavior
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 8
BBA AND SA
So through BBS and SA we can reduce the risk to the seafarer
,Equipment, environment as well as the company reputation.
SAFETYACTIVITIES
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
Zero INCIDENTS
PAGE 9Consequence Qualities
All consequences can be broken down and found to consist of the following qualities:
Timing – sooner or later
Consistency – certain or uncertain
Significance – positive or negative
Perception of consequences influences the Behavior . If every one takes action after
consequence it is reactive. But if we observe and
give feedback and recify then it become pro active for the future
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 10
Paradox of safety /Human element
• Further, most unsafe behaviors can be rewarding. For example…Being praised for taking
a short cut to finish a job quickly
• Getting home quicker! The Paradox of Safety states, Most safe behaviors are punishing.
For example….
• Discomfort wearing a respirator or safety goggles/safety helmet
• Extra time taken to get the correct tool
• Having to complete forms such as a hot work permit, etc.,
before starting a job
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 11What is BBS? It’s a Continuous Improvement Process
• Behavior-Based Safety is a process that helps seafarer identify and
choose a safe behavior over an unsafe one.
• The Behavior-Based Process
• DECIDE…Decide a time you are going to observe a person at Work
• STOP…Stop within 5 feet of the person
• OBSERVE…Observe the person to see if they are following established
procedures – Are they working safely and is the work station conducive to a
safe work environment?
• ACT…Re-enforce safe behavior and correct unsafe behavior – Be sure the
person knows the correct behavior, and its importance
• The Behaviors Based Safety Process on the vessel is by the seafarer , of
the seafarer , for the seafarer
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 12
benefits
The true benefits of safety improvement is about
people:
a) Injuries are prevented and lives are saved
b) Seafarer will be spared disabling
injuries and lost time from work
c) Seafarer will come home
to their families safely
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 13
Situational Awareness
Why SA
Investigations across various industry have shown
that 60-85% of the human error was due to
problems with situation Awareness.
Studies of accidents in maritime operations support
the notion that loss of situational awareness plays
a significant role in incidents attributed to human
error
SA -
Knowing what is going on around you
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 14
Risk Management
Good news
The good news – Problems and mishaps always happen
to other Guy
The bad News – to every one else , you are the other
guy
For a good Risk assessment you require Good SA .
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 15
LEVEL 1 SA Looking and Perceiving
Level 1 SA looking and Perceiving
What do we see when we look? Do we see what is out there
in the world, or do we see only what we expect to see? The answer is that we do see what is in our environment, but we
tend to see more of what we expect to see. In short, what
we see depends to some extent on what we already know.
Because looking for information in the situation depends on
knowledge you already have about what you are looking for, Learning to improve your SA can therefore only occur if
you are also widening your knowledge of ISM/TMSA and various simulators
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 16Level 2SA thinking and understanding
Level 2SA thinking and understanding
Is where we think about and understand the
meaning of that information
When we see following tide on stbd quarter any
alternation to stbd increase rate of turn and it will
be Difficult to return back to port .
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 17Level 2SA thinking and understanding
PAGE 18Level 3 SA anticipation
Level 3 SA anticipation
The next step, that is only possible when the first
two processes are working, is to anticipate what is
going to happen in time and space .
Anticipation is how we begin to see accidents
before they happen and make good decisions in order to carry out defensive actions
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 19
SA Simulation
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 20
SA – Use of non intrinsically torch on tanker
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 21
Breaking the behavior barrier
Understanding hazardous behavior
Pride – Accepting challenges beyond capabilities or not asking questions
Hero – I am the hero I can do anything
Invulnerability –
This cannot happen to me –
Example – smoking , unproductive sex with various partners ,
Fatalistic – What has to happen will happen irrespective of what we do
Complacency- It can never happen to me
Summit fever – Desire to reach summit /LC at any cost
Naivety - New the job and not aware of risk , not familiar with vessel
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 22
SA exercise
Torn chemical protective suit – SA
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 23
Over loaded vessel and life boat stand by in case vessel sinks
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar
PAGE 24
ON BOARD BBS and SA training
PAGE 25
Safe Behavior
PAGE 26
BBS and SA
PAGE 27
SA and BBS
PAGE 28
Group Exercise
PAGE 29
Group Exercise
PAGE 30
Any questions
Lets have an incident free year
and build up behavior
safety and Situational awareness
20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar