Behavior based safety and Situational awareness

Behavior based safety and Situational awareness

BY CAPT CHANDERGUPT MEHTA – BROSTROM OFFICERS SEMINAR 20 AUG09

Welcome to a

presentation on

Behavior Based Safety

and

Situational awareness

Behavioral based safety and situational awareness

Behavior is a contributory factor in more than 85% of

accidents, and one of the greatest challenges facing those

responsible for health & safety in the workplace.

Behavior-Based Safety is a process that helps seafarer identify and

choose a safe behavior over an unsafe one

20 August 2009Officers’ Seminar

What makes us take Risks


Why we do need BBS and SA

• BBS touches the root cause of accidents .Unsafe behaviors are at the

core of any near misses, injury , accidents. If we control unsafe

behaviors , we may not even have near miss and vetting observations


SBC model

• The SBC model is based on asking what is an Situational , Behavior

and Consequence

• An Situation is something that exists or happens before a behavior is

performed. A trigger.

• A BEHAVIOUR is an observable act. What can be observed can be

controlled

• A CONSEQUENCE is what results from a behavior


BBA AND SA

So through BBS and SA we can reduce the risk to the seafarer

,Equipment, environment as well as the company reputation.

SAFETYACTIVITIES


Zero INCIDENTS

Consequence Qualities

All consequences can be broken down and found to consist of the following qualities:

Timing – sooner or later

Consistency – certain or uncertain

Significance – positive or negative

Perception of consequences influences the Behavior . If every one takes action after

consequence it is reactive. But if we observe and

give feedback and recify then it become pro active for the future


Paradox of safety /Human element

• Further, most unsafe behaviors can be rewarding. For example…Being praised for taking

a short cut to finish a job quickly

• Getting home quicker! The Paradox of Safety states, Most safe behaviors are punishing.

For example….

• Discomfort wearing a respirator or safety goggles/safety helmet

• Extra time taken to get the correct tool

• Having to complete forms such as a hot work permit, etc.,

before starting a job


What is BBS? It’s a Continuous Improvement Process

• Behavior-Based Safety is a process that helps seafarer identify and

choose a safe behavior over an unsafe one.

• The Behavior-Based Process

• DECIDE…Decide a time you are going to observe a person at Work

• STOP…Stop within 5 feet of the person

• OBSERVE…Observe the person to see if they are following established

procedures – Are they working safely and is the work station conducive to a

safe work environment?

• ACT…Re-enforce safe behavior and correct unsafe behavior – Be sure the

person knows the correct behavior, and its importance

• The Behaviors Based Safety Process on the vessel is by the seafarer , of

the seafarer , for the seafarer


benefits

The true benefits of safety improvement is about

people:

a) Injuries are prevented and lives are saved

b) Seafarer will be spared disabling

injuries and lost time from work

c) Seafarer will come home

to their families safely


Situational Awareness

Why SA

Investigations across various industry have shown

that 60-85% of the human error was due to

problems with situation Awareness.

Studies of accidents in maritime operations support

the notion that loss of situational awareness plays

a significant role in incidents attributed to human

error

SA -

Knowing what is going on around you


Risk Management

Good news

The good news – Problems and mishaps always happen

to other Guy

The bad News – to every one else , you are the other

guy

For a good Risk assessment you require Good SA .


LEVEL 1 SA Looking and Perceiving

Level 1 SA looking and Perceiving

What do we see when we look? Do we see what is out there

in the world, or do we see only what we expect to see? The answer is that we do see what is in our environment, but we

tend to see more of what we expect to see. In short, what

we see depends to some extent on what we already know.

Because looking for information in the situation depends on

knowledge you already have about what you are looking for, Learning to improve your SA can therefore only occur if

you are also widening your knowledge of ISM/TMSA and various simulators


Level 2SA thinking and understanding


Is where we think about and understand the

meaning of that information

When we see following tide on stbd quarter any

alternation to stbd increase rate of turn and it will

be Difficult to return back to port .


Level 3 SA anticipation

Level 3 SA anticipation

The next step, that is only possible when the first

two processes are working, is to anticipate what is

going to happen in time and space .

Anticipation is how we begin to see accidents

before they happen and make good decisions in order to carry out defensive actions


SA Simulation


SA – Use of non intrinsically torch on tanker


Breaking the behavior barrier

Understanding hazardous behavior

Pride – Accepting challenges beyond capabilities or not asking questions

Hero – I am the hero I can do anything

Invulnerability –

This cannot happen to me –

Example – smoking , unproductive sex with various partners ,

Fatalistic – What has to happen will happen irrespective of what we do

Complacency- It can never happen to me

Summit fever – Desire to reach summit /LC at any cost

Naivety - New the job and not aware of risk , not familiar with vessel


SA exercise

Torn chemical protective suit – SA


Over loaded vessel and life boat stand by in case vessel sinks


ON BOARD BBS and SA training

Safe Behavior

BBS and SA

SA and BBS

Group Exercise

Any questions

Lets have an incident free year

and build up behavior

safety and Situational awareness


Behavior based safety and Situational awareness

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