Athens as it might have looked at the height of its power

Ancient Greece became famous for its philosophers

Serious minded individuals

who did a lot of thinking

One of the first was

THALES

He was very into water. The basic substance of the world was water

When the water was warmed up

Gasses were formed

When the water was cooled down

It was responsible for everything solid in the

world

Then there was

HERACLITUS

He recognized the theory of opposites

That which goes up

Then there was

HERACLITUS

He recognized the theory of opposites

That which goes up

Also comes down BLAM

Time to get up

HERACLITUSHeraclitus believed that there had to be opposites in life.

If one has hot then there has to be cold.

If there is good then there has to be bad

If there is peace there has to be strife

NOTHING said

HERACLITUS ever remains the same. Everything changes. Everything is in a state of flux

“NOTHING” said

HERACLITUS “ever remains the same. Everything changes. Everything is in a state of flux”

It is impossible to step into the same river twice. By the time your second boot goes in, the river has changed. The only permanent thing in the world is that everything changes.

What about

CRATYLUSHe was a pupil of Heraclitus

He maintained that nothing was permanent.

By the time one had finished speaking

The words and the meaning of the sentence will have changed and gone!

It’s not over yet because there’s

PARMENIDESThe world was formed from some unchanging substance.

He had a pupil Zeno

He denied

TIME

VARIETY

MOTION

The world is made of basic matter which can never change

ZENO and his paradoxes Presenting Achilles and the Tortoise

The tortoise challenged Achilles to a race

The tortoise is given a start. In any given time the runner covers half the distance to the tortoise, but of course by then the tortoise has moved on, so the runner can never catch him up!

Finally you should know about

DEMOCRITUSHe believed that the world was made up of single indivisible units he called ATOMS.

Each atom has a form and shape which cannot change, but these atoms, he thought, were constantly moving and re arranging themselves. This caused movement, changes of shape and even changes of colour.