The Greeks Sparta vs. Athens. Two different city-states Sparta Sparta Athens Athens.
Athens as it might have looked at the height of its power.
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Transcript of Athens as it might have looked at the height of its power.
Athens as it might have looked at the height of its power
Ancient Greece became famous for its philosophers
Serious minded individuals
who did a lot of thinking
One of the first was
THALES
He was very into water. The basic substance of the world was water
When the water was warmed up
Gasses were formed
When the water was cooled down
It was responsible for everything solid in the
world
Then there was
HERACLITUS
He recognized the theory of opposites
That which goes up
Then there was
HERACLITUS
He recognized the theory of opposites
That which goes up
Also comes down BLAM
Time to get up
HERACLITUSHeraclitus believed that there had to be opposites in life.
If one has hot then there has to be cold.
If there is good then there has to be bad
If there is peace there has to be strife
NOTHING said
HERACLITUS ever remains the same. Everything changes. Everything is in a state of flux
“NOTHING” said
HERACLITUS “ever remains the same. Everything changes. Everything is in a state of flux”
It is impossible to step into the same river twice. By the time your second boot goes in, the river has changed. The only permanent thing in the world is that everything changes.
What about
CRATYLUSHe was a pupil of Heraclitus
He maintained that nothing was permanent.
By the time one had finished speaking
The words and the meaning of the sentence will have changed and gone!
It’s not over yet because there’s
PARMENIDESThe world was formed from some unchanging substance.
He had a pupil Zeno
He denied
TIME
VARIETY
MOTION
The world is made of basic matter which can never change
ZENO and his paradoxes Presenting Achilles and the Tortoise
The tortoise challenged Achilles to a race
The tortoise is given a start. In any given time the runner covers half the distance to the tortoise, but of course by then the tortoise has moved on, so the runner can never catch him up!
Finally you should know about
DEMOCRITUSHe believed that the world was made up of single indivisible units he called ATOMS.
Each atom has a form and shape which cannot change, but these atoms, he thought, were constantly moving and re arranging themselves. This caused movement, changes of shape and even changes of colour.
