ANIMAL CELLS & PLANT CELLS

BELL WORK

What are three differences between plant & animal cells?

Plants vs. Animals

There are three main differences between plant and animal cells:

1. Plant cells have a cell wall.

Animal Cells do not.

Plants vs. Animals

2. Plant cells have chloroplasts and Animal Cells do not.

Plants vs. Animals

3. Plant cells have larger vacuoles (storage spaces)

Organelles

What Is An Organelle?

Organelles = little organs that perform specific jobs in the cell

Organelles are found in eukaryotic cells but not prokaryotic cells.

Plant and Animal cells are both examples of eukaryotic cells with organelles

Plant and Animal cells contain many of the same organelles, but there are several differences (mentioned in today’s bell-work)

Nucleus

Job: Controls the Cell

Contains DNA with coded instructions for cell functions.

In a Factory- Boss

Nuclei contain:

Nucleolus- a small, dense region where the assembly of ribosomes begins.

Nuclear envelope- The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope composed of two membranes. These membranes have nuclear pores which allow materials to move into and out of the nucleus.

MitochondriaLooks like: a

bean

Job: powerhouse of the cell-it produces the energy in the form of ATP

In a factory: generator

(energy source)

Mitochondria

Ribosomes

Looks like: Small particles of RNA in the cytoplasm and on the ER

Job: make proteins (protein synthesis)

In a factory: workers

Endoplasmic Reticulum

Looks like: internal membrane system next to the nucleus (rough ER has ribosomes, smooth ER does not)

Job: transports materials Synthesize proteins/

enzymes

In a factory: conveyor belt

Smooth ER & Rough ER

Smooth ER- Smooth ER (SER) acts as a storage organelle. It is important in the creation and storage of lipids and steroids.

Rough ER- Rough ER (RER) is very important in the synthesis and packaging of proteins. Ribosomes are attached to the membrane of the ER, making it “rough.”

Golgi Apparatus

Looks like: stack of membranes

Job: Packs, sorts, and ships proteins & other materials

In a factory: packaging center

Cell Membrane(Plasma Membrane)

Looks like: layered

membrane (called a lipid

bilayer) surrounding the

cell but inside of the cell wall

Job: “the regulator”

-controls what comes in and

out of the cell, protects, and supports the cell

In a factory: security guards

Cell Wall

Looks like: thick layer outside the plasma membrane

Job: structure and support

In a factory: Cement wall

Lysosome

Looks like: small, sac-like organ

Job: breaks down wastes

In a factory: recycling center

Chloroplast

Looks like: green stacks of membranes the contain chlorophyll

Job: perform photosynthesis (convert sunlight into energy)

In the factory: greenhouse

Vacuole

Looks like: sac-like organ. HUGE in plant cells

Job: stores water, food, and waste

In a factory: storage room

Centrioles

Centrioles are made of microtubules.

Job: They play a central role in organizing cell division.

Cytoplasm

The cytoplasm is the portion of the cell outside of the nucleus. Material in the cell membrane (not including the nucleus).

Organelle Function

Nucleus: Contains the DNA and RNA and manufactures

proteins

Nucleolus: In nuclei where ribosomes are synthesized.

Nuclear Envelope: Membrane of lipids and proteins that surrounds nucleus

Centrioles: structure that appears during mitosis(cell division)

Mitochondria: Energy producers of the cell

Ribosomes: Produce proteins

Organelle Function

Golgi Bodies: Packages Proteins

Chloroplasts: Involved in photosynthesis

Vacuoles: Store waste, nutrients, and water

Lysosome: Contains digestive enzymes, mostly in animal cells.

Endoplasmic Reticulum: Passageway that transports proteins from the nucleus

Rough ER is covered in ribosomes, Smooth ER is not!

Exit Ticket

Create a Venn Diagram to compare/ contrast Animal and Plant Cells