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2.1 Plant & Animal Cells

I will be able to label a plant and animal cell.

I will be able to describe the function of various cell organelles.

Cell Theory

1. All living things are made up of one or

more cells.

2. The cell is the simplest unit that can

carry out all life processes.

3. All cells come from other cells; they do

not come from non-living matter.

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Cell Organelles• These are smaller parts of the cells that perform a

specific function.

• Cytoplasm:

– Made up of mainly water

– Many chemical reactions take place here

– All organelles are suspended in it.

• Cell Membrane:

– Double layered membrane

– Supports the cell and allows materials to enter and exit the cell.

Cell Organelles Cont’d

• Nucleus:

– Contains genetic information that controls cells activities

– Contains the chromosomes – which are made up of DNA

• Mitochondria:

– Make energy for the cells, cellular respiration converts glucose to energy (there are lots of little reactions that make up the one big reaction)

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Cell Organelles Cont’d• Endoplasmic Reticulum:

– Transports materials throughout the cell.

– It extends throughout the cytoplasm and is continuous from the nuclear membrane to the cell membrane.

• Golgi Bodies:

– Collect and process materials to be removed from the cells.

– Secrete mucus.

Cell Organelles Cont’d

• Vacuoles:

– A fluid filled sac

– Function varies cell to cell

– Animal cells have many small vacuoles

– Plant cells usually have one large vacuole

• Maintains turgor pressure (helps support the

plant)

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Cell Organelles – PLANT Cells Only

• Cell Wall:

– Found just outside the cell membrane

– It is rigid but porous structure made of cellulose.

– It provides support for plants

• Chloroplasts:

– Contain chlorophyll

– Inside the chloroplasts is where photosynthesis takes place.

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cj8d

DTHGJBY

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Today’s Tasks

• Label the cells on the reverse side of your

worksheet.

• Add definitions for prokaryotic cells and

eukaryotic cells to your note

• Pg. 32 #2, 5, 8