Animal and Plant Cells

Animal vs. Plant Cell

Animal Plant

Cell Structures

• Parts or small organs of the cell

• Organelles• Each have a

specialized function

Plasma Membrane

• Surrounds the cell• system that allows nutrients to enter the

cell and waste products to leave

Nucleus• A large, membrane-bound structure • containing the cell's hereditary material• controls its metabolism, growth, and reproduction.

Nucleolus

• Inside nucleus• Protein• Makes RNA

Cytoplasm

• Protoplasm between the cell membrane and nucleus

Ribosomes

• Round• Made of proteins and RNA• Assemble amino acids to make proteins• Free floating in cytoplasm• On ER

ER

• Endoplasmic Reticulum • Membranes within the cytoplasm of cells

involved in the synthesis, modification, and transport of cellular materials.

Rough ER

• Contain ribosomes• Modifies and makes

proteins

Smooth ER

• No ribosomes• synthesis of lipids• Metabolizes

carbohydrates • Detoxification of

drugs and poisons

Mitochondria

• Converts food molecules to energy, ATP

Golgi Apparatus

• Packaging structure

• Packages and stores molecules

• Secretes them for later use

Lysosome

• Digestive sacs• Destroy old worn out

organelles• Gets rid of bacteria

Cilia

• Tiny hairs

• Helps the cell move

Flagella

• Tail

• Whips to move cell

Plant Cell Structures

• Plant cells are slightly different from animals cell because they can photosynthesize

Cell Wall

• The rigid outermost cell layer found in plants and certain algae, bacteria, and fungi

• Composed of cellulose

• Give plant stems and wood their stiffness

Chlorophyll

• Green pigments

Vacuole

• A small cavity in the cytoplasm of a cell

• bound by a single membrane

• contains water, food, or metabolic waste.

Chloroplast

• A chlorophyll-containing plastid found in algal and green plant cells

• Give plants “Green” color

• Site of photosynthesis