Post on 25-Dec-2015
American Life in the Roaring Twenties
American Life in the Roaring Twenties
American PageantChapter 31
American PageantChapter 31
Immigration and ImportsImmigration and Imports
In the 1920s, America turned inward (isolationism), denounced communism and socialism, and clanged shut the door of immigration with tariffs
In the 1920s, America turned inward (isolationism), denounced communism and socialism, and clanged shut the door of immigration with tariffs
The Red ScareThe Red Scare
After the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, Americans had a fear of Communism. Laborers (unions) were lumped together with communists.
After the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, Americans had a fear of Communism. Laborers (unions) were lumped together with communists.
The Red ScareThe Red ScareAttorney General A.
Mitchell Palmer conducted the Palmer Raids which rounded up thousands of “communists”.
Some 249 communists were sent back to Russia on the “Soviet Ark”.
Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer conducted the Palmer Raids which rounded up thousands of “communists”.
Some 249 communists were sent back to Russia on the “Soviet Ark”.
The Red ScareThe Red Scare The trial of Sacco and
Vanzetti was conducted in the height of the Red Scare and resulted in their being executed on questionable evidence.
Courts may have been prejudiced against them because of their nationality, anarchism , draft dodger status and atheist status.
The trial of Sacco and Vanzetti was conducted in the height of the Red Scare and resulted in their being executed on questionable evidence.
Courts may have been prejudiced against them because of their nationality, anarchism , draft dodger status and atheist status.
The Red ScareThe Red Scare
As a result of the aforementioned, the ACLU or American Civil Liberties Union was formed by Felix Frankfurter
As a result of the aforementioned, the ACLU or American Civil Liberties Union was formed by Felix Frankfurter
The Rebirth of the KKKThe Rebirth of the KKK
Radical hate group originally founded by Nathan Bedford Forest after the Civil War (1861-1865)
Reconstituted by Willaim J. Fitzsimmons
Radical hate group originally founded by Nathan Bedford Forest after the Civil War (1861-1865)
Reconstituted by Willaim J. Fitzsimmons
The Rebirth of the KKKThe Rebirth of the KKK
Anti Foreign Catholic Black Jewish Pacifist Communist Internationist Anti-Evolutionalist Bootlegger Gambling Adultery Birth Control
Anti Foreign Catholic Black Jewish Pacifist Communist Internationist Anti-Evolutionalist Bootlegger Gambling Adultery Birth Control
The Rebirth of the KKKThe Rebirth of the KKK
ProAnglo-Saxon”Native”Protestant
ProAnglo-Saxon”Native”Protestant
The Rebirth of the KKKThe Rebirth of the KKK
Officials of the Klan Grand Goblins King Kleagles Kreatures
“Impressive Displays” were Conclaves,
Flagwaving Parades Weapon of choice
was Cross Burning
Officials of the Klan Grand Goblins King Kleagles Kreatures
“Impressive Displays” were Conclaves,
Flagwaving Parades Weapon of choice
was Cross Burning
Stemming the Foreign Flood
Stemming the Foreign Flood
After the World War, South Eastern European immigration rose 600%
“100% Americans” Did not like this
After the World War, South Eastern European immigration rose 600%
“100% Americans” Did not like this
Stemming the Foreign Flood
Stemming the Foreign Flood
Emergency Quota Act of 1921 limited the number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 3% of the number of persons from that country living in the United States in 1910
Immigration Act of 1924, changed the 1921 act to 1890 census and changed the limit from 3% to 2%.
To keep out “New Immigrants”
Emergency Quota Act of 1921 limited the number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 3% of the number of persons from that country living in the United States in 1910
Immigration Act of 1924, changed the 1921 act to 1890 census and changed the limit from 3% to 2%.
To keep out “New Immigrants”
Stemming the Foreign Food
Stemming the Foreign Food
The Immigration Act of 1929 further changed the law because it limited the total immigration to 152,574.
The Immigration Act of 1929 further changed the law because it limited the total immigration to 152,574.
Stemming the Foreign Flood
Stemming the Foreign Flood
In 1965, the national-origins system was abolished by Congress.
The Emergency Quota Act of 1921, Johnson Reid Act of 1924, and the Immigration Act of 1929 were known as the National Origins system.
In 1965, the national-origins system was abolished by Congress.
The Emergency Quota Act of 1921, Johnson Reid Act of 1924, and the Immigration Act of 1929 were known as the National Origins system.
Stemming the Foreign Flood
Stemming the Foreign Flood
The National Origins system favored Western European over Eastern European. Japanese Immigration was completely shut off while the law allowed unlimited immigration from Canada and Central America.
The National Origins system favored Western European over Eastern European. Japanese Immigration was completely shut off while the law allowed unlimited immigration from Canada and Central America.
“Cultural Pluralism” or “Multicultralism”
“Cultural Pluralism” or “Multicultralism”
Cultural Pluralism or Multiculturalism was the idea of preserving ones own culture in America.
Five early proponents Horace Kallen Randolph Bourne John Dewey Jane Addams Louis Brandeis
Cultural Pluralism or Multiculturalism was the idea of preserving ones own culture in America.
Five early proponents Horace Kallen Randolph Bourne John Dewey Jane Addams Louis Brandeis
ProhibitionProhibition Also known as the
Noble Experiment (The 18th Amendment , later the Volstead Act)
Prohibition outlawed the distilling and sale of liquor.
Popular in the South/ West, not so popular in the East
Wet= Drinking, Dry= Not Drinking
Prohibition did not work because people wanted to drink
Men and women drank bathtub gin at Speakeasies
Also known as the Noble Experiment (The 18th Amendment , later the Volstead Act)
Prohibition outlawed the distilling and sale of liquor.
Popular in the South/ West, not so popular in the East
Wet= Drinking, Dry= Not Drinking
Prohibition did not work because people wanted to drink
Men and women drank bathtub gin at Speakeasies
Crime in the 1920sCrime in the 1920s
Gangsters like Al Capone ran bootlegging and other illicit activities like…
By the 1930s organized crime was a huge business even in labor unions and government contracts.
Gangsters like Al Capone ran bootlegging and other illicit activities like…
By the 1930s organized crime was a huge business even in labor unions and government contracts.
Crime in the 1920sCrime in the 1920s
St. Valentine’s Day Massacre
Gangs moved into other activities like prostitution , gambling and narcotics
St. Valentine’s Day Massacre
Gangs moved into other activities like prostitution , gambling and narcotics
Monkey Business in Tennessee (Scopes Monkey Trial)
Monkey Business in Tennessee (Scopes Monkey Trial)
Christian Fundamentalists believed in a literal interpretation of the bible and were against teaching evolution (Darwinism). In Tennessee, teacher John T. Scopes went to trial for teaching evolution. His lawyer was Clarence Darrow and the prosecution was led by W. J. Bryan. Scopes was found guilty and fined. He was later released. This trial illustrated the question of a changing people and society.
Christian Fundamentalists believed in a literal interpretation of the bible and were against teaching evolution (Darwinism). In Tennessee, teacher John T. Scopes went to trial for teaching evolution. His lawyer was Clarence Darrow and the prosecution was led by W. J. Bryan. Scopes was found guilty and fined. He was later released. This trial illustrated the question of a changing people and society.
The Mass Consumer Economy
The Mass Consumer Economy
Both the recent war and the tax policies of Andrew Mellon, the Secretary of the Treasury for Presidents Coolidge and Hoover led to massive economic growth.
Keep taxes low , little government spending , laissez faire / trickle down economics
Both the recent war and the tax policies of Andrew Mellon, the Secretary of the Treasury for Presidents Coolidge and Hoover led to massive economic growth.
Keep taxes low , little government spending , laissez faire / trickle down economics
The Mass Consumer Economy
The Mass Consumer Economy
Powered by cheap energy, factories turned goods for consumption spurred by the new arm of American commerce advertising. Henry Ford mass produced cars.
Powered by cheap energy, factories turned goods for consumption spurred by the new arm of American commerce advertising. Henry Ford mass produced cars.
AdvertisingAdvertising
Turn “an arm pit into a charm pit”
Bruce Barton’s book, The Man Nobody Knows states “J.C. good salesperson”
Turn “an arm pit into a charm pit”
Bruce Barton’s book, The Man Nobody Knows states “J.C. good salesperson”
The Mass Consumer Economy
The Mass Consumer Economy
People consumed goods by buying on credit.
Eventually bills come due!
Lack of credit availability stalls the economy.
People consumed goods by buying on credit.
Eventually bills come due!
Lack of credit availability stalls the economy.
The Golden Age of SportsBaseball and Boxing
The Golden Age of SportsBaseball and Boxing
Automobile Powers from the 1920s to 1970s
Automobile Powers from the 1920s to 1970s
The Big Three automakers in the United States were: Chevrolet Ford Chrysler
Revolution led by Henry Ford and his “Fordisms” (assembly line techniques), who produced the “Model T” cars.
The Big Three automakers in the United States were: Chevrolet Ford Chrysler
Revolution led by Henry Ford and his “Fordisms” (assembly line techniques), who produced the “Model T” cars.
Secondary IndustriesSecondary Industries
Secondary to car production were:RubberGlassFabricsHighway
constructionService StationGaragesOil
Secondary to car production were:RubberGlassFabricsHighway
constructionService StationGaragesOil
Humans Develop WingsHumans Develop Wings
First flight was by Orville and Wilbur Wright at Kitty Hawk
Planes were used during World War I
The first solo flight was by Charles Lindenberg in his plan Spirit of St. Louis. The first female to fly was Emila Airhart.
Airships like the Hindenberg were also developed.
First flight was by Orville and Wilbur Wright at Kitty Hawk
Planes were used during World War I
The first solo flight was by Charles Lindenberg in his plan Spirit of St. Louis. The first female to fly was Emila Airhart.
Airships like the Hindenberg were also developed.
The RadioThe Radio
The radio of the 1920s knitted the nation together. On the radio, jazz music was played, sports were broadcast and politicians spun their stories. The most famous politician on the radio was FDR.
The radio of the 1920s knitted the nation together. On the radio, jazz music was played, sports were broadcast and politicians spun their stories. The most famous politician on the radio was FDR.
Hollywood“The Star System”
Hollywood“The Star System”
First movies The Great Train Robbery Birth of a Nation
WWI aided the movie industry because…
Credit for the film industry goes to Thomas Edison
The first “talkie” was The Jazz Singer
Movie houses were called Nickelodeons
First movies The Great Train Robbery Birth of a Nation
WWI aided the movie industry because…
Credit for the film industry goes to Thomas Edison
The first “talkie” was The Jazz Singer
Movie houses were called Nickelodeons
Important Women of the 1920s
Important Women of the 1920s
Alice PaulNational
Women’s Party
Suffrage for women
Margaret SangerWomen’s
rights champion
Alice PaulNational
Women’s Party
Suffrage for women
Margaret SangerWomen’s
rights champion
FlappersFlappers
Women of the 1920s were called “flappers”
Sigmund Freud advocated to not repress sexuality
“Smooching” turned into … and …
Women of the 1920s were called “flappers”
Sigmund Freud advocated to not repress sexuality
“Smooching” turned into … and …
Entertainment of the 1920s
Entertainment of the 1920s
Jazz was the music of the era and the “Charleston” was the dance.
Jazz was the music of the era and the “Charleston” was the dance.
The Harlem RenaissanceThe Harlem Renaissance
In New York, a Harlem Renaissance occurred in the black community led by Marcus Garvey who formed the United Negro Improvement Association. He formed the Black Star Line to return blacks to Africa.
In New York, a Harlem Renaissance occurred in the black community led by Marcus Garvey who formed the United Negro Improvement Association. He formed the Black Star Line to return blacks to Africa.
“Cultural Liberation”“Cultural Liberation”
H.L. Mencken American Mercury
F. Scott Fitzgerald Side of Paradise The Great Gatsby
Theodore Dreiser An American Tragedy
Ernest Hemingway The Sun Also Rises A Fairwell to Arms
H.L. Mencken American Mercury
F. Scott Fitzgerald Side of Paradise The Great Gatsby
Theodore Dreiser An American Tragedy
Ernest Hemingway The Sun Also Rises A Fairwell to Arms
“Cultural Liberation”“Cultural Liberation”
Sinclair Lewis Main Street Babbitt
William Faulkner The Sound and the
Fury As I Lay Dying Absalom, Absalom!
Ezra Pound “Make It New”
T.S. Eliot “The Waste Land”
Sinclair Lewis Main Street Babbitt
William Faulkner The Sound and the
Fury As I Lay Dying Absalom, Absalom!
Ezra Pound “Make It New”
T.S. Eliot “The Waste Land”
“Cultural Liberation”“Cultural Liberation”
Eugene O’Neill Strange Interlude
Frank Lloyd Wright The Empire State
Building Three “Lost
Generation” writers were Claude McKay Langston Hughes Zora Neale
Eugene O’Neill Strange Interlude
Frank Lloyd Wright The Empire State
Building Three “Lost
Generation” writers were Claude McKay Langston Hughes Zora Neale
The Bull MarketThe Bull Market
Buyers bought “on the margin”, which means they borrowed money to buy stock.
Secretary of Treasury’s tax policies were supplied side in nature
Buyers bought “on the margin”, which means they borrowed money to buy stock.
Secretary of Treasury’s tax policies were supplied side in nature