American Life in the Roaring Twenties American Pageant Chapter 31 American Pageant Chapter 31.

American Life in the Roaring Twenties

American Life in the Roaring Twenties

American PageantChapter 31

American PageantChapter 31

Immigration and ImportsImmigration and Imports

In the 1920s, America turned inward (isolationism), denounced communism and socialism, and clanged shut the door of immigration with tariffs

In the 1920s, America turned inward (isolationism), denounced communism and socialism, and clanged shut the door of immigration with tariffs

The Red ScareThe Red Scare

After the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, Americans had a fear of Communism. Laborers (unions) were lumped together with communists.

After the 1917 Bolshevik Revolution in Russia, Americans had a fear of Communism. Laborers (unions) were lumped together with communists.

The Red ScareThe Red ScareAttorney General A.

Mitchell Palmer conducted the Palmer Raids which rounded up thousands of “communists”.

Some 249 communists were sent back to Russia on the “Soviet Ark”.

Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer conducted the Palmer Raids which rounded up thousands of “communists”.

Some 249 communists were sent back to Russia on the “Soviet Ark”.

The Red ScareThe Red Scare The trial of Sacco and

Vanzetti was conducted in the height of the Red Scare and resulted in their being executed on questionable evidence.

Courts may have been prejudiced against them because of their nationality, anarchism , draft dodger status and atheist status.

The trial of Sacco and Vanzetti was conducted in the height of the Red Scare and resulted in their being executed on questionable evidence.

Courts may have been prejudiced against them because of their nationality, anarchism , draft dodger status and atheist status.

The Red ScareThe Red Scare

As a result of the aforementioned, the ACLU or American Civil Liberties Union was formed by Felix Frankfurter

As a result of the aforementioned, the ACLU or American Civil Liberties Union was formed by Felix Frankfurter

The Rebirth of the KKKThe Rebirth of the KKK

Radical hate group originally founded by Nathan Bedford Forest after the Civil War (1861-1865)

Reconstituted by Willaim J. Fitzsimmons

Radical hate group originally founded by Nathan Bedford Forest after the Civil War (1861-1865)

Reconstituted by Willaim J. Fitzsimmons


Anti Foreign Catholic Black Jewish Pacifist Communist Internationist Anti-Evolutionalist Bootlegger Gambling Adultery Birth Control

Anti Foreign Catholic Black Jewish Pacifist Communist Internationist Anti-Evolutionalist Bootlegger Gambling Adultery Birth Control


ProAnglo-Saxon”Native”Protestant

ProAnglo-Saxon”Native”Protestant


Officials of the Klan Grand Goblins King Kleagles Kreatures

“Impressive Displays” were Conclaves,

Flagwaving Parades Weapon of choice

was Cross Burning

Officials of the Klan Grand Goblins King Kleagles Kreatures

“Impressive Displays” were Conclaves,

Flagwaving Parades Weapon of choice

was Cross Burning

Stemming the Foreign Flood


After the World War, South Eastern European immigration rose 600%

“100% Americans” Did not like this

After the World War, South Eastern European immigration rose 600%

“100% Americans” Did not like this



Emergency Quota Act of 1921 limited the number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 3% of the number of persons from that country living in the United States in 1910

Immigration Act of 1924, changed the 1921 act to 1890 census and changed the limit from 3% to 2%.

To keep out “New Immigrants”

Emergency Quota Act of 1921 limited the number of immigrants who could be admitted from any country to 3% of the number of persons from that country living in the United States in 1910

Immigration Act of 1924, changed the 1921 act to 1890 census and changed the limit from 3% to 2%.

To keep out “New Immigrants”

Stemming the Foreign Food

Stemming the Foreign Food

The Immigration Act of 1929 further changed the law because it limited the total immigration to 152,574.

The Immigration Act of 1929 further changed the law because it limited the total immigration to 152,574.



In 1965, the national-origins system was abolished by Congress.

The Emergency Quota Act of 1921, Johnson Reid Act of 1924, and the Immigration Act of 1929 were known as the National Origins system.

In 1965, the national-origins system was abolished by Congress.

The Emergency Quota Act of 1921, Johnson Reid Act of 1924, and the Immigration Act of 1929 were known as the National Origins system.



The National Origins system favored Western European over Eastern European. Japanese Immigration was completely shut off while the law allowed unlimited immigration from Canada and Central America.

The National Origins system favored Western European over Eastern European. Japanese Immigration was completely shut off while the law allowed unlimited immigration from Canada and Central America.

“Cultural Pluralism” or “Multicultralism”

“Cultural Pluralism” or “Multicultralism”

Cultural Pluralism or Multiculturalism was the idea of preserving ones own culture in America.

Five early proponents Horace Kallen Randolph Bourne John Dewey Jane Addams Louis Brandeis

Cultural Pluralism or Multiculturalism was the idea of preserving ones own culture in America.

Five early proponents Horace Kallen Randolph Bourne John Dewey Jane Addams Louis Brandeis

ProhibitionProhibition Also known as the

Noble Experiment (The 18th Amendment , later the Volstead Act)

Prohibition outlawed the distilling and sale of liquor.

Popular in the South/ West, not so popular in the East

Wet= Drinking, Dry= Not Drinking

Prohibition did not work because people wanted to drink

Men and women drank bathtub gin at Speakeasies

Also known as the Noble Experiment (The 18th Amendment , later the Volstead Act)

Prohibition outlawed the distilling and sale of liquor.

Popular in the South/ West, not so popular in the East

Wet= Drinking, Dry= Not Drinking

Prohibition did not work because people wanted to drink

Men and women drank bathtub gin at Speakeasies

Crime in the 1920sCrime in the 1920s

Gangsters like Al Capone ran bootlegging and other illicit activities like…

By the 1930s organized crime was a huge business even in labor unions and government contracts.

Gangsters like Al Capone ran bootlegging and other illicit activities like…

By the 1930s organized crime was a huge business even in labor unions and government contracts.

Crime in the 1920sCrime in the 1920s

St. Valentine’s Day Massacre

Gangs moved into other activities like prostitution , gambling and narcotics

St. Valentine’s Day Massacre

Gangs moved into other activities like prostitution , gambling and narcotics

Monkey Business in Tennessee (Scopes Monkey Trial)

Monkey Business in Tennessee (Scopes Monkey Trial)

Christian Fundamentalists believed in a literal interpretation of the bible and were against teaching evolution (Darwinism). In Tennessee, teacher John T. Scopes went to trial for teaching evolution. His lawyer was Clarence Darrow and the prosecution was led by W. J. Bryan. Scopes was found guilty and fined. He was later released. This trial illustrated the question of a changing people and society.

Christian Fundamentalists believed in a literal interpretation of the bible and were against teaching evolution (Darwinism). In Tennessee, teacher John T. Scopes went to trial for teaching evolution. His lawyer was Clarence Darrow and the prosecution was led by W. J. Bryan. Scopes was found guilty and fined. He was later released. This trial illustrated the question of a changing people and society.

The Mass Consumer Economy


Both the recent war and the tax policies of Andrew Mellon, the Secretary of the Treasury for Presidents Coolidge and Hoover led to massive economic growth.

Keep taxes low , little government spending , laissez faire / trickle down economics

Both the recent war and the tax policies of Andrew Mellon, the Secretary of the Treasury for Presidents Coolidge and Hoover led to massive economic growth.

Keep taxes low , little government spending , laissez faire / trickle down economics



Powered by cheap energy, factories turned goods for consumption spurred by the new arm of American commerce advertising. Henry Ford mass produced cars.

Powered by cheap energy, factories turned goods for consumption spurred by the new arm of American commerce advertising. Henry Ford mass produced cars.

AdvertisingAdvertising

Turn “an arm pit into a charm pit”

Bruce Barton’s book, The Man Nobody Knows states “J.C. good salesperson”

Turn “an arm pit into a charm pit”

Bruce Barton’s book, The Man Nobody Knows states “J.C. good salesperson”



People consumed goods by buying on credit.

Eventually bills come due!

Lack of credit availability stalls the economy.

People consumed goods by buying on credit.

Eventually bills come due!

Lack of credit availability stalls the economy.

The Golden Age of SportsBaseball and Boxing

The Golden Age of SportsBaseball and Boxing

Automobile Powers from the 1920s to 1970s

Automobile Powers from the 1920s to 1970s

The Big Three automakers in the United States were: Chevrolet Ford Chrysler

Revolution led by Henry Ford and his “Fordisms” (assembly line techniques), who produced the “Model T” cars.

The Big Three automakers in the United States were: Chevrolet Ford Chrysler

Revolution led by Henry Ford and his “Fordisms” (assembly line techniques), who produced the “Model T” cars.

Secondary IndustriesSecondary Industries

Secondary to car production were:RubberGlassFabricsHighway

constructionService StationGaragesOil

Secondary to car production were:RubberGlassFabricsHighway

constructionService StationGaragesOil

Humans Develop WingsHumans Develop Wings

First flight was by Orville and Wilbur Wright at Kitty Hawk

Planes were used during World War I

The first solo flight was by Charles Lindenberg in his plan Spirit of St. Louis. The first female to fly was Emila Airhart.

Airships like the Hindenberg were also developed.

First flight was by Orville and Wilbur Wright at Kitty Hawk

Planes were used during World War I

The first solo flight was by Charles Lindenberg in his plan Spirit of St. Louis. The first female to fly was Emila Airhart.

Airships like the Hindenberg were also developed.

The RadioThe Radio

The radio of the 1920s knitted the nation together. On the radio, jazz music was played, sports were broadcast and politicians spun their stories. The most famous politician on the radio was FDR.

The radio of the 1920s knitted the nation together. On the radio, jazz music was played, sports were broadcast and politicians spun their stories. The most famous politician on the radio was FDR.

Hollywood“The Star System”

Hollywood“The Star System”

First movies The Great Train Robbery Birth of a Nation

WWI aided the movie industry because…

Credit for the film industry goes to Thomas Edison

The first “talkie” was The Jazz Singer

Movie houses were called Nickelodeons

First movies The Great Train Robbery Birth of a Nation

WWI aided the movie industry because…

Credit for the film industry goes to Thomas Edison

The first “talkie” was The Jazz Singer

Movie houses were called Nickelodeons

Important Women of the 1920s

Important Women of the 1920s

Alice PaulNational

Women’s Party

Suffrage for women

Margaret SangerWomen’s

rights champion

Alice PaulNational

Women’s Party

Suffrage for women

Margaret SangerWomen’s

rights champion

FlappersFlappers

Women of the 1920s were called “flappers”

Sigmund Freud advocated to not repress sexuality

“Smooching” turned into … and …

Women of the 1920s were called “flappers”

Sigmund Freud advocated to not repress sexuality

“Smooching” turned into … and …

Entertainment of the 1920s

Entertainment of the 1920s

Jazz was the music of the era and the “Charleston” was the dance.

Jazz was the music of the era and the “Charleston” was the dance.

The Harlem RenaissanceThe Harlem Renaissance

In New York, a Harlem Renaissance occurred in the black community led by Marcus Garvey who formed the United Negro Improvement Association. He formed the Black Star Line to return blacks to Africa.

In New York, a Harlem Renaissance occurred in the black community led by Marcus Garvey who formed the United Negro Improvement Association. He formed the Black Star Line to return blacks to Africa.

“Cultural Liberation”“Cultural Liberation”

H.L. Mencken American Mercury

F. Scott Fitzgerald Side of Paradise The Great Gatsby

Theodore Dreiser An American Tragedy

Ernest Hemingway The Sun Also Rises A Fairwell to Arms

H.L. Mencken American Mercury

F. Scott Fitzgerald Side of Paradise The Great Gatsby

Theodore Dreiser An American Tragedy

Ernest Hemingway The Sun Also Rises A Fairwell to Arms


Sinclair Lewis Main Street Babbitt

William Faulkner The Sound and the

Fury As I Lay Dying Absalom, Absalom!

Ezra Pound “Make It New”

T.S. Eliot “The Waste Land”

Sinclair Lewis Main Street Babbitt

William Faulkner The Sound and the

Fury As I Lay Dying Absalom, Absalom!

Ezra Pound “Make It New”

T.S. Eliot “The Waste Land”


Eugene O’Neill Strange Interlude

Frank Lloyd Wright The Empire State

Building Three “Lost

Generation” writers were Claude McKay Langston Hughes Zora Neale

Eugene O’Neill Strange Interlude

Frank Lloyd Wright The Empire State

Building Three “Lost

Generation” writers were Claude McKay Langston Hughes Zora Neale

The Bull MarketThe Bull Market

Buyers bought “on the margin”, which means they borrowed money to buy stock.

Secretary of Treasury’s tax policies were supplied side in nature

Buyers bought “on the margin”, which means they borrowed money to buy stock.

Secretary of Treasury’s tax policies were supplied side in nature

American Life in the Roaring Twenties American Pageant Chapter 31 American Pageant Chapter 31.

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