Air pollution and HumanHealth

Paulo Saldiva

Institute of Advanced Studies

University of São Paulo

pepino@usp.br

PM2,5

Hour

Minute

Second

161514131211109876

3737373737373737373737

2323232323232323232323

500

400

300

200

100

0

20010030030100200

40,00

30,00

20,00

10,00

NO

2 (

ug

/m3)

Spatial distribution of

nitrogen dioxide in São

Paulo

(according to Ribeiro et

al., 2019)

RIBEIRO et al. Incidence and mortality for respiratory cancer and

traffic-related air pollution in São Paulo, Brazil. Environmental

Research 170:243-251, 2019

Odds ratio for

anthracosis, controlling

for:

- Age,

- Time living in SP,

- Tobacco load,

- Passive smoking,

- Road density,

- Distance to the large

roads,

- Socioeconomic index

MODAU Team (unpublished)

BARROZO, L. V.; ANDRÉ, C. D. S.; RODRIGUES, G. P.; CABRAL-MIRANDA, W. Development of a new socioeconomicindex for health research in Brazil: first approach. In: 14th International Conference on Urban Health: the New

Urban Agenda and Sustainable Development Goals, Coimbra. Anais... Coimbra: 2017.

0,98

1

1,02

1,04

1,06

1,08

1,1

1,12

1,14

20 40 60 80 100 120 140

PM10 categories

rela

tive r

isk

of

death

Volume 360, Issue 9341, Pages 1210-1214 (October 2002)

Lancet. 2011 Feb 26;377(9767):732-40

Life Expectancy vs PM2.5

1978-82

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

5 10 15 20 25 30 35

PM2.5 (mg/m3)

Lif

e E

xp

ecta

ncy Slope

-1.2 yr/10 mg/m3

EPA NAAQS

Pope, Ezzati, Dockery (NEJM 2009)

Life Expectancy vs PM2.5

1997-2001

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

5 10 15 20 25 30 35

PM2.5 (mg/m3)

Lif

e E

xp

ecta

ncy

Slope

-2.1 yr/10 mg/m3

EPA NAAQS

Pope, Ezzati, Dockery (NEJM 2009)

Life Expectancy vs PM2.5

1980-2000

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

5 10 15 20 25 30PM2.5 (mg/m

3)

Lif

e E

xp

ec

tan

cy

Pope, Ezzati, Dockery (NEJM 2009)

Life Expectancy vs PM2.5

1980-2000

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

5 10 15 20 25 30

PM2.5 (mg/m3)

Lif

e E

xp

ecta

ncy

Pope, Ezzati, Dockery (NEJM 2009)

Life Expectancy vs PM2.5

1980-2000

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

5 10 15 20 25 30

PM2.5 (mg/m3)

Lif

e E

xp

ecta

ncy

Los Angeles, CA

San Jose, CA

San Diego, CA

São Paulo

28.1 mg/m3

Life Expectancy vs PM2.5

1980-2000

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79

80

81

5 10 15 20 25 30

PM2.5 (mg/m3)

Lif

e E

xp

ec

tan

cy

Los Angeles, CA

San Jose, CA

San Diego, CA

São Paulo

28.1 mg/m3

Curitiba

14.4 mg/m3

3.5 yr

Fajersztajn et al. Nature Reviews Cancer. 2013; 13(9):674-8