Post on 02-Jan-2021
Safety First and Always
ACEEE Market Transformation Symposium
Market Transformation and the Distribution System Grid
David Dobratz, Eversource Energy In Collaboration with
Ryn Hamilton, Ryn Hamilton Consulting
March 2016
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Market Opportunities
Slide 2
Battery Storage
Automation Controls Solar PV
The advent of new forms of demand response – including ultra-fast responding DR, AutoDR and enhanced DR controls – will fill an important enabling role for the emerging distributed energy prosumer1.
q Increasing penetration of solar PV is leading the way for consumers to take on a new role as producers of power
q Storage coupled with distributed resources can provide a flexible platform for managing distribution system imbalances and other problems
q Automation creates greater resource reliability, speed and ease of use
1 A prosumer is at various times a producer and a consumer of power.
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Market Opportunities
Slide 3
FERC Order 745 supports the potential for demand resources to provide essential products and services in ISO/RTO markets.
q Order 745 creates opportunities for demand response to provide ancillary services such as voltage regulation and operating reserves
q This is possible because of technology advances that include rapid two-way communication, enhanced metering, optimization controls and automated dispatch
q This will contribute to more responsive, resilient and interconnected grid
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Distribution System Management
Slide 4
Give me vars!
Voltage Control Please!
Match my load!
q Clusters of solar PV drive up local voltage levels when power is pushed onto the grid
q Power imbalances occur as a result of steep load profiles due to the intermittent nature of solar PV
Duck Curve! q Over-supply of solar
PV in the mid-day
q Steep ramp-up of need for grid power the evening
Utilization of targeted forms of demand resources can help utilities improve management of their electric distribution systems.
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Potential Pilot Objectives
q Identify advanced new demand response technologies, capabilities and practices including:
- Connected equipment, energy management and analytic systems
- Advanced thermostat controls for HVAC systems
- Advanced/Smart energy management systems (AutoDR)
- Sensing, feedback and use of algorithms
q Control building performance holistically to minimize energy use and cost
q Determine what technologies are needed for demand response to successfully meet new ISO-NE rules put in place to comply with FERC Order 745
Slide 5
Assess new demand response technologies and practices to better manage the utility distribution grid.
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Potential Pilot Design
q Small Business: Combine inexpensive computerized
“thermostat” with smartphone app control
q Mid-Market: Combine solar, storage and demand response to deliver peak load relief, voltage control, power factor support and to correct for grid impacts of distributed energy resources
q Large Facilities: Augment building controls to improve load duration curves and reduce billed demand; leverage knowledge that is acquired to elicit additional behaviors-based load reductions strategies
Slide 6
Approach for Three Customer Segments:
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Potential Pilot Hypotheses q Small Business: Utilization of advanced thermostat controls in
buildings with multiple zones will cost effectively reduce summertime peak demand by10-15% without impacting thermal comfort.
q Mid-Market: q Remote management of Advanced Function Inverters can improve
voltage stability at on-site solar PV locations and mitigate the impact of solar PV output variability on distribution circuits.
q Advanced Function Inverters coupled with on-site solar PV can improve voltage stability however, the addition of Energy Storage coupled with Advanced Functioning Inverters provide higher levels of voltage stability.
q Large facilities: Targeted controls will not only modify load duration curves and reduce billed demand, but produce additional customer behaviors that influence loads.
Slide 7
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Demand Resources and DER Mitigation
Slide 8
Conditions & Strategies q Local overvoltage: Smart Inverter q Var support: Smart Inverter q Mid-Day Duck Curve (over-
production from solar PV): Charge Storage
q Evening Duck Curve: Discharge Storage
Demand Response Asset Load
Highly targeted forms of demand response can dramatically improve the management of electric distribution systems.
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Integration and Operational Controls
Slide 9
q Volts q Power Factors q kW Static q kW Change Rate
q Volts q Power Factors q kW
Feeder Meter
Facility Meter
q PV output – kW q Storage output – kW q Storage charge - kWh
PV and Storage Metering
Direct the PV energy to serve either load or storage Discharge storage? Inverter operations: q Voltage output q VAR output Dispatch demand response assets?
Inputs Automation Outputs
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Market Transformation Dynamics
Slide 10
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Market Transformation Dynamics
Technology Phase Barriers Opportunity
Solar PV Commercial Growth (past chasm)
Negative impact on grid conditions (over-voltage and duck curve issues)
Zero emission power supply, greater volumes continue to reduce cost
Smart Inverters Commercial Growth (before chasm)
Cost, feedback controls add complexity
Conditioning of PV and storage power to stabilize grid
Battery Storage Commercial Growth (before chasm)
Cost (most important) and controls that add complexity
Ability to mitigate over-supply and steep evening ramp caused by solar PV
Integrated Systems (PV, Inverters, Storage)
Commercial Introduction
Complexity of grid integration, lack of architecture rules from FERC
Increases effectiveness of storage and solar PV running independently
Slide 11
Barriers and Opportunities
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Questions
David Dobratz P.E., CEM Supervisor – Energy Efficiency Eversource 107 Selden Street | Berlin, CT 06037 860.665.4773 David.Dobratz@Eversource.com
Ryn Hamilton Ryn Hamilton Consulting 45 Fayette Street, #1 Cambridge, MA 02139 617.461.7200 ryn@rynhamiltonconsulting.com www.rynhamiltonconsulting.com