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ANATOMY LAB

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WE WILL TAKE ABOUT:

Male reproductive system

Female reproductive system

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COMPONENTS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE ORGANS

Scrotum Testes Duct system Penis Accessory glands

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COMPONENTS OF MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

I- Primary Sex Organ: Testis.

II- Reproductive Tract: Epididymis. Vas Deferens. Spermatic cord.

III- Accessory Sex Glands: Seminal vesicles. Prostate gland. Bulbourethral

glands.IV- External genitalia:

Penis

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMFunctions and Organs:Testes

Function: Production of sperm (spermatogenesis).Secretion of testosterone.

Accessory Sex GlandsSeminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glandFunction: Secretions provide bulk of semen (liquid substance that is conducive to sperm viability)

PenisFunction: Organ used to deposit semen in female

Male Reproductive TractEpididymis, ductus (vas) deferensFunction: Sperm maturation

Ejaculatory duct Function: Empty into urethra (canal running length of penis that empties into exterior) 5

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TESTIS

Paired almond-shape gonads that are suspended in the scrotum by the spermatic cord

4 - 5 cm long Weigh (10.5 – 14) g

Functions: Spermatogenesis. Hormone

production (Androgens-

testosterone).

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BLOOD SUPPLY OF TESTIS

- Testicular artery

- Testicular vein

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Ejaculatory Ducts

The ejaculatory ducts pierce the posterior surface of the prostate

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SCROTUM

Nerve supply: The nerves of the scrotum

include the:

Genital branch of the genitofemoral nerve (L1, L2) supplying the anterolateral surface.

Anterior scrotal nerves, branches of the ilioinguinal nerve (L1) supplying the anterior surface.

Posterior scrotal nerves, branches of the perineal branch of the pudendal nerve (S2- S4) supplying the posterior surface.

Perineal branches of the posterior femoral cutaneous nerve (S2, S3) supplying the inferior surface.

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EPIDIDYMIS Located on the posterior & superior margins of the testis.

It is divided into:

Head, Body and Tail.

H

B

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V D

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Functions:1. Secretes the nourishing fluid.

2. Recycles damaged spermatozoa.

3. Stores spermatozoa

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VAS DEFERENS

Its terminal part dilated to form the Ampulla of the vas

It joins the urethra in the prostate

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Prostate: The prostate is a

fibromuscular glandular organ that surrounds the prostatic urethra .

The prostate 3 cm long, 4 cm wide.

Lies between the neck of the bladder above and the urogenital diaphragm below.

Surrounded by a fibrous capsule.

Has a base, which lies against the bladder neck , and an apex, which lies against the urogenital diaphragm.

Ejaculatory ducts pierce the posterior surface.

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Relations: Superiorly: neck of the

bladder. Inferiorly: the urogenital

diaphragm. Anteriorly: the

symphysis pubis. Posteriorly: the rectal

ampulla. Laterally: The prostate

is embraced by the anterior fibers of the levator ani.

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Structure of the Prostate

The prostate is incompletely divided into five lobes :

The anterior lobe lies in front of the urethra.

The median, or middle, lobe is the wedge of gland situated between the urethra and the ejaculatory ducts.

The posterior lobe is situated behind the urethra and below the ejaculatory ducts.

The right and left lateral lobes lie on either side of the urethra.

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Blood Supply Arteries: Branches of the inferior

vesical Branches of the middle rectal

arteries. Veins The veins form the prostatic

venous plexus, which lies outside the capsule of the prostate .The prostatic plexus receives the deep dorsal vein of the penis and numerous vesical veins and drains into the internal iliac veins.

Lymph Drainage Internal iliac nodes. Nerve Supply Inferior hypogastric plexuses.

The sympathetic nerves stimulate the smooth muscle of the prostate during ejaculation.

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PARTS OF THE UTERUS

Body

Founds

Cervix

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THE RELATIONSHIPS OF THE UTERUS

• Anteriorly the body of the uterus is separated from the urinary bladder by the vesicouterine pouch.

• Here, the peritoneum is reflected from the uterus onto the posterior margin of the superior surface of the bladder.

• The vesicouterine pouch is empty when the uterus is in its normal position.

• Posteriorly the body of the uterus and the supravaginal part of the cervix are separated from the sigmoid colon by a layer of peritoneum and the peritoneal cavity.

• The uterus is separated from the rectum by the rectouterine pouch (of Douglas).

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• The inferior part of this pouch is closely related to the posterior part of the fornix of the vagina.

• Laterally the relationship of the ureter to the uterine artery is very important.

• The ureter is crossed superiorly by the uterine artery at the side of the cervix.

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LIGAMENTS OF THE UTERUS

1- The Round Ligament of the Uterus

2- The ligament of the ovary

3- The Uterosacral Ligaments

4- The Broad Ligament

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BLOOD SUPPLY OF THE UTERUS

uterine arteries

ovarian arteries

uterine veins

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PARTS OF FALLOPIAN TUBE

The infundibulum

The ampulla

The isthmus

The Intramural

Fimbriae

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OVARY

The almond-shaped ovaries

Function: Production of ova (oogenesis). Secretion of estrogen & progesterone.

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LIGAMENTS OF OVARY

suspensory ligament

The ovary also attaches to the uterus by the ligament of ovary

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Blood supply of the ovary: The ovarian arteries arise from the

abdominal aorta Ovarian veins draining the ovary form a

pampiniform plexus of veins in the broad ligament near the ovary .

The veins of the plexus merge to form a singular ovarian vein, which leaves the lesser pelvis with the ovarian artery.

The right ovarian vein ascends to enter the inferior vena cava; the left ovarian vein drains into the left renal vein

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RELATIONS OF THE VAGINA

• Anteriorly: the fundus of the urinary bladder and urethra.

• Laterally: the levator ani, visceral pelvic fascia, and ureters.

• Posteriorly (inferior to superior): the anal canal, rectum, and rectouterine pouch.

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VAGINA

Function: Connects uterus to external environment Vaginal opening

Located in perineal region between urethral opening and anal openingPartially covered by thin mucous membrane, hymen

Labia minora and labia majoraSkin folds that surround vaginal and urethral openings

ClitorisSmall erotic structure located at anterior end of folds of labia minora

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BREAST

Nipple: Conical or Cylindrical prominence in

the center of Areola

Areola: Circular pigmented area of the skin surrounding the base of the nipple, containing sebaceous glands

Axillary Tail : Small part of the breast extending to the axilla

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Quadrants of the Breast

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QUADRANTS OF THE BREAST

Superior Medial

Superior Lateral

Inferior Medial

Inferior Lateral

Areola

Auxiliary Tail

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The openings

RectumPosterior

VaginaIntermediate

UrethraAnterior

Uterus

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Testis

Scrotum

Ejaculatory Duct

Vas Deference

Seminal Vesicle from

behind

Prostate Gland

Epidermis

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NOTE

You should know Every Thing about Prostate

The Functions are Important

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