4th grade CATSScience Review

MatterEarth Resources

Changes to Earth’s SurfaceMotionLight

Jamey HerdelinMaupin Elementary

April 2004PowerPoint template by

Anna Jones

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LightLight Earth Earth ResourcesResources

Changes Changes to Earth’s to Earth’s SurfaceSurface

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What’s What’s the the

matter?matter?

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What is light?

Light is a form of energy that you can see.

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How does light energy move through space?

In a straight line away from its source in waves.

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Transparent means light can go through.

Opaque is the opposite – light cannot go through at all.

Translucent means some light goes through.

What is the difference between transparent, translucent, and opaque?

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What is the difference between reflection and refraction?

Light reflecting off an object means the light wave “bounces” off the object.

Refracted light is when the light waves go through an object and are bent as it goes through the object.

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When light hits a basketball, the ball absorbs, or takes in all the colors in light except orange, which is reflected back.

What happens when light is absorbed by an opaque object like an orange basketball?

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Solid rocks & soils; water; gases in the atmosphere

What materials make up the earth’s features?

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Natural resources are made by nature and

Man-made resources are made by man.

What is the difference between natural resources vs. man-made resources?

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Renewable resources are resources that can be formed over time.

Non-renewable resources are resources that cannot be formed over time, once used up, is gone for good.

What is the difference between renewable resources and non-renewable resources?

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Natural gas and trees are because they can be formed over time.

Metals and minerals cannot.

Which of the following are renewable resources: natural gas, trees, metals, minerals

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What are some things we can do to help prevent our resources from becoming used up too fast?

Recycle; develop fuel-efficient cars and homes; use renewable resources; walk; bike or use the bus rather than drive the car.

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The earth’s surface is being changed constantly. List 4 ways this occurs. Hint – 2 are from within the earth.

Volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, erosion, and weathering.

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What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

Weathering is the breaking or changing of rocks.

Erosion is the moving of weathered rock and soil by wind, rain, or ice.

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What are some ways that weathering takes place?

Freezing and thawing of water between rocks; trees and plants growing in rock cracks.

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It helps to form new soil, build new land

but at the same time it is taking away soil and land from other areas such as farms, roads.

How is something like weathering and erosion helpful to people like farmers and at the same time be hurtful?

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Plant trees on steep hills;

in bare areas plant grasses and other ground coverings because they will absorb rainwater and its roots will hold the soil down.

What are some ways people can prevent erosion?

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What do we mean by the relative position of an object? Give an example.

It is where the object is located compared to where others are. Example: the chair is to my left.

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It is a push or a pull on an object that can cause it to change its motion.

What is a force?

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• Friction – can slow down an object;

• Gravity – pulls 2 objects towards each other.

What are 2 forces that can affect the motion of an object?

List them and tell what they do.

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Sound is a kind of energy you can hear.

It is matter vibrating, or moving quickly back and forth.

What is sound and how is sound made?

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Volume and pitch are properties of sound. What is volume and what is pitch? Give an example.

Volume is how loud or soft a sound is – shouting vs. whispering.

Pitch is about how high or low a sound is – high screech of a train whistle vs. low sound of a kettle drum.

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What is matter?

Anything that has mass and takes up space.

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What is mass?

What is volume

Mass is the amount of material an object has in it. Volume is the amount of space that matter takes up.

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color, shape, size, and mass.

What are the 4 physical properties we use to describe matter?

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Solid, liquid, or gas.

Matter can be found in one of 3 states or forms.

What are these states of matter?

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Do the 3 states of matter have a specific shape of its own and/or volume?

If not what does each have?

No. Solids have a shape and volume of its own.

Liquids have volume but take the shape of whatever container it is in.

Gases have neither shape nor volume of its own

Bonus Question 1Bonus Question 1

Bonus Question 2Bonus Question 2