Unit I - Industrial Safety.pdf
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Transcript of Unit I - Industrial Safety.pdf
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ME451: INDUSTRIAL SAFETY
Even Semester
2014 2015
Department of Mechanical Engineering
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Safety Policy
A written statement given by the management of any
organization stating its commitment to the protection of
health and safety of its employees and public and the
protection of the environment.
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Safety Organisation
Purpose:
To create within every one, at all levels of the organisation,
a safety culture.
Types:
1.Those in which the safety work is carried on wholly
through the line organisation
2.Those in which the safety work is directed by a safety
director reporting to a major executive
3.Those in which the safety work is carried on primarily by
committees set up for the purpose
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Safety Committee
Standing committees which form the policies andindicate the course of action to be taken.
Advise the safety engineering department for achieving abetter performance in promoting safety culture.
Employees representatives must also be included asmembers in these committees.
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Safety Committee
Central Safety Committee
Department Safety Committee
Area Safety Committee
Accident Investigation
Plant Inspection
Standard Operating Procedures (SOP)
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Safety stewards (Volunteers)
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Budgeting for Safety
Safety promotional activities:
Safety education
Provision of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Systematic accident investigation
Safety plant inspection
Safety committees
Safety stewards and safety coordinators
Safety incentive
Safety library
Safety publications
Safety services - other industries and institutions
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Role of the Supervisor in Workplace Safety and Health
Safety and health professionals cannot do their jobs effectively without the fullcooperation and day-to-day assistance of first-line supervisors.
Supervisors and safety professionals must be partners when it comes to providing a safeand healthy workplace for employees.
Key responsibilities of supervisors relating to workplace safety and health include the following:
Orienting new employees to the safe way to do their jobs
Ensuring that new and experienced employees receive the safety and health trainingthey need on a continual basis
Monitoring employee performance and enforcing safety rules and regulations
Assisting safety and health professionals in conducting accident investigations
Assisting safety and health professionals in developing accident reports
Keeping up-to-date on safety issues
Setting a positive example for employees that says the safe way is the right way.
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Accident CostsDirect Costs
Direct Costs
% of occupiers liability premium
% of increased premiums payable
Claims
Fines and damages awarded in courts
Court and legal representation costs
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Accident CostsIndirect Costs
Treatment
First aid
Transport
Hospital
Lost time
Injured person
Management
Supervisor(s)
First Aiders
Other personsProduction
Lost production
Overtime payments
Damage to plant, equipment, structures, vehicles, etc.
Training and supervision of replacement labour
Investigation
Management
Safety adviser
Others e.g. safety representatives
Liaison with enforcement authority officers
Other costs
Ex-gratia payment to injured person
Replacement of personal items of:
(i) injured person
(ii) other persons
Other miscellaneous costs
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Accident causation theoryDominos model by H.W.Heinrich
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SAFETY TRAININGCreating Awareness
Creation of awareness on safety at all levels of the organization isimportant. For any safety program to be effective, it must be based onemployer and worker needs.
Creating awareness: Factors to be considered
Company Policy and Experience
Safety Policy
Existing activities such as committees, mass meetings, awardprograms, and contests should be used for the safety program.
Budget and Facilities
At first the safety program will require extra effort, time, andmoney.
Safety Committees, Safety Circles (Safety Campaign)
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SAFETY TRAININGCreating Awareness
Types of employees
The types, backgrounds, and educational levels of employees mustbe considered when choosing safety promotion activities. Forexample, migrant workers frequently do not receive sufficient jobtraining.
Types of organization
When operations are widely scattered and diversified, as in theconstruction, railroad, marine, motor transport, sales, and airtransport industries, the job of selecting and disseminating safetyinformation becomes more complicated.
Basic Human Interest
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SAFETY TRAININGWays to put six basic human interest factors to effective
use in promoting safety
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SAFETY TRAININGAwards/Incentives/Recognition
The use of incentives, awards, and recognition to motivateemployees to perform safely is an accepted feature of bothOrganizational Behavioral Management (OBM) and TotalQuality Management (TQM) models.
In the OBM model, use of incentives to reinforce employeebehavior is critical to program success.
In TQM, rewards, promotions, and other incentives areused to recognize individuals for contributions to processimprovement.
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SAFETY TRAININGCelebrations
At the group, team, or company level, special days or other functions are used to celebrate achievement.
National Safety Day in India: March 04 of every year
Celebrated in commemorating the birth of National Safety Council of India.
Safety pledges.
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SAFETY TRAININGSafety Posters
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SAFETY TRAININGSafety Posters
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SAFETY TRAININGSafety Posters
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SAFETY TRAININGSafety Displays
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SAFETY TRAININGMock drills