Webinar 2020
Storage, Technology, Markets
and Economics
June 22, 2020
Yves Schlumberger – ETIP SNET WG2 Chair
1. Yves Schlumberger, ETIP SNET Board member and WG2 Chair, EDF R&D Storage Program Chief:
- ETIP SNET and the role of WG2 (5 min)
2. Luigi Lanuzza, ETIP Batteries WG6 Chair, Head of New Technologies at Enel X:
- ETIP Batteries and WG6: stationary batteries (10 min)
3. Mark Howitt, Storelectric CTO and co-founder: Storage technologies overview (10 min)
&
Enrique Morgades Prat, Head for Market Development CIRCE: Storage technologies markets (10 min)
4. Etienne Sorin, EDF R&D Expert Stockage: Technico-economic analysis of storage technologies (10 min)
5. Silvia Bodoardo, Professor at Politecnico di Torino: Li-ion and other battery technologies (10 min)
6. Ramon Gero, R&D Engineer at Instituto Tecnologico de la Energia: V2G in energy system storage (10 min)
7. Michael Willemot, CFO Business Development, Oxto Energy: Inertia (10 min)
8. Mark Howitt, CTO & co-founder of Storelectric : Compressed gas technology (10 min)
9. Youlong Ding, Professor at University of Birmingham: Liquid air energy storage (10 min)
Webinar structureWorking Group 2
ETIP SNET ScopeWorking Group 2
10 INDUSTRY-LED EUROPEAN TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION PLATFORMS
ETIP SNET ScopeWorking Group 2
Objectives• Set R&I vision for Energy Transition
• Prepare Strategic R&I Roadmaps
• Shape the SET Plan through Roadmap
input
• Consolidate stakeholder views on R&I for
European Energy Policy initiatives
• Identify innovation barriers: regulation
• Communicate on R&I implementation
activities at European, national, regional
levels
5 Working Groups • SmarGrids
• Storage and Sector Coupling
• Flexible Generation
• Digitalisation
• Innovation
European Technology and Innovation Platform
Smart Network for Energy Transition
Name: Storage Technologies and Sector Interfaces
Specific objective: addressing the technological and market developments related to energy storage
All energy storage technologies and all possible interfaces are covered, among others:
Power-to-power
Power-to-gas
Hydro and marine storage
Compressed air energy storage
Thermal mass of buildings
Hot water storage…
Covering the entire value chain of all energy storage options
Including interface between the power sector and the heat, gas and transport sectors
WG2 scopeWorking Group 2
Welcome to this
Webinar
Working Group 2
EUROPEEUROPEAN TECHNOLOGY
AND INNOVATION PLATFORM
Linking European Battery NetworksE
uro
pe
an
Batt
ery A
llia
nc
e
EB
A250
, Mem
ber
Sta
tes,
EU
-led
init
iati
ves
Other legislative & funding initiatives at EU and national levelEU = Strategic Action Plan on Batteries
Cap
ture a
new
market
wo
rth
2
50
B€
/year
in 2
02
5
Eu
rop
ean
bat
tery
Cel
l man
ufa
ctu
rin
g->
Gig
afac
tori
es
• Batteries R&I strategies and technology roadmaps
• Federation of battery initiatives• Drive forward SET-Plan action
on batteries
Horizon 2020 & Horizon Europe batteries partnerships including Battery2030+
MS led Important Projects of Common European Interest=> R&I & and first commerical deployment
Interregional partnership on advanced battery materials (ERDF/Smart specialisation)
Other R&I activities
Main objectives Batteries
Europe
9
• Boost the growth of a European Battery industry through R&I activities
• Promote open cooperation and exchange of information, including on financing and funding from European, public and private sectors; this includes information of the stakeholders on main calls for proposals, information on the info days and main meetings in a timely and efficient manner
• Through working groups• develop R&D roadmaps• prepare Strategic Research and Innovation Agenda
• Promote research and innovation on all aspects of battery value chain: from raw materials, sourcing, advanced materials, cell design and manufacturing, applications and integration of batteries to recycling
• Keep up to date stakeholder basis for main meetings including reaching out towards new market segments, market players and ensuring full EU 28 geographical coverage
Thematic Working Groups
WG1New &
Emerging Technologies
WG2Raw
Materials and Recycling
WG3Advanced Materials
WG4Manufacturing & Cell Design
WG5Application and
Integration-Mobile
WG6Application and
Integration-Stationary
Governance Model- honouring the value chain approach
General AssemblyParticipation for all member organisations contributing at least through one
thematic work stream
Governing BoardRepresentatives from Industry and Research covering the entire Battery
Value Chain
Management TeamChairs of thematic working Groups and NRCG, convened and facilitated by
the representatives of the Support teamNRCG
National and Regional
Coordinators Group
Raw Materials
Advanced Materials
CellManufacturing
Battery Manufacturing
Applications
Recycling
Business Models & Market Development
Skills & Education
Policy & Regulation
Sustainability & Societal Aspects
Cro
ss-C
utt
ing
Issu
es*
Safety & Standardisation
WG1New & Emerging
BatteryTechnologies
WG2 Raw Materials and
Recycling
WG3AdvancedMaterials
WG5 Application and
Integration-Transport
WG6Application and
Integration-Stationary
Second Use* & V2G
Them
atic
Wo
rkin
gG
rou
ps
Benchmarking
Top
ics
to b
e ad
ress
edin
sm
alle
rsu
bgr
ou
ps/
Tas
k fo
rces
Modelling Platform
Characterisationmethods
Increased Performance
Sustainable Sourcing
Secure Raw Material Supply
Cell chemistry
Advanced materials
Charging Solutions, incl. Fast Charging*
Pack/ System/ BMS Design
ESS
Modelling
WG4Manufacturing &
Cell Design
Scale-up Issues
To be further developedby WG
To be further developedby WG
To be further developedby WG
To be further developedby WG
Advancedmanufacturing
To be further developedby WG
Design for Recycling-cross topic w WG4
Second Use
Battery 2030
Recycling
To be further developedby WG
Benchmarking
Modelling Platform
Characterisationmethods
Increased Performance
Sustainable Sourcing
Secure Raw Material Supply
Scale-up Issues
To be further developedby WG
To be further developedby WG
Design for Recycling-cross topic w WG4
Second Use
Battery 2030
Recycling
Working Group Structure and topics to be addressed
National and Regional Representatives Group
Business Models & Market Development
Skills & Education
Policy & Regulation
Sustainability & Societal Aspects
Cro
ss-C
utt
ing
Issu
es*
Safety & Standardisation
WG1New & Emerging
BatteryTechnologies
WG2 Raw Materials and
Recycling
WG3AdvancedMaterials
WG5 Application and
Integration-Transport
WG6Application and
Integration-Stationary
Second Use* & V2G
Them
atic
Wo
rkin
gG
rou
ps
Benchmarking
Top
ics
to b
e ad
ress
edin
sm
alle
rsu
bgr
ou
ps/
Tas
k fo
rces
Modelling Platform
Characterisationmethods
Increased Performance
Sustainable Sourcing
Secure Raw Material Supply
Cell chemistry
Advanced materials
Charging Solutions, incl. Fast Charging*
Pack/ System/ BMS Design
ESS
Modelling
WG4Cell Design &
Manufacturing
Scale-up Issues
To be further developedby WG
To be further developedby WG
To be further developedby WG
To be further developedby WG
Advancedmanufacturing
To be further developedby WG
Design for Recycling-cross topic w WG4
Second Use
Battery 2030
Recycling
To be further developedby WG
Benchmarking
Modelling Platform
Characterisationmethods
Increased Performance
Sustainable Sourcing
Secure Raw Material Supply
Scale-up Issues
To be further developedby WG
To be further developedby WG
Design for Recycling-cross topic w WG4
Second Use
Battery 2030+
Recycling
WG1New & Emerging
BatteryTechnologies
WG2 Raw Materials and
Recycling
WG3AdvancedMaterials
Them
atic
Wo
rkin
gG
rou
ps
Scope of WG 6: Application & integration – stationary
SCOPE OF WORK
Develop solutions for grid integration and stationary applications for batteries as well as assist in the benchmarking of the state of the art technologies, including Research, Regulation, Business models
Identify research priorities, especially at battery system level and integration into energy system
Identify the technological needs for efficient stationary battery storage system
Provide a working forum for second-life batteries R&I discussion
STAKEHOLDERS
EASE, EUROBAT > as representative of
storage and batteries industry
TSOs, DSOs, Renewable energy sector
representatives > to identify specific
integration and storage needs
OEM > to better identify technological
aspects and the business case for the
second life of batteries
Innovative companies in stationary
storage sector
Research: 25 organizations Industry: 27 organizations along the value chain
WG6 activities
Three first tasks:
T1. KPIs: Review of SET Plan KPIs and target values for batteries
T2. R&I fiches for upcoming Horizon Europe new funding programme
T3. USE-CASES: definition of main use-cases for stationary applications
Plus:
Review of outcomes of Bridge Project + Questionnaire
Strategic Research Agenda: contribution to vision and main
challenges for R&I
WG6 activities: Focus on T1, T2, T3Task 1:
Review of SET Plan KPIs target values to 2025
and 2030, selection and proposal of relevant
KPIs for stationary applications:
• 4 dimensions: Performance, Cost, Manufacturing
and Recycling, Safety and Sustainability
• 10 parameters: Battery life time, Charge/discharge,
Response, Energy density/power, Battery costs,
Production, Recycling, Second life, Safety,
Sustainability
• > 20 KPIs: Cycle life, FEC - Full Equivalent Cycle,
Calendar life, Throughput (proposed as NEW),
Charging Rate time, C-rate , Discharge duration, Self
discharge rate, Roundtrip efficiency (proposed as a
NEW KPI), Response time, Volumetric energy/power
density, Battery system cost for ESS, LCoES per cycle,
CAPEX, Battery cell BOM (€/kWh), Utility storage
Battery cell production, Collection rate, Recycling
efficiency, Economic viability, Second life business-
case, Safety, Sustainability, MTBI (proposed as NEW)
Delivery: End of June, then use-case specific KPIs
Task 2:
6 R&I short-term actions proposed
• Bottom-up process: 33 call topics
proposed, clustered in 10 topics (several
iterations)
• Wide participation: a team work
• Prioritization exercise: assessment round
on importance and urgency
• Optimization: from 10 to 6 topics
• Final drafting and review round
Task 3:
OBJECTIVE: identify BESS use-cases,
battery requirements and specific
KPIs.
OUTPUT:
• Description of the market segments
and estimate of size and trends (up
to 2030)
• Definition of use-cases considering
applications and services
Actions
• Collected and reviewed reports,
market studies etc.
• Classified specific aspects for Use
Cases of stationary batteries
• Segmentation of applications for
stationary batteries
• Link between Use Cases and KPIs
EUROPEEUROPEAN TECHNOLOGY
AND INNOVATION PLATFORM
Join the Battery R&I community at: [email protected]
June 2020
What is Batteries Europe ETIP?
A European Technology and Innovation Platform for Batteries
An R&I focused network for all battery stakeholders
The "one stop shop for Batteries R&I"
Batteries Europe is not a funding program however if you want to…
Network with the battery community
Understand the state of play in the battery eco-system
Influence the R&I agenda for batteries on both European and National level
R&I Initatives
TRL 7-9
TRL 1-7Batteries partnership, incl. longterm research
Connects all R&I at all TRL levels, industry driven R&I
EBA250: industrial projects
Inter-regional partnership Important Projects of Common European Interest (IPCEI's)Stakeholder
Networks
Linking European Battery Networks
Deliverables for next 12 months
• Benchmarking & development overview of the
current state-of-art
• Contribution to KPI setting
• Standardisation methodology - develops
standardised metrics for reporting results
• Revision of SET Plan targets
• Establishment of projects database
• First version of Strategic Research Agenda
19
Batteries Europe is an inclusive, operational and
proactive coordination platform focused on battery
related R&I
Batteries Europe develops key strategic documents for the Battery R&I community, covering the entire battery value chain and all TRL levels including technology roadmaps and an updated Strategic Research Agenda
• Identifies main research and innovation needs in Europe
• Provides strategic outlooks and timelines on what specific technologies are needed to reach the objectives identified – and what is need to keep their development on track
• Identifies the most important needs/areas/technologies for the upcoming 5-7 years covering the entire battery value chain – including specific technologies and timelines to develop those technologies
• Identifies new challenges and issues that could be faced by the Battery R&I community and ensures that R&I activities are inline with relevant industrial opportunities
• Provides clear and concise recommendations for actions to reach those goals
Batteries Europe is the “one stop shop for the Battery R&I Community
• Focal point of information, exchanges, priority setting and co-operation on batteries R&I
• Aims to create/reinforce networks between all stakeholders at international, European, national and regional levels
• Shares information about and brings together different projects to foster synergies
25th of June 2019 in Brussels
Over 230 stakeholders attended
Strong interest from Member states – large National and Regional presence
Strong support from European Commission incl. DG Energy, DG RTD, DG Move, DG Grow
Kick Off of Batteries Europe ETIP in June
2019
OVERVIEW OF THE CONSORTIUM AND IT'S NETWORK
Elected Governing Board Members 2019/2020
Positions Elected Candidates
Chair Michael Lippert, SAFT
France
Vice-Chair – R&I Paolo Cerruti, Northvolt
Sweden
Vice Chair - OEM Tobias Lösche-ter Horst, Volkswagen
Germany
Future and Emerging
Technologies
Rosa Palacin Peiro, CSIC
Spain
Raw Materials & Recycling Tuomas van der Meer, Outotec
Finland
Advanced Materials Kurt Vandeputte, Umicore
Belgium
Cell Design and Manufacturing Stefano Saguatti, Manz Italy SRL
Italy
Mobile Application Matthias Brendel, AVL List GmBH
Austria
Stationary Applications Etienne Brière, EDF
France
Heritage from SET Plan Implementation Plan
Working Group
• Initiated in March 2017
• Key stakeholders delivered the implementation plan in October 2017
• Working Groups continued to evolve and develop organically
• Laid an excellent foundation of experts for Batteries Europe ETIP
• Batteries Europe took up the task to support the work of the IWG in January 2019
Integrated SET-Plan Action 7"Become competitive in the global battery
sector to drive e-mobility and stationary storageforward
Continuation of the work started within IWG7
Recycling
Advanced Materials
Manufacturing
Application and Integration
Fast Charging
Second Use
Cross Cutting Issues
SET Plan IWG7 Subgroups
Lead: Pascal Newton
Transfer to BatteRIes EuropeIWG7 Meeting; January
New & Emerging Battery Technologies
Raw Materials and RecyclingContinues, broadened scope
Advanced MaterialsContinues
Cell Design & ManufacturingContinues, broadened scope
Application and Integration- Mobility
Application and Integration- Stationary
Split into mobile and stationary solutions
Fast charging included in MobilitySecond use is a cross-cutting topic
Integrated across all WG's
New, long-term perspective
National & Regional Coordinators Group (NRCG) – Current Lead: Pascal Newton Stronger involvement of MS
Confirmed Working Group Chairs and Co-Chairs for
first year of operation
Michael KrausaKLIB
ThematicWorkingGroups
WG1
New & EmergingBattery
Technologies
WG2
Raw Materials and Recycling
WG3
Advanced Materials
WG 4
Manufacturing and Cell Design
WG5
Application and Integration-
Mobile
WG6
Application and Integration-Stationary
Chair Kristina EdströmUppsala University
Ilkka KojoOutotec
Fabrice Stassin Umicore
Oscar M. Crespo CIDETEC
Simon PerraudCEA
Luigi Lanuzza ENEL
Co Chair Stefano PasseriniHelmholtz Institute
Olli SalmiEIT Raw Materials
Silvia BodoardoPolitecnico di
TorinoEERA ES
Carlo Novarese,FAAM/Lithops
Franz GeyerBMW
Javier OlarteCIC Energigune
Co-ChairPhilippe Stevens
EDFAlain Vassart
EBRADaniel Gloesener,
SolvayJosef Affenzeller
AVL Jesus Varela Sanz
Iberdrola
Research Industry
Sherpa Ivana Hasa,KIT
Mari Lundström, Aalto university
Marcel Meeus, EMIRI Arno Kwade,TU Braunschweig
Lucie BeaumelEGVIA
Rachele Nocera, ENEA
Huge interest & motivation
WG1New & Emerging Battery
Technologies
WG2 Raw Materials and Recycling
WG3Advanced Materials
WG5 Application and Integration-
Mobility
WG6Application and Integration-
Stationary
WG4Cell Design & Manufacturing
National and Regional Coordinators Group (NRCG)
Industry
Associations
R&I Community
82 experts
58 experts
82 experts
58 experts
108 experts
69 experts
73 participants
Scope of WG1: New and Emerging Battery Technologies
SCOPE OF WORK
• BATTERY 2030+• Modelling platform• Characterisation methods• Increased performance• Benchmarking• And more suggested by the
WG members…
STAKEHOLDERS
• Universities and research organizations• Associations
Battery 2030+ members, EERA, Faraday Challenge, Alistore ERI, SAFT Alliance and REA (Research Executive Agency) ….. National, regional or European initiatives which are developing R&I roadmaps and research programs concerning low TRL battery technology
• IndustryBroaden industrial participation of material producers
Scope of WG 2: Raw Materials and Recycling
SCOPE OF WORK
• Securing the Supply of Primary Raw Materials
• Sustainable Sourcing, Traceability and Labelling
• Battery Raw Material LCA• Sustainable Processing of Li, Co,
Ni and Graphite materials up to precursor level
• Industrial Integration with Recycled Batteries
• 2nd Life
STAKEHOLDERS
Industrial participantsMiningProcessingRecycling (both collectors and processing)OEMs
Institutional participantsUniversitiesResearch Institutes
Scope of WG 3: Advanced Materials
SCOPE OF WORK
• Strong basis will be the EMIRI strategic innovation roadmap (close to completion)
• Technology scope will be gen 3, gen 4 and gen 5 to some extent (techs not being at TRL of 3 are better addressed in WG1)
• Next to product-related innovation, we need to address process-related innovation (producing with less environmental footprint)
STAKEHOLDERS
• Contributors with key knowledgeon advanced materials for batteries
• From university, RTOs, industry• Call for industrials to get on
board since our focus is on advanced materials reasonablyclose to the market
Scope of WG 4: Cell Design and manufacturing
SCOPE OF WORK
• To strongly support the development
and success of European large scale
battery cell production in Europe
• Enhance discussion across the value
chain
• Address R+D challenges
• Address CC issues: IPR,
sustainability, standardization, training
and others
STAKEHOLDERS
• INDUSTRY: Battery cell, Materials, Machinery manufacturers
• END USERS: integrators: OEMs, pack assemblers
• RTOs • Industrial ASSOCIATIONS & Platforms• Specific INITIATIVES: eg. EU Pilot Line
Network, IPCEI, Battery 2030+…
Scope of WG5: Application & integration – mobile
STAKEHOLDERS
• IndustryBattery modules/packsMotor vehicles (passenger cars, buses,
two-wheelers, trucks, construction vehicles, agricultural vehicles, etc.)
Rail transportWaterborne transportAerospacePowertoolsMobile robots, etc
• Universities and research organizations
• Associations
SCOPE OF WORK
• Application requirements• Module/pack design (electrical,
mechanical and thermal engineering)• Module/pack manufacturing• BMS (algorithms, software and
hardware)
Role of the thematic working groups
Composed of experts from industry, academy and associations, MS and Commission
Services
Involvement and contribution of all the stakeholders of the battery sector as a whole,
providing vision, inputs, guidance and continuous feedback for the development of the
integrated R&I Roadmap.
• Define scope and themes to be addressed in each WG• Identify new challenges and issues that could be faced by the Battery R&I community• Ensure that R&I activities are inline with relevant industrial opportunities• Share knowledge and expertise of existing R&I activities in their relative sector• Examine methodologies for implementation of concrete actions, especially SET Plan Action 7• Provide clear and concise recommendations for actions to reach those goals
Large degree of freedom to develop papers and initiatives aiming at fostering the development of thebattery value chain in Europe.
Your work will feed into key strategy documents of BatteRIes Europe!
Scope of NRCG
SCOPE OF WORK
Coordination of national & European R&D agenda in the field of a competitive European battery industry
STAKEHOLDERS
Representatives of National or
Regional authorities :
• Policy makers
• Programmes Owners
• Programmes Managers
Currently :
• 11 Countries : DE, FI, FR, LT, NL,
PL, PT, SE, SI, TR, UK
• 7 Regions : Basque country,
Bavaria, Brussels, Flanders,
Nouvelle Aquitaine, Vestland,
Wallonie,
Common tasks and deliverables for WG's
• Provide clear directional focus for Battery R&I to all stakeholders
• Build a well informed, well networked, co-operative Battery R&I community
• Support a continuous R&I flow to the growing battery industry
• Identify new applications and markets for today's and tomorrow's battery technology
• Boost the growth of European Battery industry through European R&I
Development the Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) by a collaboration of the JRC (SETIS), the EC, MS, the ETIP working group leaders and
other key stakeholders.
A table for all stakeholders
• Get involved:
• Ensure industry gets it's say and gains a strong position in the Battery Ecosystem
• WG members engagement
• National and Regional Coordination Groups engagement
• National Battery Networks also very necessary to identify the opportunities unique to each country
Industry
EU Commission
The Need
1. Energy Balancing
Enabling renewables to power the grid
The Problem
1. The world’s power grids are moving to
renewables
2. Most renewables are intermittent
They generate when they want to, not when we want
3.Demand is baseload (constant)
and dispatchable (variable)
4.Therefore storage is needed to turn
intermittent generation into
baseload and dispatchable supply
Energy Transition Plans
Most EU countries expect to import
during times of system stress
1. After sunset on a windless winter evening
2. Weather patterns that extend this to max. 2
weeks over most of the continent (“kalte
dunkel Flaute”)
3. Cost of 120-180GW interconnectors 2,000
miles across EU, both north-south and east-
west
4. Cost of grid stability services
But if all are importing, who is
exporting?
1. Need to store to keep the lights on
2. Large-scale long-duration storage: multi-GW,
up to 2 weeks, in each country
Scale, Duration, Response Times
Response Times Duration (max.) Size (max. economical UK)
Technology Ine
rtia
Pse
ud
o-i
ne
rtia
Sub
-se
con
d (
EFR
)
Fre
qu
en
cy R
esp
on
se 1
:
10
se
con
ds
Fre
qu
en
cy R
esp
on
se 2
:
30
se
con
ds
STO
R:
30
min
ute
s
15
min
ute
s
30
min
ute
s
2 h
ou
rs
5 h
ou
rs
Day
s
To 2
MW
To 2
0M
W
To 2
00
MW
> 2
00
MW
Flywheels
Demand Side Response
Lithium batteries
Lead-acid batteries
Flow batteries
Pumped hydro
Compressed Air Thermal
Compressed Air Hybrid
The winning technology is…
All of the above!
Each brings its own benefits
All together enable renewables to power the grid
The Need
2. Distributed Systems
Enabling renewables to power the grid
Demand Turn-Up
• When system energy drops too low (UK: 5GW), it has insufficient power to start and synchronisegeneration
• Black Start Mode
• Excessive distribution-connected generation reduces demand on the transmission grid
• Transmission demand needs to be increased to keep enough electricity flowing
• Curtailment
• Negative prices: paying to turn up demand
• Storage can absorb this, if big enough
Coronavirus: a Dry Run for 2030 Demand Minima?
Renewables are a very high % of
demand
1. Peak demand holds up well
2. Off-peak demand plummets
Afternoon low is lower than overnight
3. Peak-to-trough increases rapidly
4. Storage / load-shifting requirement is
more than doubled
5. This graph highlights distributed
renewables: adding grid-connected
renewables makes the challenge even
more extreme.
9-10 May 2020: National Grid
Turned down nuclear and wind to turn on
CCGTs
Started using SuperSEL, a new contract
type to run inertial plant at ultra-low
output, just to increase inertia
3 May 2020
The Need
3. Grid Stability
Enabling renewables to power the grid
What Is Inertia?
45
• If a car engine fails, the car’s weight gives inertia so the car can stop safely
• Otherwise comes to a dead halt immediately
• Inertia in the electricity system slows the rate of change of voltage and frequency
• Power stations deliver inertia• Large rotating machines
• Power stations are closing fast
• Too little inertia means an unstable grid
Grid Stability: Falling Inertia
Inertia Dropping Rapidly
1. Synthetic inertia is NOT like the
real thing – UK black-outs 9/8/19
2. Many stability services depend on
real inertia, e.g. ROCOF (Rate of
Change of Frequency)
3. Real reactive power/load
Costly and inefficient for batteries
Cheap and easy for inertial storageUK as an example for Europe. Source: National Grid 29/4/20
Systems With and Without Inertia
Without Inertia
• Wind generation
• Solar generation
• Interconnectors
• Batteries
• All kinds
• Flow batteries
• Vehicle to Grid (V2G)
• Any DC connected
technology
With Inertia
1.Power stations
Fossil fueled
Biomass
Green gas (e.g. from anaerobic digestion [AD])
2.Hydroelectric and Pumped Hydro
3.Compressed Air Energy Storage
(CAES)
4.Liquid Air Energy Storage
5.Flywheels
The Need
4. Black Start
Enabling renewables to power the grid
When All Else Has Failed: Black Start
Black Start Sequence
1. Start the facility without external
power
2. Create a frequency reference
3. Start neighbouring generation to
create a “power island”
Power
Inertia
Frequency
Duration
4. Synchronise with neighbouring
power islands
Conclusion
Enabling renewables to power the grid
Fitting the Technologies Together
• If we only had motorways and main roads…
• We couldn’t get to our homes, offices and shops
• If we only had small roads…• We couldn’t get anywhere fast or far
• If we go far on small roads…• It’ll take forever to get there
• If we go fast on small roads…• We’ll crash
Use each technology for its strengths
Don’t try to apply one solution to all problems
Enabling renewables to power grids is
like the road system enabling the
economy.
Webinar 2020
Storage in the energy system
Market overview
June 22, 2020
Enrique Morgades Prat – ETIP SNET WG2 Co-Chair
Webinar structureWorking Group 2
Webinar structureWorking Group 2
Webinar structureWorking Group 2
Webinar structureWorking Group 2
TECHNICO-ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES
ETIP SNET – Webinar on energy storage
Etienne SORIN - EDF R&D
June 2020
HOW TO EVALUATE THE FUTURE POSITION OF STORAGE IN THE ELECTRIC SYSTEM?
STORAGE CANNOT BE PERCEIVED AS A SINGLE PRODUCT
BNEF’s 2019 forecast for stationary storage
STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES ARE NOT ONLY IN COMPETITION BUT CAN ALSO BE COMPLEMENTARY
Examples of application
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Consommation Production
Generation
injected in the grid
Consumption from
the grid
Self consumption
Charge
Discharge
Consumption Generation
PHS
CAES
Hydrogen
< Seconds Minutes Hours
Power
Energy
Batteries
Flywheels
Frequency regulation
Congestion management
Peak shaving
MonthsDays
Heat & cold storage
Services
Technologies
Load shiftingSource: EDF R&D
Auto-consumption Frequency regulation
Grid frequency (Hz)
Storage dispatch (kW)
A SMALL CHANGE IN THE MARKET STRUCTURE CAN HAVE A STRONG IMPACT ON STORAGE
PROFITABILITY
Peak price drop
Discharge price (peak)
Charge price (off peak)
Pri
ce
sp
rea
d
Storage losses
Storage revenue
[€/MWh]
Sp
ot p
rice
[€/M
Wh
]
0
Discharge price 50€/MWh
Price spread 30€/MWh
Storage revenue ~26.5€/MWh
Efficiency : 85% Charge price : 20€/MWh
Exam
ple
Discharge price -10%
Price spread ~-17%
Storage revenue ~-19%
Efficiency : 85% Charge price : 20€/MWh
Capex
&Opex
Sp
ot p
rice
[€/M
Wh
]
Discharge price (peak)
Charge price (off peak)
Pri
ce
sp
rea
d
Storage losses
Storage revenue
[€/MWh]
0
THE REVENUES OF STORAGE CANNOT BE EXPLAINED ONLY BY AVERAGE PRICES
0,5
0,6
0,7
0,8
0,9
1
1,1
1,2
2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Evolution of the revenue of a 6 hour storage (85% eff) VS the yearly average price in France(base 2010)
Storage revenue Yearly average price+
THE VERSATILITY OF STORAGE PUSHES FOR AN DETAILED MODELISATION OF THE SYSTEM
System modelisation
Generators and
storage dispatch
Investment loop
Storage outputs
Revenues and
profitability
Market depth
Technology
comparison
Other Inputs
Investment costs
Fuel costs
CO2 prices
Network transfer capacities
Variable generation
Location of VG
Hourly load factors (or
lower resolution)
VG forecast errors
Other variability sources
Demand time series
Generation dynamic
constraints
THE MARKET DEPTH FOR STORAGE HIGHLY DEPENDS ON THE CONTEXT THROUGH THE ENERGY
MIX AS WELL AS THROUGH GRID INTERCONNECTIONS
EV charging
infrastructure and Grid
inertia
How does a flywheel work
Energy= ½*Inertia*Speed²
Energy from the Grid
time
Pow
er
/
Speed
Energy into the Grid
time
Pow
er
/
Speed
• Speed matters more than
mass
• The ratio of material
strength and density
determines the maximum
energy which can be
stored
Rotation
PHYSICSCONSEQUENC
E
The OXTO battery technical legacy
Inertia Drive (ID), the Next GenerationFlywheel *
The Inertia Drive technology is based on the flywheel mechanical battery concept that stores
kinetic energy in the form of a rotating mass . Our innovations focus on Design, Assembly and
Manufacturing Processes.
We have taken proprietary
& proven space technology
…and brought it to
earth to commercialise
it! *IP granted: Patent
#GB2489523 (hyperlink)
International Patent Application
No: PCT/GB2019/052636Member of the 1000 Solutions
initiative (Solar Impulse
Foundation)
OPERATIONAL IN WIDE TEMPERATURE
RANGES
(-45°C to +65 °C)
HIGH POWER DENSITY – Very fast
response
100% DEPTH OF
DISCHARGE
No degradation
HIGH AVAILABILITY (>99%) – LOW
MAINTENANCE
EASY TO MASS MANUFACTURE
– Pure metallic steel, no magnets
UNLIMITED CYCLES OF
CHARGE
+ 20 YEARS
Main differentiation points with other
flywheels – Safe design and mass-
manufacturing focused
SAFE DESIGN,
CONTAINMENT
Flywheels can play a critical role in the circular economy
• Clean tech – steel or carbon fibre
• Emission free
• Ultra low noise levels
• No hazardous material
• 100% recyclable
LARGE NUMBER OF CYCLES PER DAY
CONTROL OF VOLTAGE VARIATIONS TO
AVOID EV CHARGER DAMAGE
REDUCE STRESS ON DISTRIBUTION GRID
TOP-UP OVER GRID CONNECTIONS
FAST CHARGE GUARANTEE ANYTIME
Application #1 – EV charging
Enabling EV charging
stations to guarantee
the fastest charging
time for any fleet of
vehicles
CUSTOMER BENEFIT
Flywheel vs. Chemical storage – significant cost savings and faster charging
£ £ £ £Interconnection & Infrastructure
Cost
£Maintenance Cost Chemical
£Replacement Cost
Disposal Cost £0£
𝟏
𝟒
£Installation Cost
Fast charging - Anywhere
Anytime
The Grid
Chemical
Hybrid Is The SolutionThe future is hybrid storage systems – where flywheels compliment Chemical and Hydrogen storage solutions
Flywheels will guarantee charging
thanks to large cycles and power density
Energy sourcesChemical batteries and Hydrogen storage technologies will act as an
energy tank
SMOOTHEN RENEWABLE PRODUCTION
(50+ cycles/day)
SYNTHETIC INERTIA
LOWER COST OVER LIFETIMEi.e. improves ROI of wind farms by 15%
with xx% less cost over lifetime
CORRECT VOLTAGE
SPIKES/SAGS/SURGE
S
FLICKER-LESS POWER PROVISION
Application #2 – Grid stabilisation for renewable energy
sources
•Enabling solar and wind
farms to become
autonomous and perfectly
neutral for grid stability.
• Islanding & connected
modes
CUSTOMER BENEFIT
Electricity grids – main challenge
The grid needs to continuously balance
what is been generated and what is been
consumed to ensure a stable supply of
electricity to homes and businesses.
Grid transition from high to low inertia
HIGH
INERTIA
LOW
INERTIA
What is inertia
Low inertia = Sudden stop of
movement
High inertia = Continuous
movement allowing momentum
growth
Connection loss with grid The grid system continues to
perform with slow fading and
allows time for generators and
other infrastructures to act
vs.
Why is inertia important?
Lack of inertia can result in massive blackouts and
subsequent critical financial damage to cities.
2003
NYC to Toronto
2016
Australia
2019
UK
Renewable integration presents a challenge for inertia
To ensure the best integration of renewable energy
with the grid we need advanced controls and
technologies that will ensure grid stability and
reliability
OXTO flywheel
Fast & very high power density
Lifetime of power plants (+25
years)
Existing markets & evolution
Ireland DS3
DS3 services include inertia (2018)
Australia
• South Australia: regulator
imposes inertia capabilities for
new non-synchronous
generators (2017)
• Australia: AEMC makes
frequency response mandatory
for all generators (March 2020)
UK
National Grid Stability Pathfinder
(2020)
Thank you
Index
History of Storelectric 3
CCGT CAES Solution 4
TES CAES Solution 5
Hybrid Solution 6
Key Developer Benefits 7-8
Magnum, Storelectric and MHPS 8
Plant Revenue Streams 9
Team 10
Contact Information 11
History of Company
Jeff Draper identified the need for
large-scale long-duration storage
to make tidal power economic
JD having identified CAES, Mark
Howitt developed TES CAES:
increasing efficiency 50 => 70%,
eliminating emissions
Tallat Azad ran an Alstom
business which provided the
TES; joined Storelectric,
developed CCGT CAES: retro-
fittable, 60%
Wyre estuary at low tide: 10m range
La Rance Tidal Barrage, Britanny France
McIntosh CAES, Alabama, USA
Huntorf CAES, Germany
Storelectric CAES Solutions (1) – CCGT CAES
Gas based CAES Solution
♦ Uses natural gas or other gas-based
energy sources◊ Transition to hydrogen as it becomes available
♦ Emissions ~half of conventional CCGT
plants
♦ Round trip efficiencies between 50-60%
depending on MW size
♦ Multiple power trains to improve plant
flexibility, opex and revenues
♦ Retro-fittable on brownfield sites with
existing OCGT or CCGT plants – new life
to stranded assets
♦ Can re-purpose existing gas caverns
♦ Co-location with renewable generators
and interconnectors improves the
profitability of each
♦ Profitable without subsidy
♦ Technology owned by Storelectric Ltd
Storelectric CAES Solutions (2) – TES CAES
Thermal Energy Storage (TES) Based CAES
Solution
♦ Green solution – no emissions
♦ Round trip Efficiency of 62-70% depending
on MW size, configuration
♦ Multiple power trains to improve plant
flexibility, opex and revenues
♦ Re-purposing of existing gas caverns
possible
♦ Co-location with renewable generators and
interconnectors improves the profitability of
each
♦ Levelised cost of electricity is cheaper than
a gas-fired peaking plant
♦ Profitable without subsidy
♦ Licensed from TES CAES Technology Ltd
Storelectric CAES Solutions (3) – Hybrid CAES
Hybrid of the 2
technologies
• Normal operation: a more efficient
and more powerful CCGT CAES• Can operate in TES CAES mode
• Can operate as a CCGT if stored energy is
exhausted
• Longer duration than TES CAES
• More flexible
Key Magnum Benefits (1)
© Storelectric Ltd 2020 All rights reserved. Information in this document is indicative only, and is the view of the management at the time of writing. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any particular
project, which will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use, disclosure to third parties without Storelectric’s express written authority is strictly prohibited.
Advanced Compressed Air
Energy Storage (CAES)
The world’s most cost-effective
large-scale long-duration
electricity storage
Widely implementable globally
Low risk technologies
Validations by global
engineering multinationals
Outstanding benefits to grids,
renewable generators
Strong returns on investment
Storelectric’s large-scale long-duration storage is the key
to enabling renewables to power the grid, by providing
services including:
• Arbitrage (making the markets work better)
• Balancing services (e.g. producing when wind/solar
don’t, and vice versa)
• Ancillary services (where response time is at a
premium)
• Grid stability services (helping grids to ride out faults
etc.)
• Other services, e.g. black start
Grids and governments globally are appreciating the
issue; e.g. UK National Grid’s Future Energy Scenarios
2019 requires 20-28GW of mostly long-duration storage
by 2050 to achieve 80% emissions reduction; Net Zero
will require more.
Key Magnum Benefits (2)
© Storelectric Ltd 2020. All rights reserved. Information in this document is indicative only, and is the view of the management at the time of writing. No representation or warranty is given or should be relied on that it is complete or correct or will apply to any
particular project, which will depend on the technical and commercial circumstances. It is provided without liability and is subject to change without notice. Reproduction, use, disclosure to third parties without Storelectric’s express written authority is strictly
prohibited.
Stand-Alone Plants
• Profitable without subsidy when trading in a
moderately level regulatory playing-field• Already profitable in the UK
• Best mitigation of regulatory risk• No long-term contracts in electricity in Europe
• Regulators change constantly as they work out
how to regulate net-zero grids
• Best mitigation is to have a plant flexible
enough and with a big enough revenue stack
to trade profitably however regulations may
change
• Storelectric’s CAES are the most flexible
plants, with the tallest revenue stacks, on the
grid
• Essential for de-carbonizing grids
In Conjunction with Renewables
1. For the renewable generator: Halves the size of wind farm grid connection (2/3
reduction for solar)
Corresponding reductions in grid reinforcement
Enables wind farms to be doubled (solar tripled) on
the same grid connection
Eliminates grid access charges
Reduces curtailment
2. For interconnectors Enables import/export even when there is insufficient
imbalance of resources
Carries up to 6x solar energy than direct connection
3. For the storage plant: Shares the grid connection (zero cost)
Assured clean energy supply
Zero grid access charges for purchase
Storelectric and MHPS
Storelectric has a close
relationship with MHPS in Europe,
and a Letter of Intent saying that
they:
Have validated our technologies;
Can build them from existing
equipment;
Would consider providing an
EPC Wrap;
Are considering investment
Other Technical Validation Results
• Costain• “The system is robust and works well under all the sensitivities tested
during this study. For the base case the efficiency calculated was
63.1%, with a range of 61% to 63.5% .... The dynamic simulation
conducted by Fortum show good correlation with the results of this
report stating efficiencies of 62 to 64%. Previous works by Oswald
Consultancy and Siemens put the efficiency at 62.3 and 62.7%
respectively, albeit the process setup was marginally different.”
• Fortum• “The simulations confirm the system is dynamically stable and should
operate satisfactorily as intended on a daily cycle with equal power
ratings for both compression and generation;
• “The expected system round trip efficiency for the base case is 62.5%
(this includes idle time heat losses and the higher losses associated
with a sub optimised thermal storage tank),• They later evaluated a revised TES configuration, which both simplified
the system and increased efficiency to 63.5%
• “In the scope of this study no specific problem areas have been
identified that would affect performance or operability of the TES
CAES plant.
• Siemens• "The components are available, the caverns are available, it does
work and it will work."
Revenue Streams Per Plant – 2020 and Forecast
Distributio
n
Connected
Plant
Transmissi
on
Connected
Plant
£/kW p.a.
Gross
Margin
£124/kW £116/kW
£p.a. per
typical
40/500MW
plant
£4.96m £58m
Not Evaluatedand therefore up-side potential♦ Black Start;♦ Other stability services such as those currently being
developed by National Grid;♦ Location-specific revenues e.g. for constraint management;♦ Seasonal Storage;♦ Contracts with Distribution Services Operators (DSOs) such
as are traded on PicloFlex (and further platforms and services are also under development);
♦ Imbalance pricing arbitrage and hedging services;♦ Bilateral Agreements (e.g. Power Purchase Agreements) for
sale of electricity;♦ Bilateral Offtake Agreements for purchase of electricity;♦ Potential synergies from co-locating with renewable
generation, such as sharing grid connections and eliminating grid access charges for purchase;
♦ Selling to local consumers by private wire, hence eliminating grid access charges for sale.
Source: Baringa, 2020
All figures assume zero public
funding and zero subsidies
Revenues apply to both
technologies
UK Revenues
TeamTallatAzad
Managing Director
Project Director for Alstom’s CAES product
solution within Alstom Switzerland before
returning back to the Alstom UK.
Mark Howitt
Chief Technical Officer (CTO), Co-founder
Graduated in Physics with Electronics, 12
years management and innovation
consultancy world-wide.
Jeff Draper
Chief Financial Officer (CFO), Co-founder
Graduated in Maths and Physics, chartered
accountant, worked with Arthur Andersen
and as an accountancy
partner.
Paul Davies
Advisor to the Board
Former Senior Partner, PwC Corporate
Finance. Was instrumental in the corporate
structuring of Carbon Capture and Storage ,
the Channel Tunnel Rail Link, the widening of
the M25, and London Underground.
Professor Stuart HaszeldineOBE
Geotechnical Advisor, Geosciences,
University of Edinburgh
Professor of CCS at the University of
Edinburgh School of GeoSciences, ranked
6th in world for Environment & Ecology
behind five US institutions.
Tim Leaman
IT Director
In 2006 set up a small agency focusing on
marketing for SME’s. This business then
evolved into its present format, i.e. websites
and online marketing.
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