The march of the artificial
insemination in Iraq (2014 – 1955)
Prepared by
Dr. Musadaq D. Ali Faris F. I. Al-Shwkh Dr. Talal A. Abdulkareem
Dr. Sajeda M. Eidan Karim I. Al-Badry Kamil F. Hurish
Wedad I. Mustafa Mohammed J. Mhaimeed Omar A. Mohammed
Ministry of Agriculture
Directorate of Animal
Resources
Department of
Artificial Insemination
The march of the artificial insemination
in Iraq (2014 – 1955)
Prepared by
Dr. Musadaq D. Ali Faris F. I. Al-Shewkh Dr. Talal A. Abdulkareem General Director Director Assistant Professor
Directorate of Animal Resource Department of Artificial Insemination College of Agriculture
University of Baghdad
Dr. Sajeda M. Eidan Karim I. Al-Badry Kamil F. Hurish Assistant Professor Assistant Professor Consultant Vet.
College of Agriculture College of Veterinary Medicine Department of Artificial Insemination University of Baghdad University of Baghdad
Wedad I. Mustafa Mohammed J. Mhaimeed Omar A. Mohammed
Consultant Vet. Consultant Vet. Agricultural Eng.
Department of Artificial Department of Artificial Department of Artificial
Insemination Insemination Insemination
List of Contents
Page No. Title
1 Speech of Dr. Musadaq D. Ali
2 Speech of Faris F. I. Al-Shewkh
3 Names of the gentlemen who were responsible for managing the
Artificial Insemination Department
4 Reality of the artificial insemination activity in Iraq
6 The Activity Structure
6 The productive aspect
6 The service aspect
9 Table (1). Artificial Insemination Centers operating in Baghdad and
other provinces
10 Production Efficiency of the Artificial Insemination Department
11 Table (2). Production and sales of the main center at Abu-Ghraib
from frozen semen straws during 1991-2013
12 Table (3). Implementation rates of artificial insemination,
pregnancy detection and reproductive care for the entire provinces
of Iraq during (1962-2013)
14 The Artificial Insemination Department
14 Semen collection division
14 Production and manufacture of frozen semen straws division
15 Animal management and nutrition division
16 Animals health care division
16 Embryo transfer division
17 Liquid nitrogen production division
18 Administrative division
18 Artificial insemination division in Abu-Ghraib
18 Artificial insemination division in Al-Yusufiya
19 Artificial insemination division in Al-Mahmoudiya
19 Artificial insemination division in Dora
19 Artificial insemination division in Radhwaniya
19 Artificial insemination division in Taji
19 Artificial insemination division in Fudhaylia
20 Artificial insemination division in Rashidiya
20 Genetic resources division
21 Embryo Transfer Project in Iraq
28 Theses that have been implemented in the Artificial Insemination
Department, Directorate of Animal Resources, Ministry of
Agriculture (1977 – 2014)
Page No. Title
32 Researches that have been implemented in the Artificial
Insemination Department, Directorate of Animal Resources,
Ministry of Agriculture
(7991 – 4172)
37 Researches that have been implemented in the Artificial
Insemination Department, Directorate of Animal Resources,
Ministry of Agriculture for the agricultural and veterinary Bachelor
degree students
40 Training courses and Meetings for Artificial Insemination
Department personnel outside of Iraq (1975-2012)
45 Training courses for Artificial Insemination Department personnel
Inside of Iraq (2004-2013)
56 Recent advances conducted at Artificial Insemination Department,
Directorate of Animal Resources, Ministry of Agriculture during
2012-2014))
1
Animal Resource is one of the important infrastructure for the
agricultural sector of Iraq through its active role in improving the economic
development and increasing national income in Iraq. The artificial
insemination and what can it play a pivotal role in enhancing the livestock
productivity in general and cows in particular has form over five decades
the mainstay of this sector through the dissemination of superior genetic factors among
the animals, and consequently increased animals productivity and owners income
accordingly. The Directorate of Animal Resource has been since its inception to support
the Department of Artificial Insemination and provided with all the elements of
continuity and development. What has been achieved from the upsurge in its production
and the evolution of its work and modern techniques introduced within the course of its
production testament to the continued support for this sector. We, through this great
process of artificial insemination in Iraq, which was previously other than the Arab and
Middle East countries, we record our pride and thank God that we were who loll will
intervene in the development and upgrading it. We are honored to offer through this book
, the march of this great edifice in Iraq on the anniversary of its fifty establishment and
the great scientific output of it and we hope that we live up to it and develop it more in
the coming years toward the ranks of advanced countries in this area in line with the
significant role it plays within the animal resource.
Dr. Musadaq D. Ali
General Director of Animal Resource Directorate
Ministry of Agriculture
2
For more than six decades, and still artificial insemination technique in
cattle stride confident and rapid in the world, where preceded other
techniques, due to its great importance in bringing about the desired genetic
improvement and ease of the procedure and lower cost. We are in Iraq and
after the passage of five decades starting this technology, we are proud of
what we have achieved an increase in the production of frozen semen straws and making
of self-sufficiency in all provinces of Iraq with good conception and pregnancy rates and
keep abreast of recent developments in this area. As we write in this book the lines of
artificial insemination march in Iraq with all its signs of prosperity and deterioration, I
am honored to extend my capacity as director of this department to thank and praise the
great all those who contributed to the success of this large step in Iraq and sought in
prosperity or put a brick in the great edifice. I am also pleased to extend my greater
appreciation and gratitude for all set their beautiful imprint in the preparation of this book
to remain as immortal radiant reminds the future posterity for what, researchers and
pioneers made over many years. I also wish that I record my apologies for all of
anonymity inadvertently disregarded in this book, but, they surely will remain in our
hearts, we derive strength from them for the coming days. Our big ambitions to make us
constantly strive to add new technologies and developed methods to our work towards
increasing frozen semen straws and improve the quality of cooperation with all the
scientific and academic related organizations.
Mr. Faris F. I. Al-Shewkh
Director of Artificial Insemination Department
Directorate of Animal Resource
Ministry of Agriculture
3
Names of the gentlemen who were responsible for managing the Artificial
Insemination Department
- In 1955-1969, the Artificial Insemination Department was a part of Cow Department
headed by the Agricultural Engineer Sami A. Al-Kaseer.
- In 1965, the Egyptian expert, Dr. Farooq El-Desoki was arrived to Iraq and continued its
administration guidance of artificial insemination. The Department was as a Division
managed by the Agricultural Engineer Mr. Abdul Jabbar Ali Khan.
- Since 1969, many gentlemen have shared the responsibility of managing Artificial
Insemination Department, as listed below, for the periods set out about all of them.
Manager Name Degree Year
From To Murtatha K. Al-Hakim PhD Reproductive
Physiology
1969 1972
Hashim D. L. Muhsen B.SC. Veterinary
Medicine
1972 1982
Jabbar A. R. Al-Rubei B.SC. Veterinary
Medicine 1982 1983
Adnan S. Al-Janabi
PhD Surgery and
Obstetrics
1983 1986
Aziz H. Y. Al-Lami M.SC.
Theriogenology
1986 1988
Husam H. Al-Najar PhD Reproductive
Physiology 1988 1991
Sabah B. M. Nazhat M.SC.
Theriogenology 1991 1993
Jabbar W. A. Al-Ethawi M.SC. Animal
Breeding 1993 1994
Basim A. T. Al-Samarai PhD Dairy Cattle
Management
1994 1995
Mahmood S.K. Al-Karagoli M.SC. Surgery and
Obstetrics 1995 1996
Faris F. I. Al-Shewkh M.SC. Reproductive
Physiology 1996 Continuous
4
Reality of the artificial insemination activity in Iraq
The livestock animals in Iraq earned some characteristics referred to their adoptability
to the climatic conditions, their acceptability to the actual management conditions like
bad housing and poor nutrition and veterinary care as well as to their resistance to
endemic diseases. These animals also have low productive traits when compared with
the other original breeds. Therefore, since 1941, the livestock specialists design the plans
to acquire the superior characteristics of the original breeds through cross breeding with
local breeds to produce elite crossbred individuals. This would consequently result in an
appropriate productive efficiency and good quality products.
During 1941, Iraq imported from Palestine four Friesian cows and two Friesian bulls to
begin the cross breeding program with the local cows, followed by importing many other
numbers of Friesian cows from other countries such the Netherlands, Germany,
Denmark, England and France in accompanies with imported other breeds in limited
numbers like Holstein, Ayrshire, Jersey, Brown Swiss, Charolais, Brahman, Limousine
and Simmental. However, the program continued to focus on cross breeding of Friesian
breed with local breeds, Janoubi and Karadi in particular, with no indication of cross
breeding with Sharabi and Ristaki. The Breeding Stations pertaining to the State
Organization for Animal Resources Development took it upon themselves the
implementation of cross breeding program according to scientific bases of many
experiments and studies dealt with the qualitative and productive traits to determine the
best crossing rate. Thus, the planning began to publicize the Artificial Insemination
services that was able to put the power and pride of its bright fingerprints on the new
generations of cows to alter her color, behavior, status and production in many herds,
which covers green patches scattered over the land of Iraq.
Accordingly, the primary artificial insemination attempts were began in 1955in the
Department of Animal Husbandry. Frozen semen ampoules from proven-high
productivity bulls were imported from England and United States for insemination of
cows bred in the Department of Animal Husbandry / Abu-Ghraib. These bulls were used
to produce crossbred calves distributed among the districts and areas to be used later for
mated the local cows naturally to obtain high-productivity crossbred animals. These
attempts have proved a great success and it was enough to highlight the importance of
artificial insemination and the need to convince the professionals take care of it and work
on its development. In 1962, it was a big turning point in the history of artificial
insemination in Iraq, as created the first major center for the artificial insemination in
Abu Ghraib and took upon itself the responsibility of inseminated cows bred in the
Department of Animal Husbandry/ Abu-Ghraib, in addition to the local cows in the area
5
surrounding the department. Besides, it has established a center for each province
administered by professional veterinarians. Furthermore, sub-centers managed by
artificial inseminators were also established in each area. This activity was developed in
the early seventies. A technical staff was sent to France in 1975 for the training on the
process of semen freezing by liquid nitrogen. After the return of the trainees and the
arrival of the equipment, the center began to manufactures frozen semen straws and
distributed among three provinces selected on the basis of livestock density and staff
working in. These provinces are Baghdad, Babil and Sulaymaniya. After the success
achieved in these provinces, this step was publicize among all Iraqi provinces in 1978,
and developed a mechanism for the transfer of services efficiently to the depths of the
countryside and the marshlands with the level of high-quality performance and accuracy.
This activity is exposed after the events of March 2003 to the mass destruction of all its
facilities including production buildings and bull's pens, in addition to looting all the
requirements of animals and devices, leading to stop functioning permanently. Due to its
importance, serious thought to provide financial allocations for reconstruct this activity.
Two-way project was initiated; first way was done in coordination with FAO,
represented by the project 407, whereas the second one was performed through Ministry
of Agriculture allocations. The Department was equipped with all appliances, equipment
and supplies needed to for continuous working. Moreover, two liquid nitrogen production
devices of capacity 20 L / hr. and thirty Holstein bulls of high genetic merit imported
from Australia were also provided. During 2010, these bulls were infected with foot and
mouth disease (FMD) despite proper care taken by veterinary staff. This FMD infection
led to exclude these bulls and re-selection of new genetic-superior animals from inside
Iraq until importing other animals from outside Iraq. At the end of 2013, a contract was
signing to import 25 genetic-superior bulls from Netherlands.
The phases of activity can be summarized as follows:
1975-1980 prosperity phase
1981-1990 first deterioration phase
1991- 1993 second deterioration phase
1993- 2002 first re-activity phase
2003 – 2007 third deterioration phase
2007 – 2013 second re-activity phase
6
The Activity Structure
The structure of this activity could be summed up is to take charge the Directorate of
Animal Resources, represented by the Department of Artificial Insemination are two
essential aspects:
1. The productive aspect
Production and manufacture of frozen semen straws in the main center at Abu-
Ghraib, which includes multiple laboratories and devices for the production of
liquid nitrogen, the basic materials for semen cryopreservation as well as animal
farm with the capacity of 68 animals customized to accommodate the improved
bulls that have been selected in accordance with the specific criteria for artificial
insemination bulls whether from inside or outside Iraq.
2. The service aspect
Administratively and technically linked to the main center at Abu-Ghraib. They
are eight divisions of artificial inseminations sub--centers in the vicinity of
Baghdad city according to animal density. These divisions provide services of
artificial insemination, pregnancy detection and reproductive care. There are 188
sub-centers for artificial insemination scattered in all provinces of Iraq (excluding
the Kurdistan region) belonging to the Veterinary Directorate. This directorate
takes in charge handles the plans and follows up the implementation of artificial
insemination, pregnancy detection and reproductive care processes. The role of the
main center at Abu-Ghraib on equipping frozen semen straws and work
accessories (catheters, gloves, insemination guns, gun portfolio, catheters portfolio
and nitrogen containers for straws preservation). Moreover, the main center
supplies the main Dairy Cattle Stations (Al-Nasr and Al-Ishaki) with frozen semen
7
straws, after it were 13 Stations before the events of 2013. In addition, the center
provides the private veterinary clinics with frozen semen straws (currently 60 after
it were 210before the events of 2013).
3. Currently, the Department includes farm for production of artificial insemination
calves using frozen embryo transfer technique in accordance with high
specifications imported from New Zealand under the development project of cattle
sector in Iraq in collaboration with FAO. These calves are pertaining to the main
center only.
8
4. Small productive center was established in Al-Kurna district of Basra province to
meet the requirements of the south provinces. Other small center was opened in
Al-Rashidiah region / Nineveh province to meet the requirements of the north
provinces. Nowadays, the small centers were used to market the frozen semen to
the provinces mentioned after it is processed from the main center at Abu-Ghraib.
9
Table (1). Artificial Insemination Centers operating in Baghdad and other provinces
Province No. of
Centers
Locations
1 Baghdad 8 Hbs Nayl, Mahmoudiya, Dora,
Fudhaylia, Taji, Al-Rashidiya,
Radhwaniya
2 Al-Najaf
Al-Ashraf
10 Kufa, Abbasiya, Huriya, Al-Haydariya,
Al-Najaf, Al-Manathera, Al-Mishkhab,
Outpatient Department, Qadisiya,
Dasm
3 Babil 14 Al-Hilla Center, Al-Mahaweel, Al-
Hashimiya, Al-Musseib,
Al-Madhatiya, Al-Qassim, Al-Kifl,
Al-Nile, Abu-Gharak, Al-Immam, Al-
Ibrahimiya, Al-Mashrouh, Al-
Sadda, Alexandria
4 Muthanna 6 Samawa, Al-Warka'a, Al-Rumaitha,
Al-Najmy, Al-Majd, Al-Hilal, Al-
Khidr, Al-Daraji, Al-Swair
5 Anbar 19 Al-Ramadi, Heit, Al-Saqlawiya,
Falloujah, Khalidiya, Ghazwan,
Al-Nassaf, Al-Ameriya, Al-Karma,
Al-Dour, Kubaisa,Al-Baghdadi, Ana,
Rawa, Al-Obaidi, Al-Rumanah,
Al-Qaem , Haditha, Albu-Assaf
6 Diwaniya 16 Insemination Division, Al-Daghara,
Al-Sedair, Ghammas, Al-Mehanawiya,
Sumer, Al-Hamza, Al-Saniya,
Al-Shamiya, Al-Shafieya, Al-Gharb,
Al-Salahiya, Al-Shannafiya,
Al-Bedair, Efak, Nafar, Outpatient
Department
7 Kirkuk 11 Insemination Division, Al-Zab,
Al-Abbasi, Al-Hawija, Al-Riyadh,
Yayji, Alton Kubry, Lylyan, Daqoq,
Taza, Al-Rashad
8 Misan 15 Al-Thawrah Al-Awal, Al-Karama,
Al-Majar Al-Kabeer, Al-Maymouna,
Al-Kahla'a, Ali Al-Shaqi, Kalat Salih,
Al-Musharah, Al-Adl, Al- Al-Gharbi,
Kumait, Al-Aziz, Al-Salam,
Al-Thawra Al-Thani, Seid Ahmed
Al-Rifaey
9 Thi-Qar 12 Al-Nairiya, Souq Al-Shiukh,
Al-Shatrah, Al-Dawaya, Al-Rifaey, Kalat
Sikar, AlGhrraf, Al-Nasr, Seid Dakheel,
Al-Batha'a, Al-Batma'a, Al-Fuhoud
11
Province No. of
Centers
Locations
10 Diyala 15 Hospital Center, Khanakin, Al-Khalis,
Al-Wijaihiya, Al-Abbarah,
Al-Mansouriya, Al-Ghalibiya, Beni
Saad, Buhriz, Abi-Seida, Kana'an,
Baladrouz, Al-Muqdadiya, Al-Sadiya,
Kazaniya
11 Nineveh 12 Bab Senjar, Al-Hamdaniya, Talafar,
Tilkaif, Hammam Al-Allel, Al-Kuwair,
Ba'ashiqa, Al-Namroud, Al-Qayara,
Zumar, Rabia'a, Makhmour
12 Wasit 16 Hospital Center, Swairah, Al-Aziziya,
Al-Numaniya, Al-Hay, Tajaddin,
Al-Shehaimiya, Al-Dubouni, Al-Ahrar,
Sheikh Saad, Wasit District,
Al-Muwafaqia, Al-Bashaer, Badra and
Jassan, Al-Zubaidiya
13 Basra 12 Basra Center, Al-Zubair, Shat Al-Arab,
Al-Hartha, Al-Medaiyna, Al-Qurna,
Abi Al-Khasseib, Safwan, Al-Dair
14 Karbala 8 Insemination Division, Al-Jadwal
Al-Gharbi, Al-Khayrat, Al-Hur,
Al-Husainiya, Al-Ameriya,
Al-Hindiya,
15 Salahaddin 12 Outpatient Department, Tikrit, Baiji,
Samarah, Al-Dijail, Al-Shirkat, Toz,
Balad, Al-Muta'asim, Amerly,
Al-Ishaki, Dijlah
Total
196
Production Efficiency of the Artificial Insemination Department
Table (2) revealed the production and sales of the main artificial insemination
Department at Abu-Ghraib of frozen semen straws during 1991-2013. Table (3) shows
implementation rates of artificial insemination, pregnancy detection and reproductive
care for all Iraqi provinces during 1962-2013.
11
Table (2). Production and sales of the main center at Abu-Ghraib from frozen semen
straws during (1991-2013).
Year Production of frozen
semen straws
Sales of frozen semen
straws
1991 52725 27518
1992 78010 85658
1993 46178 23830
1994 132684 73058
1995 146510 77790
1996 106686 85705
1997 130663 121200
1998 146205 100730
1999 156520 184225
2000 161873 164347
2001 179179 194777
2002 213895 172550
2003 - -
2004 - -
2005 - -
2006 - -
2007 51132 4860
2008 115206 46975
2009 41690 49275
2010 59353 93399
2011 19013 88745
2012 134356 129225
2013 150648 131155
12
Table (3). Implementation rates of artificial insemination, pregnancy detection and
reproductive care for the entire provinces of Iraq during (1962-2013).
Year Artificial
Insemination
Pregnancy
Detection
Reproductive
Care
1962 648 - -
1963 711 - -
1964 1014 - -
1965 1646 - -
1966 3112 - -
1967 3440 - -
1968 5515 - -
1969 13042 - -
1970 22909 - -
1971 32208 - -
1972 47739 - -
1973 67298 - -
1974 80623 - -
1975 88999 - -
1976 - - -
1977 - - -
1978 - - -
1979 - - -
1980 124957 32745 17141
1981 96209 33246 14993
1982 80731 27626 15716
1983 62126 191100 11494
1984 59703 11152 7485
1985 46534 9606 6963
1986 51724 9737 9150
1987 55780 10136 9520
1988 61495 19844 15508
1989 98780 26590 16357
1990 111203 25323 18775
1991 35406 14594 12250
1992 54430 21633 13577
1993
54430 21633 13577
13
Year Artificial
Insemination
Pregnancy
Detection
Reproductive
Care
1994 83234 38081 24517
1995 87290 35231 27865
1996 87290 35231 27865
1997 72564 18979 15772
1998 50365 20979 15772
1999 92112 20979 15722
2000 82173 21091 27994
2001 97388 14112 37374
2002 86275 32971 67996
2003 - - -
2004 - - -
2005 - - -
2006 - - -
2007 112 20 62
2008 14237 3311 3083
2009 50865 13185 8269
2010 62539 9903 19895
2011 92781 18447 34956
2012 104601 30205 30032
2013 102670 32331 26750
14
The Artificial Insemination Department consists of the following divisions:
1. Semen collection division
Includes staff with good experience and practice in this area. Its most important
tasks are:
- Prepare the bulls for semen collection through cleaned (especially the area of
the sheath) to prevent contamination of semen sample.
- Preparation of artificial vaginas following their cleaning and sterilization.
- Collecting the semen sample and send to the laboratory.
2. Production and manufacture of frozen semen straws division
Includes specialized staff with good experience and extensive practice and intern
in the countries that have prior experience in this area. Its most important tasks are:
- Preparation of semen extenders.
- Semen samples examination.
- Dilution and filing of frozen semen following conducting pre-cryopreservation
mass activity and individual motility tests as well as post-cryopreservation
individual motility.
- Distribution of frozen semen straws to the beneficiaries.
15
3. Animal management and nutrition division
Includes specialized staff with good experience in the field of animal management
and nutrition. Its most important tasks are:
- Preparation and availability of roughages and concentrates.
- Supervising of animal feeding.
- Supervise the cleanliness of the barns and animals and remove the waste out of
the farm.
- Conducting the field operations such de-horning and hooves cut.
16
4. Animals health care division
Comprises veterinarian staff with good expertise in the field of animal health care.
Its most important tasks are:
- Supply of medicines and treatments for animals.
- Daily monitoring of the animal farm for detection and treatment of cases.
- Preparation of a preventive program to immunize the animals from viral,
bacterial and parasitic diseases, in coordination with the Directorate of
Veterinary.
- Collection of blood, stool and urine samples of animals on a regular basis and
sent to the central diagnostics laboratory to make sure the health status of the
animals.
5. Embryo transfer division
Comprises veterinarian staff have been taking part in training courses inside and
outside of Iraq. Its most important tasks are:
- Preparation of cows for embryo transplantation.
- Transplantation of embryos imported from outside of Iraq for the purpose of
obtaining born with high efficient productivity contributing to increase milk
and meat production.
17
6. Liquid nitrogen production division
Include technical staff that has been participation in training courses inside and
outside of Iraq. Its functions:
- Production of liquid nitrogen and outfitted to the beneficiaries.
- Maintaining and sustaining of nitrogen production devices.
18
7. Administrative division
Consists of administrative staff with experience and practice in the administrative
work. Its most important tasks:
- Receiving and sending the daily mail.
- Following up the staff attendance.
- Edit the official letters.
- Daily monitoring of all Department facilities.
8. Artificial insemination division in Abu-Ghraib
Includes staff comprises of veterinarians and artificial inseminators with good
experience and practice in this area. Its important tasks concentrated on providing
services of artificial insemination, pregnancy detection and reproductive care to
cattle producers in Abu-Ghraib region whether inside or outside of the division
during the itineraries.
9. Artificial insemination division in Al-Yusufiya
Includes staff comprises of veterinarians and artificial inseminators with good
experience and practice in this area. Its important tasks concentrated on providing
services of artificial insemination, pregnancy detection and reproductive care to
cattle producers in Al-Yusufiya district whether inside or outside of the division
during the itineraries.
19
10. Artificial insemination division in Al-Mahmoudiya
Includes staff comprises of veterinarians and artificial inseminators with good
experience and practice in this area. Its important tasks concentrated on providing
services of artificial insemination, pregnancy detection and reproductive care to
cattle producers in Al-Mahmoudiya district whether inside or outside of the
division during the itineraries.
11. Artificial insemination division in Dora
Includes staff comprises of veterinarians and artificial inseminators with good
experience and practice in this area. Its important tasks concentrated on providing
services of artificial insemination, pregnancy detection and reproductive care to
cattle producers in Dora region whether inside or outside of the division during the
itineraries.
12. Artificial insemination division in Radhwaniya
Comprises of veterinarians and artificial inseminators staff with good experience
and practice in this area. Its important tasks concentrated on providing services of
artificial insemination, pregnancy detection and reproductive care to cattle
producers in Radhwaniya district whether inside or outside of the division during
the itineraries.
13. Artificial insemination division in Taji
Involves veterinarians and artificial inseminators staff with good experience and
practice in this area. Its important tasks concentrated on providing services of
artificial insemination, pregnancy detection and reproductive care to cattle
producers in Taji district whether inside or outside of the division during the
itineraries.
14. Artificial insemination division in Fudhaylia
Comprises of veterinarians and artificial inseminators staff with good experience
and practice in this area. Its important tasks concentrated on providing services of
artificial insemination, pregnancy detection and reproductive care to cattle
producers in Fudhaylia regionwhether inside or outside of the division during the
itineraries.
21
15. Artificial insemination division in Rashidiya
Includes staff comprises of veterinarians and artificial inseminators with good
experience and practice in this area. Its important tasks concentrated on providing
services of artificial insemination, pregnancy detection and reproductive care to
cattle producers in Rashidiya district whether inside or outside of the division
during the itineraries.
16. Genetic resources division
One of the divisions joined recently the Department of Artificial Insemination
under the law of Ministry of Agriculture number (10) for the year 2013. Includes
sophisticated technical staff intern inside and outside of Iraq. Its important tasks:
- Characterization of Iraqi animals phenotypically and genetically.
- Genetic resources conservation of Iraqi animals in heredity bank.
- Conducting the studies and researches that contribute to the genetic
improvement of Iraqi animals.
- Preventing the extinction of species and different breeds of Iraqi animals.
21
- Contribute to the development of legislation to keep the animal resources.
- Using of division laboratories as reference for researchers and interested
members from all other official bodies to carry out the researches in the field of
genetic engineering.
Embryo Transfer Project in Iraq
Introduction
Embryo transfer technique regards as one of the biotechnology applications that took
place after considerable revolution in the field of biological science and the widespread
use of cell and tissue culture, which has evolved significantly after cloning of Dolly in
1997 by Ian Gordon. Before that, scientists were able to implant the fertilized ova in the
laboratory using In vitro fertilization (IVF) technique and transferred them to the uterus
for the treatment of many cases, such us infertility caused by blockage of mammalian and
women oviducts, which is known today as in vitro babies. On the other hand, increasing
pattern of embryo transfer technique was noticed during the fourth quarter of the last
century by the cattle producers in order to increase the number of individuals with
distinct genetic traits. This process is carried out using hormonal stimulation of the donor
cows and obtains the largest number of ova, a process called superovulation, and then
mated or inseminated by proven-sired bulls. The collected embryos are then transferred
directly or after freezing to recipient cows to grow in their uteri. In spite of the many
advantages, this technique is still of high costs, led to non-widespread on a commercial
scale as is the case for the artificial insemination. During a recent, embryo splitting was
introduced as one of the principal step of embryo transfer for the production of identical
born and sexed embryos.
22
Embryo Transfer Applications
1. Increase the number of births from genetically- superior females.
2. Easy to export and import of frozen genetically- superior embryos.
3. Avoid dangerous animal transport among countries and states.
4. The freezing of embryos provides the better use of genetically-superior dams until
the availability of recipient dams.
5. The superovulation of donor cows using hormonal stimulation, it became possible
to get many of the embryos in one operation. This technique adopts on a large
scale the qualitative genetics.
6. Control the spread of venereal diseases and simultaneously, protect the born from
dams to get them disease- free.
7. Rapid development of genetic value for the new cattle generations,which increases
their production in a short period.
8. This technique is used as a part of biotechnology and embryo splitting to
symmetrical embryos.
9. Benefit from the process of embryo sexing.
10. It is possible to use this technique to preserve the good local breedsas well as
some endangered animals.
23
Embryo transfer Limitations
1. High cost of importing frozen embryos with supplies (cost per embryo up to 600-
700 US dollars).
2. According to the scientific literature, the success rate of pregnancy ranged from
50-70 % in beef cattle and 15-40 % in dairy cattle.
3. The success rate depends on the provision of cows with a good management and
balanced nutrition.
Embryo transfer in Iraq
The history of embryo transfer in Iraq can be categorized into two stages:
First Stage
Establishment of embryo transfer center for the first time in Iraq on 1st January, 1988
at in Animal Husbandry Station in Abu Ghraib. A good cadre holding scientific
degrees (Bachelor, Master and Doctorate) was prepared as follows:
1. Doctorate in Reproductive Physiology (Agricultural Engineer).
2. Master in Reproductive Physiology (Veterinarian).
Send them to United States for 3 months period for training on embryo transfer
technique.
3. Master in Embryo Transfer / Canada (University Instructor, Veterinarian).
4. Doctorate in Embryo Transfer / France (Veterinarian, joined later).
5. Bachelor in Veterinary Medicine (5 Veterinarians).
The frozen embryos were imported from United States. The working was began in
Cattle Breeding Stations, but no results were achieved, except one pregnant cow
conducted through one of the master student in the College of Veterinary Medicine /
University of Baghdad. The Center was shut down in 1992 due to Iraqi bad conditions
during Gulf War II. During Nineties of the last century, some of Iraqi cadres from
College of Veterinary Medicine only have got scientific degrees in the field of embryo
transfer.
Second Stage
This stage has been performed in collaboration with FAO (Project 801) for the
redevelopment of the cattle sector through a transfer of embryos in Iraq as a research
project, and then established for a new work by creating a cadre of workers in this
area. The team was formed consisting of five veterinarians holding Bachelor's degree
24
with a good experience in the field of artificial insemination. They joined in several
training courses, as follows:
1. Short training course in embryo transfer at the Center of Biotechnology / Al-
Nahrain University, Baghdad for 14 days on 2010.
2. Short embryo transfer training course (9 days) in Australia on December, 2010.
3. Short embryo transfer training course (8 days) in Australia on 2012.
4. Short embryo transfer training course (5 days) in Jordan on January, 2013
The Embryo Transfer Center building was established in Artificial Insemination
Department itself by Directorate of Animal Resources. The Center was equipped with
the tools and supplies necessary for working. The Holstein frozen embryos (n = 600)
were imported from New Zealand in collaboration with FAO.
25
Objectives of the Project
The project aims to adapt the embryo transfer technology in Iraq and publicize this
new technique among the cattle producers. The staff has gave introductory lectures in
this area on the milk producers associations in Wasit and Salah Al-Din provinces, as
well as through field practices with cattle producers, dairy cattle stations and research
centers. The actual work initiated by a cadre on April, 2011 through three axes:
1. Cattle producers / Al-Wihda and Al-Mashahda Projects.
2. Dairy Cattle Stations / Al-Nasr in Al-Swaira city and Al-Ishaki in Salah Al-Din
province.
3. Animal Farms in Colleges of Agriculture (Baghdad and Al-Anbar).
The team was selected the cows in these locations according to the body condition
score (BCS), reproductive tract examinations, hormonal treatments and according to
the minimum that was available only at the time. The embryos were transplanted in
these three previous locations, and encouraging pregnancies and born were got in this
aspect. A heifer was born as a result of embryo transfer technique in Al-Nasr Dairy
Cattle Station for the first time in Iraq on 22th January, 2012. Other heifer was born
simultaneously in Animal Farm at the College of Agriculture, University of Baghdad,
and one calf born in one of the cattle producers at Al-Mashahda region, Baghdad.Some
pregnancies were also undertaken at Animal Farm, University of Al-Anbar, Dairy
Cattle stations as well as in Jordan. All these embryos were transplanted by Iraqi team.
26
Cows of Artificial Insemination Department
Twenty five local and crossbred cows were purchased by Department of Artificial
Insemination for the purpose of embryo transfer and built a future bull herd for
Artificial Insemination Department. The transplanting operations in this farm are
continuous. Seven pregnancies were obtained until now. Moreover, Controlled internal
drug release (CIDR) technique was used recently for cow's estrus synchronization.
Evaluating the results of the previous stage
Given the existence of special specifications in cows selected for the purpose of
embryo transfer in terms of body condition score, management and good nutrition, the
results were affected, especially in private Dairy Cattle Stations and producers due to
malnutrition and poor husbandry. Concerning the Animal Farms in Agricultural
Colleges at Baghdad and Al-Anbar Universities as well as Artificial Insemination
27
Department Farm, the results were very good and encouraging due to good
management and nutrition. The project is currently dependent on imported embryos as
a first stage. In near future, plans were put to get the embryos from Iraq when the
equipment and supplies are available.
28
Theses that have been implemented in the Artificial Insemination Department, Directorate of Animal
Resources, Ministry of Agriculture (1977 – 2014)
No. Title of thesis Year Degree University College Student name
1 Studies on some characteristics of crossbreed
Friesian bulls and effect of some diluting
parts on spermatozoon motility during storage
1977 Master Baghdad Agriculture Azhr H. AL-Haboby
2 Effect of various thawing times and
temperatures on semen characteristics of
frozen Friesian bull semen
1985 Master Baghdad Agriculture Ahmad A. Al-Cassy
3 Studies of the sperm antibodies in sera of
repeat breeder cows
1978 Master Baghdad Agriculture Taraq M. Hasson
4 Studies on deep-freezing of Iraqi buffalo bulls
semen
1978 Master Baghdad Veterinary
Medicine
Aziz H. Y. Al-Lamy
5 Studies on sexual behavior and some
characteristics of Friesian bulls born in Iraq
1983 Master Baghdad Agriculture Nabeel A. Al-Shakrjee
6 Studies on some of the factors affecting
sexual behavior and semen picture in Ganubi
bulls
1985 Master Baghdad Agriculture Ahmad A. Al-Ani
7 The effect of some chemophsical properties of
extenders and bull semen on post freezing
characteristics
1987 Master Baghdad Agriculture KaremI.Al-Badry
29
No. Title of thesis Year Degree University College Student name
8 Bacterial contamination in semen of bulls in
artificial insemination center
1989 Master Baghdad Veterinary
Medicine
Sadig J. Zalzala
9 Frozen embryo transfer in cattle 1989 Master Baghdad Veterinary
Medicine
Sabah B.M. Nazhat
10 Study the effect of seasonal variation and
storage period on the fertility and some
characteristics of frozen semen for bull
Friesian bulls
1989 Master Baghdad Agriculture Nameer M. H. Al-
11 Comparative study on using semen treated
with PGF2α in Awassi sheep
1990 Doctorate Baghdad Agriculture Haleem H. Issa
12 Study the effect of season, semen collection
methods and testicular activity in Awassi
rams
1994 Master Mosel Agriculture Khalid M. Al-Maktery
13 Frozen local black goat semen, storage and
used for artificial insemination of goat female
1997 Doctorate Basra Agriculture AbD-AL-RazakNeem
14 Effect of magnesium and iodide
supplementation on semen quality and blood
in Holstein-Friesian bulls and on growth of
testes of calves in hot climate
1998 Doctorate Baghdad Agriculture Asaad I. Ahmad
15 Antisperm antibodies and fertility of dairy
cows
1998 Doctorate Baghdad Agriculture Falah .H. A. Al-Dafae
31
No. Title of thesis Year Degree University College Student name
16 Study the effect of some frozen semen
extenders on sperm viability, ultrastructure
and its relationship with conception rate of
cows
1999 Doctorate Mosul Agriculture Khalid M. Al-Maktery
17 Effect of licorice extraction on reproductive
performance of Awassi rams
2000 Master Baghdad Agriculture Ahmed A. Mahdi
18 Comparative study of semen characteristics of
local black buck injected with prostaglandin
after dilution and freezing
2002 Master Baghdad Veterinary
Medicine Abbas F. Daham
19 The effect of different artificial insemination
techniques on fertility of goat
2002 Doctorate Baghdad Agriculture Abdlkareem A. Hobi
20 Study of the effect of deep freezing semen
with comparison between artificial
insemination and natural mating and
hormonal treatment on the conception rate of
black Iraqi goat.
2003 Master Baghdad Veterinary
Medicine Hassen F. Hassen
21 Semen dilution and evaluation for artificial
insemination by different method in Awassi
sheep
2010 Master Baghdad Agriculture Salah M. Abid
22 The bacterial contamination of bulls frozen
semen for local and imported straws
2012 Master Baghdad Veterinary
Medicine
Haifaa B. Naje
31
No. Title of thesis Year Degree University College Student name
23 Effect of freezing Turkish Awassi rams semen
in sperm acrosome by used different dyes
2012 Master Baghdad Agriculture Mohammed A. R. Al-
Sarray
24 Awassi rams semen cryopreservation for in
vitro fertilization
2012 Doctorate. Baghdad Agriculture Hazim K.J. Al-Saab
25 Adding some amino acids and it's
combination to Tris extender and its influence
freezing semen -in improving some of post
characteristics in Holstein bulls in Iraq
2013 Master Baghdad Agriculture Omar A. M. Al-Nasiry
26 use Study of some factors affecting the
in vitro frozen thawed bull semen in of
fertilization of bovine ova
2013 Master Basra Agriculture Hassan N. Habib
27 In vitro production of sheep embryos using
vitrfication technique
2013 Doctorate Baghdad Agriculture Ali A. Z. Al-Saadoon
28 Adding some enzymatic and non-enzymatic
antioxidants to Holstein bulls semen
extenders and its influence in improving post-
freezing semen characteristics
2014 Master Baghdad Agriculture Omer H. A. Al-Zaidy
29 Effect of adding Co-enzyme Q10, Lipoic acid
and manganese to Holstein bulls semen
extenders on improving post-freezing semen
characteristics
2014 Master Baghdad Agriculture Omer A. A. Sultan
30 Ameliorative effect of C nucleotide- activated
drugs on low quality sperms in bulls. 2014 Master Baghdad Veterinary
Medicine
Mohammad J. Saad
32
Researches that have been implemented in the Artificial Insemination
Department, Directorate of Animal Resources, Ministry of Agriculture
(1997 – 2014)
No. Title of Article Date of
Publishing
Name of Authors
Title of
Journal
1 Semen quality and
freezability of Holstein
bulls as influenced by
short-term administration of
prostaglandin F2α analogue
1997 Al-Haboby, A. H.
Abdulkareem,T.A.
Ibrahim, F. F.
Mesopotamia
J.Agric.,29(4
):4-15
2 Modulation of semen
quality by prostaglandin F2α
injection in the Awassi
rams
1997 Al-Haboby, A. H.
Issa, H. H
Ibrahim, F. F.
Al-Hakim, M. K.
IPA J. of
Agric.
Res.,7(2):1-
12
3 Control of mycoplasma in
bovine semen by
ciprofloxacin and
enrofloxacin
1998 Mohammad, N.
A.K.
Al-Hissen, S.F.
Al-Badry, K. I.
Ibrahim, F. F.
Iraqi J.
Microbiol.,
10(2):28-35
4 Influence of tylosin,
gentamicin and lincomycin
combination on semen
characteristics bacterial and
mycoplasma contaminants
of Friesian bull semen
2001 Al-Badry, K. I.
Al-Jobori,A.H.
Ibrahim, F. F.
Iraqi J.
Microbiol.
,13(3):18-28
5 Influence of various
cryophylactic agent on
semen quality of Iraqi
roosters semen
2002 Al-Daraji, H. J.
Hassan, K.H.
Ibrahim, F. F
The Iraqi J.
Agric. Sci.,
33(1):
213-221
6 Comparison of the effect of
various cryoprotective
agents on biochemical traits
of Iraqi roosters semen
2002 Al-Daraji, H. J.
Hassan, K.H.
Ibrahim, F. F
Al-Timimi, B. A.
The Iraqi J.
Agric. Sci.,
33(2) 215-
221
33
Title of Article Date of
Publishing
Name of Authors
Title of
Journal
7 Effect of penicillin-
ciprofloxacin combination
on semen characteristic and
bacterial contaminations of
diluted bull semen
2002 Mohammed, N. A.
Al-Al-Badry, K. I.
Al-Hissin, S. F.
Al-Kafagi, B. A.
Ibrahim, F. F.
Iraqi J. Vet.
Med.,
26(1):182-
188
8 Effect of some diluents on
sperm motility of three
species of fish carp
2003 Al-Biaty, N. M.
Ibrahim, F. F.
Al-Obaidy, H. J.
Al-Jashaamy, K. J.
Iraqi J.
Agric.,
8(1):40 -46
9 Comparison study the
effect of different diluents
and deep freezing on semen
characteristics of local
black buck
2003 Daham, A. F.
Alwan, A.F.
Al-Badry, K. I.
Ibrahim, F. F.
The Iraqi
J.V. Med., 18
(2): 145-155
10 Changes in certain seminal
attributes and sexual
activity of Holstein-
Friesian bulls in response to
vitamin C supplementation
2004 Ishak, M.A.
Magid, S. A.
Eidan, S. M.
Ibrahim, F. F.
Iraqi J.
Agric.,
9(3):187 -194
11 Effect of type of diluents on
certain traits of frozen
rooster semen
2004 Al-Daraji, H. J.
Ibrahim,F.F
Al-Timimi, B. A.
The Iraqi
Journal of
Agriculture
Science,
33(1) 213-
221
12 Study of the effect of deep
freezing on semen
characteristics with
comparison between
artificial insemination,
natural mating and
hormonal treatment on the
conception rate of black
Iraqi goat
2009 Kashifalkitaa, H.F.
Alwan, A.F.
Saigh, M.N.
Al-Timimi, B.A.
Proc. 9th
Vet.
Sci. Conf., 2:
87-90
34
Title of Article Date of
Publishing
Name of Authors
Title of
Journal
13 Influence of month on some
sexual behavior and semen
characteristics in Holstein-
Friesian bulls
2012 Al-Ani, A.A.
Abdulkareem, T.A.
Khalaf, S.S.
Ibrahim, F.F.
Al-Timimi, B. A.
Mustafa, A.K.
Al-Anbar J.
Vet. Med., 5:
265-274.
14 Acrosome abnormalities of
Awassi rams semen stored
under different
temperatures
2012 Al-Saray, M.A.
Shubber, A.M.
Al-Ani, A.A.
Ibrahim, F.F.
Al-Timimi, B.A.
2nd
Sci. Conf.,
Center of
Revival of
Arabian
Science
Heritage
15 Effect of Glycyrrhiza
glabra in the ration on
sexual desire semen
parameters of bulls born in
Iraq during winter
2012 Al-Badry, K.I.
Al-Ani, A. A.
Ibrahim, F.F.
Iraqi J. Vet.
Med.(Special
Issue), 36:98-
104
16 The effect of Foot and
mouth disease on
reproductive performance
of Holstein bulls in
Artificial Insemination
Center of Iraq
2012 Al-Badry, K.I.
Ibrahim, F.F.
Al-Timimi, B.A.
Iraqi J. Vet.
Med., 36:1-7
17 Effect of adding L-arginine
on some parameters of bull
sperms after freezing in
liquid nitrogen (-196˚C)
2012 Al-Ebady, A.S.
Hussain, S.O.
Al-Badry, K.I.
Ibrahim, F.F.
Al-Qadisiya
J. Vet. Med.,
11(2):
156-166
18 The effect of adding L-
arginine on poor motile bull
sperms kept at 5˚C
2012 Al-Ebady, A.S.
Hussain, S.O.
Al-Badry, K.I.
Ibrahim, F.F.
5th
Sci. Vet.
Conf. of
Qadisiya
University
35
Title of Article Date of
Publishing
Name of Authors
Title of
Journal
19 The effect of treatment with
vitamin C on some sexual
behavior and semen
characteristics during hot
months for Holstein-
Friesian bulls in Iraq
2013 Al-Ani, A.A.
Ishak, M.A.
Al-Timimi, B.A.
Yahiya, K.J.
Submitted to
the Jordanian
J. Agric. Sci
20 Effect of post foot and
mouth disease infection on
some semen attributes and
blood biochemical
parameters of Friesian -
Holstein bulls
2013 Eidan, S.M.
Abdulkareem, T.A.
Ibrahim, F.F.
Heraish, K.F.
Submitted to
Al-Anbar J.
Vet. Med.
21 Effect of adding glutamine
and methionine as
antioxidants to semen
extender on post-
cryopreservation semen
quality of Holstein bulls
2013 Mohammed, O.A.
Shubber, A.M.
Abdulkareem, T.A.
Ibrahim, F.F.
1st Sci. Conf.
for Anim.
Prod. Sci.
Technol., 10-
11 Nov.
University of
Baghdad,
Iraq.
22 Influence of adding
different amino acids
mixture to semen extender
on post-cryopreservation
semen quality of Holstein
bulls
2014 Abdulkareem, T.A.
Mohammed, O.A.
Ibrahim, F.F.
Al-Timimi, B.A.
Submitted to
Anim.
Reprod. Sci.
23 Effect of adding different
types of egg yolk to Tris
extender on post-
cryopreservation semen
quality of Holstein bulls
2014 Abdulkareem, T.A.
Al-Daraji, H.J.
Ibrahim, F.F.
Al-Hassani, A.S.
Al-Timimi, B.A.
In
preparation
24 Adding effect of Vitamins C
and E to semen extender on
post-cryopreservation semen
quality of Holstein
2014 Eidan, S.M.
Abbas, O.H.
Ibrahim, F.F.
Al-Timimi, B.A.
In
preparation
36
Title of Article Date of
Publishing
Name of Authors
Title of
Journal
25 Adding enzymatic and non-
enzymatic antioxidants to
semen extender and its
effect on post-
cryopreservation semen
quality of Holstein bulls
2014 Eidan, S.M.
Abdulkareem, T.A.
Abbas, O.H.
Ibrahim, F.F.
Al-Timimi, B.A.
In
preparation
26 Adding of some herbal
plants extracts to the
ruminant semen extenders
for preservation during
cooling and freezing
2014 Al-Khazraji, A.A.
Ibrahim, F.F.
Al-Timimi, B.A.
Karim, A.F.
Yahiya, K.J.
In
preparation
37
Researches that have been implemented in the Artificial Insemination Department,
Directorate of Animal Resources, Ministry of Agriculture for the agricultural and veterinary
Bachelor degree students
No. Title of research Year University College Student
name(s)
Supervisor
1 Effect of different thawing rates and
temperatures on Holstein bulls semen
quality following addition of inositol
2012 Baghdad Agriculture Sarmad A.
Mohammed
Dr. Talal A.
Abdulkareem
2 Effect of temperatures and thawing
rates on bull's frozen semen quality
2012 Baghdad Veterinary
Medicine
Vikin S. Albeir Dr. Karim I. Al-Badry
3 Study the influence of different
temperatures and thawing rates on
Holstein bulls semen quality
following addition of vitamin C
2012 Baghdad Agriculture Abdullah R.
Saeed
Dr. Sajeda M. Eidan
4 Study the effect of different
temperatures and thawing rates on
Holstein bulls semen quality
following addition of carnitine
2012 Baghdad Agriculture Salam J. Karim Dr. Talal A.
Abdulkareem
5 Effect of different temperatures and
thawing rates on Holstein bulls semen
quality following addition of vitamin
E
2012 Baghdad Agriculture Abdullah S.
Hassan
Dr. Sajeda M. Eidan
38
No. Title of research Year University College Student
name(s)
Supervisor
6 Study the effect of 4˚C preservation
on Iraqi bulls semen quality
2013 Baghdad Veterinary
Medicine
Husham S.
Naji
Yazan H. Sail
Dr. Karim I. Al-Badry
7 Study the effect of different
temperatures and thawing rates on
Holstein bulls semen quality
following addition of carnitine and
inositol
2013 Baghdad Agriculture Mustafa M.
Nasr
Dr. Sajeda M. Eidan
8 Influence of prostaglandin F2α
addition on bull sperm viability at
preservation of 37˚C
2013 Baghdad Veterinary
Medicine Mohammed D.
Abdul-Karim
Ahmed S.
Hassan
Dr. Karim I. Al-Badry
9 Study the effect of different
temperatures and thawing rates on
Holstein bulls semen quality
following addition of carnitine and
methionine
2013 Baghdad Agriculture Mohammed R.
Abdul-Karim
Dr. Talal A.
Abdulkareem
10 Re-dilution and activation of poor
thawed semen for Friesian bulls in
Iraq
2013 Baghdad Veterinary
Medicine
Samer A.
Youssef
Zaid R. Abdul-
Jaleel
Dr. Karim I. Al-Badry
39
No. Title of research Year University College Student
name(s)
Supervisor
11 Effect of different temperatures and
thawing rates on Holstein bulls semen
quality following addition of carnitine
and glutamine
2013 Baghdad Agriculture Marwan T.
Yassen
Dr. Talal A.
Abdulkareem
12 Influence of prostaglandin F2α
injection on bulls sperm viability at
preservation of 4˚C.
2013 Baghdad Veterinary
Medicine
Mohammed
Abdul Hamza
Mudhar Najm
Dr. Karim I. Al-Badry
13 Effect of different temperatures and
thawing rates on Holstein bulls semen
quality following addition of
glutamine and glutamine
2013 Baghdad Agriculture Mustafa A.
Hassan
Dr. Sajeda M. Eidan
41
Training courses and Meetings for Artificial Insemination Department personnel outside of Iraq
(1975-2012)
No. Name of Training Course
Country No. of
Trainees
Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
1 Semen Freezing France 3 7 1975
2 Semen Freezing France 1 7 1983
3 Embryo Transfer in Cattle United
States
3 3 1988
4 Artificial Insemination in Sheep Cyprus 1 10 1991
5 Attending FAO Meeting for 407 Project Jordan 1 2 2004
6 Demonstration and Training with the Minister of
Agriculture
Denmark 1 7 2004
7 Instruments and Equipment of Artificial
Insemination
France 1 7 2005
8 Attending of Amman International Fair for Iraq
Reconstruction
Jordan 1 4 2005
9 Instruments and Equipment of Artificial
Insemination
France 4 21 2005
41
No. Name of Training Course Country No. of
Trainees
Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
10 Selection of Artificial Insemination Bulls Australia 2 14 2006
11 Instruments of Semen Freezing Denmark 2 3 2006
12 Artificial Insemination in Sheep and Goat Syria 3 5 2008
13 Workshop For Food Safety Jordan 1 5 2008
14 Embryo Transfer in Sheep Australia 2 46 2008
15 Attending of 1st Meeting For Committee of
Cattle Development Project in Iraq
Jordan 2 2 2009
16 Attending of 2nd
Meeting For Committee of
Cattle Development Project in Iraq
Jordan 2 2 2009
17 Artificial Insemination and Its Role in Animal
Breeding
Tunis 4 14 2009
18 Milk Production and Synthesis within Cattle
Development Project in Iraq
Morocco 4 14 2009
19 Visit to The National Society For Cattle
Producers within Cattle Development Project in
Iraq
Morocco 1 7 2010
42
No. Name of Training Course
Country No. of
Trainees
Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
20 Attending of 3rd
Meeting For Committee of
Cattle Development Project in Iraq
Jordan 2 2 2010
21 Modern Management Workshop For Animal
Production Sector in Milk Production
Lebanon 2 7 2010
22 Animal Marking and Registration System
Jordan 2 4 2010
23 Ruminant Nutrition, Herd Management and Milk
Synthesis
Syria 1 40 2010
24 Attending of 4th
Meeting For Committee of Cattle
Development Project in Iraq
Jordan 2 2 2010
25 Embryo Transfer in Cattle
Australia 5 12 2010
26 Artificial Insemination in Small Ruminants Syria 2 10 2010
27 Artificial Insemination
United
States
2 10 2010
43
No. Name of Training Course
Country No. of
Trainees
Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
28 Meeting of the Director Board Members For
Arab-Iraqi Company of Animal Resources
Development
Syria 1 2 2010
29 Cattle Nutrition Jordan 1 4 2010
30 Attending FAO Meeting and Discussed
Agricultural and Food Issues in Iraq
Italy 1 9 2011
31 Implementation of the 2nd
Stage For Cattle
Development Project in Iraq
Morocco 1 13 2011
32 Attending the Meeting of the Guide Committee
For Cattle Development Project in Iraq
Jordan 2 2 2011
33 Advance Course of Embryo Transfer in Cattle
Australia 4 8 2011
34 Use of Ultrasonography in Diagnosis of
Pregnancy and Reproductive Diseases
Jordan 9 4 2012
35 Artificial Insemination in Ruminants Jordan 5 12 2012
36 Artificial Insemination in Small Ruminants
within RAS 5063 Project
Tunis 1 5 2012
44
No. Name of Training Course
Country No. of
Trainees
Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
37 Training on Nitrogen Production Equipment Netherland 2 10 2012
38 Recent Methods for Diagnosis, Analysis and
Control of Epidemic Diseases
Jordan 1 12 2012
39 Embryo Transfer in Cattle
Jordan 5 5 2012
40 Agriculture Biotechnology
Japan 1 107 2012
45
Training courses for Artificial Insemination Department personnel Inside of Iraq (2004-2013)
No. Name of Training Course
No. of
Trainees
Organizer Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
1 Veterinary Vaccines 1 State Board For Agricultural
Extension and Cooperation /
Baghdad
5 2004
2 Recent advances in Embryo Transfer 1 State Company for Veterinary /
Baghdad
5 2005
3 Computer Operation 1 Computer Center, University of
Baghdad
5 2005
4 IZO Test 1 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
3 2008
5 Leadership and Communication 2 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2008
6 Quarantines
4 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2008
7 Preparation For TOEFUL Test 3 University of Technology /
Baghdad
30 2008
46
No. Name of Training Course
No. of
Trainees
Organizer Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
8 Workshop on Daily Cooperation 1 National Center for Investments
and Administrative
Development
5 2009
9 WSOP For Embryo Transfer and
Artificial Insemination in Sheep and
Goat
1 Ministry of Agriculture 1 2009
10 Ways of Improving Sheep and
Intensive Production
1 College of Veterinary Medicine
/ Continuing Education Unit
5 2009
11 Recent Advances in Animal
Nutrition
2 College of Veterinary Medicine
/ Continuing Education Unit
5 2009
12 Using of GPS Program
1 Training Center in Mansour/
Baghdad
1 2009
13 Animal Marking 2 Training Center in Mansour/
Baghdad
1 2009
47
No. Name of Training Course
No. of
Trainees
Organizer Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
14 Strategic Planning 1 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
1 2009
15 Scientific Symposium on Artificial
Insemination
2 Veterinary Hospital in Kirkuk 3 2009
16 Strategic Planning
1 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
3 2009
17 Computer System 1 Computer Center, University of
Baghdad
15 2009
18 Leadership and Administration
Development
1 Institute of Administrative
Development / Baghdad
5 2009
19 Management and Feedlot of Beef
Calves
1 Training Center in Mansour/
Baghdad
3 2009
48
No. Name of Training Course
No. of
Trainees
Organizer Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
20 Leadership and Administration
Development
5 Institute of Administrative
Development / Baghdad
5 2009
21 Advantages and Disadvantages of
Internet
1 The Islamic University /
Baghdad
1 2009
22 Training Program on TOEFUL Test 1 University of Technology /
Baghdad
30 2009
23 International Cooperation Workshop 1 Training Center in Mansour/
Baghdad
2 2009
24 Economic Feasibility Studies
2 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2010
25
Evaluation of Administrative and
Legal Performance
1 Technical and Administrative
College / Baghdad
5 2010
49
No. Name of Training Course
No. of
Trainees
Organizer Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
26 Artificial Insemination and Using of
Ultrasonography in Pregnancy
Detection
13 Agricultural Extension Center /
Baghdad
5 2010
27 Embryo Transfer in Cattle
10 Al-Nahrain University /
Baghdad
10 2010
28 Organizing the Cost's Accounts 1 State Company For Animal
Resources / Baghdad
5 2010
29 Stores Management 1 State Company For Animal
Resources / Baghdad
5 2010
30 Geographic Information 2 State Company For Animal
Resources / Baghdad
5 2010
31 Economic Feasibility Studies
1 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2010
32 Principles of Windows Operation 1 Computer Center / Ministry of
Agriculture
5 2010
51
No. Name of Training Course
No. of
Trainees
Organizer Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
33 Recent Advances in Fertility
Treatment
3 Institute of Embryo Research
and Infertility Treatment / Al-
Nahrain University
5 2010
34 Artificial Insemination
5 Extension Training Center /
Babil
5 2010
35 Agricultural Technology Transfer 2 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2010
36 Strategic Planning in Agricultural
Sector
2 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2010
37 Artificial Insemination in Animals 2 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2010
38 Principles of Windows Operation 5 Computer Center / Ministry of
Agriculture
5 2011
39 Advanced Excel system 5 Central Organization for
Standardization and Quality
Control / Baghdad
5 2011
51
No. Name of Training Course
No. of
Trainees
Organizer Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
40 Advance Internet Course 3 Central Organization for
Standardization and Quality
Control / Baghdad
5 2011
41 Advanced Excel system 3 Central Organization for
Standardization and Quality
Control / Baghdad
5 2011
42 Learning English Language 4 Al-Nahrain University /
Ministry of Higher Education
5 2011
43 Basic Principles of Internet 3 Al-Nahrain University /
Ministry of Higher Education
5 2011
44 Capacity building and awareness in
e-governance
1 State Authority For Computers
and Information
4 2011
45 Basic Principles of Internet 1 Computer Center / Ministry of
Agriculture
5 2011
46 Design of Websites and Photoshop
Program
1 Computer Center / Ministry of
Agriculture
5 2011
47 Computer Training 2 Computer Center / Ministry of
Agriculture
5 2011
52
No. Name of Training Course
No. of
Trainees
Organizer Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
48 Role of Artificial Insemination in
Genetic Analysis
6 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2011
49 Projects Evaluation 1 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2011
50 Rations Manufacturing 1 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2011
51 Artificial Insemination in ruminants
3 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2011
52 Network Principles and
Rehabilitation
5 Computer Center / Ministry of
Agriculture
5 2011
53 Economic Feasibility Studies for
Agricultural Projects
1 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2011
54 Using of Ultrasonography For
Pregnancy and Embryos Detection
5 Artificial Insemination
Department / Baghdad
5 2011
55 Artificial Insemination 26 Veterinary Syndicate in
Cooperation with USDA
5 2012
53
No. Name of Training Course
No. of
Trainees
Organizer Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
56 Discussion Symposium (Together for
Development of Animal Resources
in Iraq)
3 Erbil / Kurdistan Region 3 2012
57 Specialized Training in Animal
Nutrition
5 INMA / Baghdad 3 2012
58 Animal Selection 6 INMA / Baghdad 3 2012
59 Management and Marketing 6 INMA / Baghdad 3 2012
60 Animal Health Management
6 INMA / Baghdad 2 2012
61 Standard Operation Procedures 1 Training Center in Mansour/
Baghdad
2 2013
62 Embryo Transfer in Cattle 1 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2013
63 Civil Service Law and the Discipline
of State Employees
1 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2013
64 Economic Feasibility Studies 1 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2013
54
No. Name of Training Course
No. of
Trainees
Organizer Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
65 Genetic Engineering and
Biotechnology
1 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2013
66 Embryo Transfer in Cattle 1 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2013
67 Artificial Insemination in ruminants
2 Rehabilitation and Development
Center / Baghdad
5 2013
68 Arabic Language Safety 1 Directorate of Animal
Resources
2 2013
69 Capacity building and awareness in
e-governance
1 Ministry of Science and
Technology / Continuing
Education
4 2013
70 Photoshop and Excel Programs 2 Computer Center / Ministry of
Agriculture
5 2013
71 Windows and Office Applications 9 Computer Center / Ministry of
Agriculture
5 2013
55
No. Name of Training Course
No. of
Trainees
Organizer Training
Duration
(Day)
Year
72 Laptop Repair and Photoshop 2 Computer Center / Ministry of
Agriculture
5 2013
73 Design of Internet Websites 1 Computer Center / Ministry of
Agriculture
5 2013
56
Recent advances conducted at Artificial Insemination Department,
Directorate of Animal Resources, Ministry of Agriculture during (2012-2014)
1. Application of embryo transfer program in Iraq using frozen straws
containing Friesian cow embryos imported from Australia.
2. Using of L- arginine in improving post-cryopreservation semen quality of
Holstein bulls.
3. Adding of carnitine, glutamine and their combinations as antioxidants to Tris
extender in improving post-cryopreservation semen quality of Holstein bulls.
4. Adding of inositol, methionine and their combinations as antioxidants to Tris
extender in improving post-cryopreservation semen quality of Holstein bulls.
5. Adding of amino acids mixture to Tris extenderin improving post-
cryopreservation semen quality of Holstein bulls.
6. Using some non-enzymatic antioxidants like vitamin E and C and their
combinations with Tris extender in improving post-cryopreservation semen
quality of Holstein bulls.
7. Using of omega 3 with Tris extender in improving post-cryopreservation
semen quality of Holstein bulls.
8. Adding of catalase and glutathione to Tris extenderin improving post-
cryopreservation semen quality of Holstein bulls.
9. Adding of enzymatic, non-enzymatic and omega 3 to Tris extender in
improving post-cryopreservation semen quality of Holstein bulls.
10. Using of co-enzyme Q-10 with Tris extenderin improving post-
cryopreservation semen quality of Holstein bulls.
57
11. Using of Lipoic acid with Tris extenderin improving post-cryopreservation
semen quality of Holstein bulls.
12. Adding of Lipoic acid to Tris extenderin improving post-cryopreservation
semen quality of Holstein bulls.
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