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This part of the book will let you know
about the Oil Refineries, National Parks
and Sanctuaries and Mobile Service
Providers in India
KEY TO
SUCCESS
PART 7
NATIONAL PARKS,
REFINERIES AND
MOBILE COMPANIES
Vipin K. Bansal
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Table of Contents
Acknowledgement .................................................................................................................................. 2
Preface .................................................................................................................................................... 3
National Parks and Sanctuaries .............................................................................................................. 4
Tiger Reserves in India ............................................................................................................................ 1
Oil Refineries ........................................................................................................................................... 1
Kind of Products .................................................................................................................................. 1
Gasoline .......................................................................................................................................... 1
Bitumen or Asphalt ......................................................................................................................... 1
Ethane ............................................................................................................................................. 1
Diesel ............................................................................................................................................... 1
Kerosene ......................................................................................................................................... 1
Jet Fuel ............................................................................................................................................ 1
LPG .................................................................................................................................................. 1
Lubricants ........................................................................................................................................ 1
Naphtha .......................................................................................................................................... 1
Paraffin Waxes ................................................................................................................................ 1
Petroleum Coke............................................................................................................................... 1
White Spirit ..................................................................................................................................... 1
Other Oil Products .......................................................................................................................... 1
Major Refineries ...................................................................................................................................... 1
Refineries in India ............................................................................................................................... 0
Plastic and its usage ................................................................................................................................ 1
Mobile Phones ........................................................................................................................................ 1
Mobile Services Providers in India ...................................................................................................... 1
Questions based on the above ............................................................................................................... 2
Scoring System ........................................................................................................................................ 1
Answers ................................................................................................................................................... 1
Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................ 2
Thank You!.......................................................................................................................................... 2
http://e/PARKS,%20REFINARY%20&%20MOBILES.docx%23_Toc341605398http://e/PARKS,%20REFINARY%20&%20MOBILES.docx%23_Toc341605398http://e/PARKS,%20REFINARY%20&%20MOBILES.docx%23_Toc3416053987/30/2019 The Key to Success - Part 7 - Parks, Refineries and Mobile Networks
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Acknowledgement
When a book like this comes into
existence, it was very hard to name
and thank all the people that helped
me shape this book. It took me more
than six years to consolidate and
format all the content in a manner
that may benefit the readers.
However, I always thank my wife and
my two sons for continued help and
to design this book. I also express mysincere gratitude to my father who is
my best teacher also for his
continued encouragement and
invaluable support.
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Preface
I started writing this book on various subjects so
that it can offer the basic guidance to the people
preparing for any type of competition in their life
whether it is on educational field or any game like
Kaun Banega Crorepati.
Everyone can get benefitted with this set of
books. The Key to Success has been written forthe people trying to prepare for such type of
games. The scope of this book is not to deep dive
on any subject rather swim across various layers
which is what one need to qualify for winning
large sum on Hot Seat.
I hope everyone will be benefitted with this book.
This book cannot be used to gain exhaustiveknowledge on any given subject but it provides
enough information that you can easily remember
and be better prepared for the game.
At the end of the book, a multi-choice
questionnaire is given that has only one correct
answer. Try to attempt those questions on your
own and then check the correct answers from the
Answer sheet.
Thank You !!!
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National Parks and Sanctuaries
Our earth is full of natural beauty inform of Plants, Birds and Animals. They
are spread all over the world. Since we
are responsible for care and safety of
these natural gifts, some steps have
been taken in which one step is to make
National Parks and Sanctuaries.
These are actually a large piece of land
which is a unique atmosphere for the
animals. The government has decided
to reserve the area to save from
urbanization. People of different
countries like to visit these parks to
enjoy the beauty of nature.
Today more than 6000 National Parksare set up all over the world. In India, as
on today there are more than 100
National Parks and approximately 500
Sanctuaries are located in different
parts of the country and are protected
areas.
The first park was established in 1936
as Hailey National Park which is now
known as Jim Corbett National Park.
Few of major National Parks are listed
below.
State of India Name of Park Area (sq.kms.)
Rajasthan
Ranthambore 400
Keola Dev 30
Sariska 875
Madhya PradeshKanha 950
Bandhavgarh 450
Uttar Pradesh Dudhwa 500
UttrakhandCorbett 1350
Rajaji Park 800
Chhatisgarh Indrawati 1250
Andhra Pradesh Sri Venkateshwar 350
Asom Kaziranga 500
Bihar Valmiki 350
Gujarat Gir Park 250
Haryana Kalesar 100
Karnataka
Bannerghatta 100
Bandipur 875
Nagarhole 650
Kerala Periyar 350
Sikkim Kanchenjanga 1800
Paschim Banga Sunderban 1350
Jharkhand Betla 230
Andaman & Nicobar Campbell 425
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Himachal Pradesh Great Himalayan 750
Jammu & Kashmir Hemis 4000
Tiger Reserves in India
Tiger Reserves in India, administered by
National Tiger Conservation Authority
which is a government body have 42
Tiger Reserves in India. An area of
about 50000 sq.kms. is reserved for
them.
The largest Reserve is Nagarjun Sagar
Tiger Reserve in Andhra Pradesh havingtotal area of about 3500 sq.kms. Other
major Tiger reserves are Sunderban in
West Bengal, Kanha in Madhya
Pradesh, Dudhwa in Uttar Pradesh,
Corbett in Uttrakhand and
Ranthambore in Rajasthan.
As per report submitted by the
Conservation Authority, there were
1411 Tigers in the year 2008 which hasincreased to 1706 in 2010.
Oil Refineries
An oil refinery is an Industrial Plant
where crude oil is processed and refined
into more useful products. These
products are useful materials for the
growth of country. According to its
demand and composition, it can
produce different types of petroleum
products. Major consumption of its
products are used as Energy carriers.
Other than energy products, refinery
also produces few chemicals which are
used to produce plastics etc.
Kind of Products
il products comprise of Gas,
Ethane, LPG (liquefied
Petroleum Gas), Gasoline for
Aviation and transportation, Jet fuel,Kerosene, Diesel, Naphtha, White Spirit,
Lubricants, Bitumen, Paraffin Wax,
Petroleum Coke.
Gasoline
Aviation gasoline is prepared for Jet
engines, with freezing point of -60C.
Bitumen or Asphalt
Bitumen is a solid or viscous
hydrocarbon material which is Brown or
Black in color. It is obtained by vacuumdistillation of Crude Oil. It is mainly
used for labeling of roads, Airport
Runway and for Roofing purpose.
Ethane
Ethane is a naturally gaseous hydro
carbon which is a colorless paraffin gas.
O
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Diesel
Diesel oil includes heavy gas oils. It is
distilled between 180C and 380C.
Several grades are available which is
used in Car, Trucks and other
industrial machineries.
Kerosene
Kerosene is a medium type oil distilled
between 150-300 C. It is also used for
Aircraft transport with Jet fuel.
Jet Fuel
Gasoline type jet fuel includes all light
hydrocarbon oils for use in aviation
turbine power units. It is obtained byblending Kerosone and Naphthas
between 100C - 250C. Its vapor
pressure maintained between 13.7-20.6
kPa.
LPG
Liquefied Petroleum Gases are the light
hydrocarbon namely as Propane or
Butane. LPG is normally liquefied under
pressure for transportation and storage.
It is mainly used in houses for cooking
purposes.
Lubricants
Lubricants are hydrocarbons which is
mainly used to reduce friction between
bearing surfaces.
Naphtha
Naphtha is used for the petrochemical
industry and for gasoline production. Itdistills between 30C and 210C.
Paraffin Waxes
Paraffin Waxes are saturated aliphatic
hydrocarbons. These are extracted when
dewaxing lubricant oils and they have a
crystalline structure. It is a Colorless,
odorless and translucent, with a melting
point above 45C. Question banao
Petroleum CokePetroleum coke is a black solid residue
which is obtained during refinery
process. It consists mainly 90-95% of
carbon. It is used in metallurgical
process in Steel Industries and for
production of chemicals. The good
qualities of Coke are Green Coke and
Calcinated Coke. The Catalyst Coke is
deposited on the catalyst during refining
processes and is not recoverable and isburned as refinery fuel.
White Spirit
White spirit is refined with distillation in
Naphtha. In other words, it is called
SBP which is a light oil of narrower cut.
It has 7 to 8 grades depending on the
position of the cut in the distillation
range.
Other Oil Products
Other oil products are Tar, Sulphur,
Grease etc.
Major Refineries
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he world largest oil Refineries are
at United States of America.
Their capacity is about 9 million
barrels per day. The other countries are
Saudi Arabia about 8.5 million barrels
per day; Russia about 7.6 million
barrels per day; Iran and China about
3.5 million per day, Canada and United
Kingdom about 3.0 million barrels per
day; United Arab Emirates, Kuwait and
Iraq estimated 2.5 million per day.
Jamnagar Refinery of Reliance
Industries Limited is Indias largest
Refinery having capacity of over 1.25
million barrel per day.
Indian Oil, Bharat Petroleum,
Hindustan Petroleum, Caltex, Falcon,Petronas, Fushun, Cosmo, Nippon,
Total are renowned names of Oil
companies of the world. Byco Petroleum
is the Oil Refinery of Pakistan. Major
Refineries of United States are Chevron,
Citgo, Esso, Exxon, Marathon,
Paramount, Pennzoil, Valero and Shell.
Refineries in India
Three major Oil companies of India are
Indian Oil Corporation (IOC), Bharat
Petroleum Corporation Limited (BPCL)
and Hindustan Petro Chemical Limited
(HPCL). More than 20 Refineries are
operative under these companies.
Other than this, Reliance Industries
Ltd. has its own Refinery which is
worlds largest private Refinery.
Oil Company Name of Refinery Location Year Production
Indian OilCorporation
Mathura RefineryMathura
(U.P.)1982 156000 BPD
Barauni RefineryBarauni(Bihar)
1964 116000 BPD
Bongaigaon RefineryBongaigaon
(Asom)1979 48000 BPD
Digboi RefineryDigboi(Asom)
1901 13000 BPD
Gujarat RefineryVadodara(Gujarat)
1965 170000 BPD
Guwahati RefineryGuwahati
(Asom)1962 20000 BPD
Haldia RefineryHaldia(W.B.)
1975 116000 BPD
Manali Refinery(CPCL)
Manali(T.N.)
1965 185000 BPD
NagapattinamNaganam
(T.N.)1993 20000 BPD
BharatPetroleum Corp.
Ltd.
Kochi RefineryKochi
(Kerala)1966 146000 BPD
Mumbai Refinery
(Burma Shell)
Mumbai
(M.S.) 1977 135000 BPD
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Numaligarh RefineryGolaghat(Asom)
2001 15000 BPD
Hindustan PetroChemical Ltd.
Mumbai Refinery(ESSO)
Mumbai(M.S.)
1954/1974
100000 BPD
Vizag Refinery
(CALTEX)
Vizag
(A.P.)
1957 /
1978
150000 BPD
Bathinda Refinery(GGSR)
Bathinda(Punjab)
2012 180000 BPD
Mangalore RefineryMangalore
(T.N.)1998 190000 BPD
RelianceIndustries Ltd.
Jamnagar RefineryJamnagar(Gujarat)
1999 660000 BPD
Oil & NaturalGas Corpn.
Tatipaka RefineryTatipaka
(A.P.)2001 1600 BPD
Essar Essar RefineryVadinar(Gujarat)
2006 300000 BPD
It is to be noted that One Barrel is equal to
approximately 159 Litres for Petroleum products.
Plastic and its usage
A plastic means capable of beingmolded. It is a synthetic organic solid.
Mainly it is used in films, fibers, tubes,
bottles, boxes etc. Thermo Plastics and
Thermo Polymers are two types of
Plastics are there. Thermoplastics do
not undergo chemical changes in their
composition when heated. It can be
molded again and again. Thermo
settings Polymers once melt, it take a
shape and stay solid. The raw materialis taken from Petroleum and Natural
Gas. Plastic can be classified by their
chemical structures e.g. Acrylic,
Polyesters, Silicon, etc. It can also be
classified by its physical properties such
as density, tensile strength, resistance
etc. The following are the kinds of
plastic and their uses.
Kind of Plastic Abreviation Uses in
Poly Propylene P PFood Containers, Appliances, Car
Bumpers, Pressure Pipes etc.
Poly Styrene P SPackaging Foam, Disposable crockery andcutlery, CD and Cassette boxes, Jelly etc.
High Impact PolyStyrene
H I P S Fridge Liners, Vending Cups etc.
AcrylonitrileButadiene Styrene
A B SComputer Monitors, Printers, Key Boards,
Drainage Pipes and other electronics
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Popy EthyleneTerephthalate
P E TCold drink bottles, Household Jars,
Window Films etc.
Polyester P E S Making Fibre Textiles
Poly amides P ANylon Fibres, Tooth brush, Car engine
moldings etc.
Poly VinylChloride
P V CPlumbing Pipes, Shower Curtains, Window
Frames, Flooring etc.
Poly Urethanes P U Cushion Foams, Car materials etc.
Poly Carbonate P C Eye glasses, traffic Lights, Lenses etc.
Post ConsumerResin
P C RMilk Bottles, Water Containers, Toys,
Plastic Bags
Mobile Phones
nce there was a time when
telephone was a status symbol
and total consumers were below
one lac during British period. Use of
telephone increased day by day and it
reached to five million in 1991 and
presently this figure crossed one billion.
On a later stage mobile phones were
also launched in India during 1990s
and first company was Nokia. The First
Mobile service provider company was
Modi Group in 1995 and started in
Kolkata. Mobile phones launched and
people liked its uses.
Today about 1 Billion subscribers uses
mobile phones in India and is still
continuing to enhance. This figure is
almost 70% of total population of India.India has the worlds second largest
mobile phone users. The tariff is also
lowest comparative to other parts of the
world.
Mobile Service provider companies in
India are Bharat Sanchar Nigam
Limited (BSNL), Airtel (Bharti
Enterprises), Reliance Communications
(Anil Ambani), Vodafone (Essar and
Vodafone), Idea Cellular (Aditya Birla),
Tata DoCoMo and Tata Virgin (Tata),
Aircel (Apollo Hospital) and Uninor
(Unitech) etc.
Consumption rate of few countries is
much higher than that of its
populations. They are Hong Kong
(190%), Saudi Arabia (170%), Russia
and Italy (150%), Singapore (140%),
Germany (130%), United Kingdom
(125%) and United States of America,
Brazil and Thailand (105%).
Similarly use of mobile phones in some
countries is much lesser than its
population. These countries areBangladesh, Nepal and Pakistan where
rate of use is 48, 53 and 65 percent
respectively. The least users are in
North Korea i.e. just 5% of total
population.
O
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Mobile Services Providers in India
Network Ownership Users (Millions)
Airtel Bharti Enterprises 190
Idea Aditya Birla 117
Reliance Communication Reliance ADAG 155
Vodafone Vodafone (India) 155
B.S.N.L. State Govt. 100
Tata DoCoMo Tata Tele 90
Aircel Apollo Hospital 65
Uninor Unitech 42
M.T.S. Shyam Group 15
Videocon Videocon 5
M.T.N.L. State Govt. 5Loop Mobile Essar 3
Ping Mobile Infotel 1
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Questions based on the above
1-G. Former Hailey National Park isbetter known as?
(a) Keola Deo National Park(b) Dudhwa National Park(c) Jim Corbett National Park(d) Sariska National Park
2-L. What is the capacity of one Barrelfor Petroleum Products?(a) 101 Litres (b) 149 Litres(c) 159 Litres (d) 141 Litres
3-S. Which kind of Plastic is used formaking Eye Glasses?
(a) Poly Carbonate(b) Poly Propylene(c) Poly Styrene(d) Poly Vinyl
4-A. What is the total strength ofTigers as on 2010 report of the TigerConservation Authority?(a) 1411 (b) 1515(c) 1706 (d) 2415
5-L. By which group of India, themobile services were launched first timein India?(a) Birla Group (b) Modi Group(c) B.S.N.L. (d) Tata Tele.
6-E. Which country has the maximumpercentage of consumers of mobilephones comparative to its population?(a) Hong Kong (b) India
(c) Germany (d) United States
7-A. Which States of India has thecredit to launch first Mobile services?(a) New Delhi (b) Mumbai(c) Kolkata (d) Bangalore
8-N. Where is located ChitwanNational Park?(a) Burma (b) Nepal(c) Malaysia (d) India
9-O. Which of these is First NationalPark of India?
(a) Dudhwa (b) Kaziranga(c) Gir (d) Corbett
10-D. What is Tear Gas?(a) Bromo Acetone(b) Chloro Benzyl Idenemalono Nitrile(c) Benzyl Bromide(d) Bromo Benzyl Cyanide
11-B. Which gas smells near uncleanedPublic toilets?
(a) Ammonia(b) Carbon Dioxide(c) Chlorine(d) Sulphur Dioxide
12-D. Which element is found mostabundantly in crust of the Earth?(a) Silicon (b) Aluminium(c) Oxygen (d) Iron
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Scoring System
The questions are divided into ten slabs of rating, as usual which has anumeral value. These letters are A, B, D, E, G, H, L, N, O and S.
Answers
Q.Ans. Q.Ans. Q.Ans.
1c 2c 3 - a
4c 5b 6 - a
7c 8b 9 - d
10b 11a 12 - c
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Bibliography
When I compiled this chapter, I took help of some websites related to it. The following
quotes and references were visited.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_India
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oil_refineries
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_network_operators_of_India
CD of Manorama Guide upto the years 2011.
Hope you enjoyed to read the book
The Key to Success
From Part I to Part 6 on different topics
Now in this part of book you will find knowledge
regarding National Parks and Sanctuaries, Oil
Refineries and Mobile Network Operators etc.
I tried to give you as much information as
possible regarding the above subject keeping in
view that there is too much to write on this topic
but I tried my best to provide only the most
relevant information.
Again I will request you all to share it with your
friends too. You may buy the complete book
with all the issues together at a discounted rate
as well from various online services released
separately.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oil_refinerieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oil_refinerieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_network_operators_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_network_operators_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_network_operators_of_Indiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_oil_refinerieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_national_parks_of_IndiaTop Related