The Chinese Civil War**You don’t need to write anything on this page, by the way.
I should install a guardrail like this at my summer cabin...Oh, how your
affection toward molded steel amuses me so, Mao!
The Chinese Civil WarChiang Kai Shek
• Leader of the Chinese Nationalist Party
• Represented Middle/Upper Class Businessmen
• Supported by U.S.
Chinese Civil WarMao Zedong
• Leader of the Chinese Communist Party
• Represented Farmers and Laborers from rural villages
• Supported by USSR
Outcome of the Civil War• Mao & his
Communist Party win. He declares a unified China on Oct 1, 1949
• Chiang & his Nationalists fled to the island of Taiwan after losing the mainland to the communists.
• The U.N. recognized Nationalist China (Taiwan) as the legitimate representative of China (until 1971).
• After WWII, Korea was divided at the 38th parallel:
1) N Korea = Soviet
occupation zone
2) S Korea = US occupation zone
Post-WWII Korea
• After mainland China became communist, US feared communism would spread in Asia.
• June 25, 1950: N. Korea invaded S Korea
Containment in Asia - Korea
• United Nations response:
1. UN “police action” against aggressors to contain communism
2. 21 countries sent troops & support to SK
(US = 88% of troops)
3. Gen MacArthur given command of UN troops
Containment in Asia - Korea
Outcome of Korean War
• Communist Chinese troops support N Korea
• War lasted 3 yrs with many casualties
• Cease-fire, NOT peace treaty signed in 1953
Joseph McCarthy & the Red Scare
• Senator from Wisconsin 1947-1957
• Caused panic & terror among the public known as the “Red Scare”
• “Red Scare” = Idea that communists were planted inside the gov’t & were spies among us.
Joseph McCarthy & the Red Scare
• McCarthy wrongfully accused Americans of being communists.
• “Blacklist” = names of suspected communists who were then shunned by employers.
• After numerous hearings, the Senate officially condemned McCarthy.
Central Intelligence Agency The CIA
● Truman signed the National Security Act of 1947 creating the CIA.
● The President now had direct control of overseas operations.
● Most operations were covert and against non-democratic governments.
What was the Bay of Pigs?
• Covert (top secret) operation begun by Pres. Eisenhower
• Inherited by Kennedy when elected Pres.
● The plan: Cuban exiles trained under the CIA to overthrow Castro’s communist government.
Kennedy with Cuban exiles
Where is the Bay of Pigs, in Cuba?
Outcome of the Bay of Pigs
● Complete failure!● Agents were caught● Great
embarrassment to Pres. Kennedy
● Criticism of U.S. foreign policy
You do not need to write this in your
notes.
Map Analysis
The circle =
target range of Soviet
missiles stationed in Cuba.
What US cities could be targets?
123
Cuban Missile Crisis• Fidel Castro, Cuban
Dictator
• Nikita Kruschev, Soviet Premier
• John F Kennedy, US President
• 13 day October Crisis: Showdown between JFK & Kruschev
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