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1.1.1.1.BioReLab
BioReLab
BioReLab
BioReLab.,DepartmentofZ
oology/Entomology,HNBGU
(ACentralUniversity),Cam
pusBadshahithaulTehri
.,DepartmentofZ
oology/Entomology,HNBGU
(ACentralUniversity),Cam
pusBadshahithaulTehri
.,DepartmentofZ
oology/Entomology,HNBGU
(ACentralUniversity),Cam
pusBadshahithaulTehri
.,DepartmentofZ
oology/Entomology,HNBGU
(ACentralUniversity),Cam
pusBadshahithaulTehri----24
9199(UK)
24
9199(UK)
24
9199(UK)
24
9199(UK)
2.DepartmentofZoology,GovernmentPGCollege,
2.DepartmentofZoology,GovernmentPGCollege,
2.DepartmentofZoology,GovernmentPGCollege,
2.DepartmentofZoology,GovernmentPGCollege,Kotdwara
Kotdwara
Kotdwara
KotdwaraGa
rhwal
Ga
rhwal
Ga
rhwal
Ga
rhwal(UK)INDIA
(UK)INDIA
(UK)INDIA
(UK)INDIA
1.
Correspondingauthor:aso
9450501471
Correspondingauthor:aso
9450501471
Correspondingauthor:aso
9450501471
Correspondingauthor:aso
9450501471
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INT
RODUCT
ION
Inrecentyears,
Uttarakhandhas
emergedason
eofthemostattractive
industrialdestinationsinIndia.
TheGovernment
isencouragingpr
ivateparticipationinallindustrial
activities
andasaresultbig
playerssuchasHLLandDaburhave
setupunitsinthestate.
placetheregulato
ryframeworkforUttarakhand'sindustrialization.
TheNewIndustrialPolicyindicates
thatprivateresou
rcesmaybetapp
edwhile
promotingintegra
tedIndustrialEsta
tesinUttarakhand.
TheindustrialsectoroftheUttarakhandstategrowin
gdaybydayand
itisvery
goodforthedeve
lopmentofstate
andcountryalso,butweshouldre
member
thesecondphage
ofindustrialization.
Itistheindustria
leffluent,dispose
dbytheindustries.Theindustrial
effluents
havemanypolluta
ntsincludingheavymetals.
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HEA
VY
META
L
POLLUTION
Inearlydaysofab
undantresources
andnegligiblede
velopmentpressu
res,little
attentionwaspaidtoenvironmentalissue,although
someenvironmen
trelated
legislationpertain
ingtodifferentsectorswasauthoriz
ed.
Rapideconomicc
hangeshaveresu
ltedinelevatedleveloftoxicheav
ymetals
andradionuclides
enteringthebiosphere.
So
an
or
qu
wastescontan
ngtoxc
eavymetasmay
egenerate
n
variousindustrialprocessessuch
aschemicalmanufacturing,electricpower
generating,coala
ndoremining,sm
ellingandmetal
refining,metalplatingand
others.
Continuousmonitoringofheavy
metalslevelin
theenvironment
isvery
importantsinceitcannotbedegradedandbecomingpublichealth
problem
whenincreasedaboveacceptancelevel.
Healthproblemd
uetoheavymeta
lspollutionincludenausea,vomiting,bone
complications,ne
rvoussystem
imp
airmentsandevendeathbecome
amajor
problem
throughoutmanycountrieswhenmetalionsconcentratio
ninthe
environmentexceededtheadmissib
lelimits.
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ME
THODOLOGY
Sam
pleCollectionan
dProcessing:
Theliquidandsolidwastes
werecollectedfromd
ifferentsitesofUttarakhandstateincluding
Sevageand
Municipality(APHA199
8).Theleachatefromsolidwastewasprepared
accordingtothemetho
ddescribed
byFrenchStandardmethod(Ferrarietal.,1999
,Srivastavaetal.,2005
andSavithaetal.,2010
).Themetal
concentrationsanalysed
byICP-MS(Ashoketal
2010).
Mic
robialstrainand
HeavymetalTra
ining:
Streptomycessp.strainsweremaintainedinagarsla
nts(Holtetal1994)co
ntainingnutrientbroth
,whichwas
isolatedfrom
sludgecontaminatedwithheav
ymetal.Individualstockmetalionsolutions
ofdifferent
concentrationofCufromCuSO4.5H2O,Cdfrom
3CdSO4.8H2O,Crfrom
K2Cr2O7,NifromNiCl.6H
2O,Pbfrom
PbacetateandZnfrom
ZnSO4respectivelywasprepared.(Hammainietal2006).Microbialstrainswere
allowedtogrowinthesupplementedmediawithmetalconcentration,
whichwasincreased0
g/mlto350
g/ml(Kumaretal2010b).
Bios
orptionExperim
ent:
Exper
imentsofheavymetals
biosorptionweredoneinErlenmeyerflaskscon
taining150mland15.0
1.0mgof
cells.Toensureequilib
rium,cellsandwasteweremaintainedincontactfor48hours,und
erconstant
agitation,at30-350C
2C.After48hours,cellswereseparatedfro
m
themedium
andresidualmetal
concentrationsweremo
nitoredbyICP-MS.The
optimumpHandtempe
raturemaintainedforth
egrowthof
microorganismsintheb
atchculture.(Chatarzee
etal2001;Cybulskieta
l,2003;Kumaretal201
0b).
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RESU
LTS
ToleranceofMic
robes
Theculturescondition
s:Temperature(2830oC),pHof6.8
0.2.
Themetalconcentration-0mg/l(control
)to300mg/l
StreptomycesspshowedthetoleranceforCrandco-tolera
nceforPbandCu.
The
controlandoptimizationofbiorem
ediationprocess
esisacomplexs
ystem
of
.
Existenceofa
microbialsps.cap
ableofdegrading
thepollutants
availabilityof
contaminantstot
hemicrobialpopu
lation
Environmentfactorssuchastem
perature
pHPresenceofoxygenorotherele
ctronacceptors
Nutrients
Micr
obes
were
allowed
to
grown
in
the
media
containing
heavy
metals
concentrationand
theywereadopt
edfortheconcernedmetals.Understanding
metalmicroberelationshipshasled
toadvancesinbioremediation(Ma
lik2004;
Bruinsetal.2000)
.
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METAL
TOLERA
NCE
6
0
7
0
8
0
Streptomycess
p.
Biosorption
capa
cities
dependon-
Metal
concentration
pH
of
the
solut
ion
Contacttime
Ion
icstrength
Presence
of
competitiveions.
MorleyandGadd
70
5
5
25
15
10
5
0
1
0
2
0
3
0
4
0
5
0
C
2
5
50
100
200
250
No.ofColonie
Concentrationofm
etal(mg/l)
(1995
)concluded
for
fungal
biom
assthatthe
differentcellwall
polym
ers
have
vario
usfunctional
groups
and
differing
charge
distributions
and
there
fore
different
metal-
bindingcapacities
anda
ffinities.
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BIOR
EMEDIATION
ACTIVITY
Thre
emetalCu,CrandPdweresorbedbyStreptomy
cessp.
Copperreductionrangedfrom0.288
-1.129mg/l,chromiumreduction
ranged
from0.386-6.42mg/l,whichshow
edmaximumre
ductioninchrom
iumby
Streptomycessp
andreductionin
leadrangedfrom0.063-0.286m
g/l.
Sha
rma
and
Loya
l(2009)
studied
the
chrom
ium
(III)
removalby
Streptomycessp
fromtanneryef
fluentandfound
thesimilarresu
ltsasin
caseofchromium
removal.
Pura
nik,etal.(1995)foundStrepto
mycespimprina
waspotentbio
sorbent
forcadmiuminh
isstudy.
Stre
ptomycesrimos
usbiomassused
forCu,Znand
Crbiosorptionbymany
investigators(Ad
dour,etal.199
9;Chergui,eta
l.2007;Ashwini,etal.
2009).
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ACT
IVITY
OF
STREPTOMYCES
SP
Site
Sample
CM(Cu)
CMF(Cu)
CM(Cr
)
CMF(Cr)
CM(Pb)
CMF(Pb)
HR
Solid*
ND
ND
2.09
0.564
ND
ND
Liquid
3.90
3.198
8.56
2.140
0.858
0.582
DD
Solid
ND
ND
3.34
0.935
ND
ND
Table
1:
Metal
conc.inthewaste
samp
les(CM
and
CMF)
.
Optimal
cond
itions:
Liquid
4.78
3.872
1.85
0.536
0.560
0.380
MR
Solid
ND
ND
0.56
0.174
ND
ND
Liquid
5.95
4.821
1.05
0.294
0.202
0.139
RK
Solid
ND
ND
0.96
0.288
ND
ND
Liquid
1.80
1.512
1.45
0.405
0.865
0.579
KR
Solid
ND
ND
3.12
0.845
ND
ND
Liquid
ND
ND
2.15
0.602
0.564
0.383
RR
Solid
ND
ND
3.45
0.935
ND
ND
Liquid
4.78
3.858
ND
ND
0.562
0.382
Temp.
30C
30C
and
pH
6.8
0.2.
Samplewereof
sixcities:
HR:
Haridwar
DD:
Dehradun
MR:
Mossorrie
RK:
Rishikesh
KR:
Kashipur
RR:
Roorkee
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BIOACC
UMULAT
ION
68
Cu
Cr
Pb
Graph
2:
Bioaccumulatio
n
(mg/g
of
Biom
ass)
by
Strep
tomyces
sp
(mul
tiresistant).
Ashok
Kumar
024
They
reduced
three
metals
viz.Cr,Cuand
Pb.
Max.reduction
recorded
by
acclimated
species
was
chromium,
it
was72%.
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DISCUSS
ION
Microorganisms
areintimatelyinvolvedinmetalbiogeochemistrywitha
varietyofproces
sesdetermining
mobilityandtherefore,bioavailability.
Thebalancebetweenmobilizationandimmobilizationvariesde
pending
on
theorganismsinvolved,th
eirenvironmen
tand
physicoc
hemical
Ashok
Kumar
.
Metal
mobilization
can
ar
ise
from
a
variety
of
leaching
mechanisms,complexationby
metabolites
and
siderophores
and
methylation,wh
erethisresultsinvolatilization.Inaddition,redu
ctionof
highervalencyspeciesmayeffectmobilization,e.g.,Cr(VI)toCr(III).
Inthecontexto
fbioremediatio
n,solubilization
ofmetalconta
minants
provides
am
eans
of
remo
val
from
solid
matrices,s
uch
as
soils,sediments,dumpsandothersolidindustrialwastes(Kum
aretal
2010).
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C
ONCLUS
ION
The
tolerancetest
indicatedthatamongexper
imentalheavy
metals
maximum
tole
rancewassho
wntoCr,Pb
andCd,showingthe
growthofStrep
tomycesspup
to200-250ug/
ml.
The
heavymetals
reducedbyfilamentousbac
teriaStreptom
ycessp
arecopper,chromiumandlead.
The
averageCure
ductionbyStreptomycesspw
as18%,Crreduction
wasrecordeda
s72%andPbreductionwas32%.
The
gram
positive
bacteriaStre
ptomycesspw
asprovedas
strong
biosorbentforchromiumheav
ymetal.
Furtherstudiesshouldbecarried
outtoestablishthequantityorlevel
ofbioremediationwhichaffec
tsthetreatmen
tefficiency.
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Authorsaret
hankfultoProf.J.P.Bhatt,HOD
Biotechnology
and
Zoo
logy,
HNBG
U
(A
central
Un
iversity)
S
rinagar
Ga
rhwal
(Uttarakhand
)
INDIAf
or
his
va
luable
Acknowle
dgements
suggesonsa
n
r.
aurav
upa,
recor
HimachalInstituteofLife
Sciences,Pa
nonta
Sahib
(HP)
INDIA
forprovidingth
e
lab
facility.
Theauthors
arealsogratefultoD
r.A.K
Singh,
Scien
tist
C,
Wadia
Institute
of
HimalayanGeologyforv
aluablecom
ments
andtechnical
support.
8/7/2019 Streptomyces Bio Remediation Activity
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SNAP
SHOTS
..
8/7/2019 Streptomyces Bio Remediation Activity
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T
Y
Ashok
Kumar
f
y
e
Forfurtherquer
iesrelatedtoBiore
mediation:[email protected]
OrContactat+919450501471
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