Chemical Energy Conversion into Electricity

Steam Power Plant Components

A steam power plant can perform two purposes:(A) Production of electric power only. (B) Production of electric power along with the production of steam for industrial purposes.

The industries in which the steam is used for different processing purposes are: Paper mills Textiles Sugar mills and refineries Chemical worksPlastic manufacture Food processing Laundries and hotels MetallurgyPlaces that use district heating.

Cogeneration Topping Cycle Bottoming Cycle

Arrangements for cogeneration in a topping cycle: (a) Steam-electric power plant with a back pressure turbine. (b) Steam-electric power plant with steam extraction from a condensing turbine. (c) Gas turbine power plant with a heat recovery boiler to generate process steam. (d) Combined steam-gas turbine cycle power plants. The steam turbine is either of the back pressure type or of the extraction-condensing type .

Cogeneration with extraction-condensing turbine

Exhaust-heat recovery steam gas plant

Classification of steam Power plants1. Central Stations2. Industrial Power Stations or Captive Power StationsBoth types can be non-condensing or condensing

Non-condensing steam power plant

Condensing steam power plant

A relative picture of the pressure and temperature conditions achieved

Working condition Pressure (MPa absolute) 35Temperature oC820Boiler capacity (lakhs of kg/hr) 16

Coal S-fired steam power plant

COM PONENTS OF A MODERN COAL-FIRED STEAM PLANT

Boiler Super-heater Reheater Economizer Air-heater

Steam TurbineGeneratorCondenserCooling TowersCirculating Water PumpBoiler Feed PumpWagon Tippler

9. Crusher House 10. Coal MillInduced Draught (I.D. Fans)Ash PrecipitatorsBoiler ChimneyForced Draught Fans (F.D. Fans)Water Treatment Plant

16. Switch Yard 17. Control Room