ThisprojecthasreceivedfundingfromtheEuropeanUnion’sSeventhFrameworkProgrammeforresearch,technologicaldevelopmentanddemonstrationundergrantagreementno612870.
Socialinnovation– ResearchandPolicyoftheFutureResultsfromtheSI-DRIVEProject
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt(TU-DortmundUniversity)
FinalConference24thofOctober2017,Brussels
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 2
“Althoughsocialinnovationspopupinmanyareasandpoliciesandinmanydisguises,andsocialinnovationisresearchedfromanumberoftheoreticalandmethodologicalangles,theconditionsunderwhichsocialinnovationsdevelop,flourishandsustainandfinallyleadtosocietalchangearenotyetfullyunderstoodbothinpoliticalandacademiccircles.”
Jenson/Harrisson
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 3
Mission:ExtendingknowledgeaboutSocialInnovationasadriverofsocialchange• Integratingtheoriesandresearchmethodologiestoadvanceunderstanding
ofSI leadingtoacomprehensivenewparadigmofinnovation.
• UndertakingEuropeanandglobalmapping ofSI,therebyaddressingdifferentsocial,economic,cultural,historicalandreligiouscontextsineightmajorworldregions.
• Ensuringrelevanceforpolicymakersandpractitionersthroughin-depthanalysesandcasestudiesinsevenpolicyfields,withcrossEuropeanandworldregioncomparisons,foresightandpolicyroundtables.
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 4
IterativeProcess:Two Empirical Phases Based onand FeedingTheory – Methodology – Policy Development
Phase1 Phase2 FinalResults
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 5
BuildingBlocks towardsatheoryofsocialinnovation
SocialEntrepreneurship,Social Economy,
Local and RegionalDevelopment,DesignThinking,(History of Social
Innovation)
InnovationSystems,Transitionresearch,
STS,BusinessInnovation
Theories of Social Change,PractiseTheory,DevelopmentTheories
Relationshipbetween socialinnovation andsocial change
Social Theory
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 6
ConceptualDifferencesandCommonResearchFields
Wefindalotofconceptualdifferencesinthetheoreticalfields,notonlywithregardtotheconceptandunderstandingof (social)innovationbutalsoregarding:• the role of technologies,• themainactorsanddrivers,• socialinnovationandsocialchange,• thegovernanceandframeworkconditions,and• acomprehensiveinnovationpolicy.
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 7
Socialinnovationisseenas
• anewcombinationorfigurationofpractices inareasofsocialaction,
• promptedbycertainactorsorconstellationsofactors• withthegoalofbettercopingwithneedsandproblemsthanis
possiblebyuseofexistingpractices.• Aninnovationisthereforesocialtotheextentthatitvariessocial
action,andissociallyacceptedanddiffusedinsociety.• Dependingoncircumstancesofsocialchange,interests,policiesand
power,socialideasaswellassuccessfullyimplementedSImaybetransformedandultimatelyinstitutionalisedasregularsocialpracticeormaderoutine.(Howaldtetal.2014)
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 8
Inthislightinnovationcanbeunderstood
“asaprocessofcollectivecreation,inthecourseofwhichthemembersofaparticulartotalpopulationlearn,i.e.inventandestablish,newwaysofplayingthesocialgameofcollaborationandconflict,inawordanewsocialpractice,andinthecourseofwhichtheyacquirethenecessary…abilitiestodothis.”
(Crozier/Friedberg1993)
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 9
FiveKeyDimensionsofSocialInnovation
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 10
Sevenbuildingblocks:• AcomprehensivedefinitionofSIas“newsocialpractices”
openingtheviewtothevarietyofSI• Fivekeydimensions operationalisingtheSIdefinition
affectingthepotentialofsocialinnovations,theirscope,andtheirimpact
• Awidearrayofactorswithdifferingroles,changingacrossdifferentlevelsandduringtheSI-lifecycle
Noveltheoreticalframeworkencompassingthecomplexityofsocialinnovationsanditsembeddednessininstitutionalsettings
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 11
Sevencentralelements:• EmpowermentandhumanresourcesaskeyforSI’sdevelopment
anddiffusion• Interrelationbetweendifferentlevelsofaction:themacro(policyfields),
meso (practicefields)andmicrolevel(projects,initiatives)• ComplexanddynamicSIecosystemsincludingnewrolesforpublicpolicy
andgovernment,theeconomyandcivilsociety,andscienceandresearch.• Mechanismsofsocialchange:(1)learning,(2)variation,(3)selection,
(4)conflict,(5)competition,(6)cooperation,(7)tensionandadaption,(8)diffusion,(9)planningandinstitutionalisationofchange
Noveltheoreticalframework
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 12
332
76
20
92
37
84114
108
34
52
47CasesN/A
Region,where theinitiativewasimplemented
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 13
Policy Fieldsthe Initiativeis Addressing
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 14
Thepolicyreportsrevealedthestrongneedforsocialinnovationinthesevenpolicyfields.
Butatthesametime
“…policyfieldrelateddocumentsofpublicauthoritiessuchastheEuropeanCommission,theUnitedNations,theOECD,theWorldBank,etc.oftendonotrefertosocialinnovations(exceptionsareHorizon2020documentsaswellaspublicationsofotherDGssuchasDGEmployment,SocialAffairsandInclusionandDGInternalMarket,Industry,EntrepreneurshipandSMEs).“Source:Compilingreport
Increasing Importance and Undeveloped Potential
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 15
TypeofPartners
46,4%
45,5%
37,1%
15,2%
13,9%
13,9%
12,5%
6,5%
9,9%
NPO/NGO
Public Body
Private Company
Research & Education
Foundation
Individuals, Networks & Groups
Social Enterprise
PPP
OtherN = 928
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 16
35,7%
25,4%
17,0%
Byprojectpartners Adoptionbynewusers Adoptionbyexternalorganizations
Formofthetransfer
total(N=782)
0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%
InternationalTerritory
RegionalTerritory
LocalTerritory
NationalTerritory
Territorialtransferofthesolution
total(N=997)
LimitedTransferandScaling
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%
Incr
ease
d Ta
rget
Gro
up
Net
wor
k Ex
tens
ion
Org
anis
atio
nal
Grow
th
Inst
itutio
nalis
atio
n
Mul
tiplie
rs
Imita
tion
Diff
eren
tiatio
n
Exte
nsio
n to
ot
her P
olic
y Ar
eas
Fran
chis
e
Accr
edita
tion
Scalingtotal (N=851)
34%
66%
Transferofthesolution
Notransfer
Transfer
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 17
Societal level adressed
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 18
Typology Based onSocial Innovations‘Interactionwith the social-cultural environment
Social-cultural
Environment
Transforming
ModernisingRepairing
Coexistence
ToleratedAcceptedIntegrated
Combat
Prevent
19Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt
PAGE20
CaseStudies(Policy Fields)
Cases Practice FieldsEducation 18 Disadvantaged groups,newlearningarrangements,newdigital
environments,qualityimprovement,partnershipeducationandeconomy
Employment 10 Youthunemploymentandvulnerablegroups,socialentrepreneurship,workplaceinnovation
Environment 10 CircularEconomy,Alternativesustainablefoodproductionanddistribution,Alternativesustainablefoodproductionanddistribution,smartcitycontext
Energy Supply 7 Energycollectives,Providingexamplesandinspiration,Localproductionofenergy
Transportand Mobility 9 Car-sharing,mobilityofvulnerablegroupsHealth andSocialCare 15 Shiftincarelocation,self-management,Integratedcare
delivery,E-health,m-health,NewmodelsofcarePovertyReduction 13 Microfinancing&safetynets,communitycapacitybuilding&
advocacy,displacement&refugeesTotal 82
MainBarriers
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 21
32,1%
5,7%
6,3%
7,6%
10,4%
12,5%
14,1%
16,5%
17,5%
18,4%
51,7%
Other
PoliticalOpposition
Competitors
LackofMediaCoverage
Lackofinstitutionalaccess
AbsenceofParticipants
MissingPoliticalSupport
LegalRestrictions
KnowledgeGaps
LackofPersonnel
FundingChallenges
N=765
Creating differentiated funding opportunities
Oneofthemostimportantchallengesofthefutureiscreationoffundingformatswhichenableimpulsesforthedevelopment,experimentationanddiffusionofsocialinnovations.
Thisincludesfundingwhich• exploresthespecificsofsocialinnovations,• mergessocialandtechnologicalinnovationsinasynergisticway.
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 22
Social InnovationIndex
The Economist, Old problems, new solutions: Measuring the capacity for social innovation across the world 2016, p.17
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 23
Social Innovation
CivilSociety
Public Sector
Economy
University/Science/Research
Social innovation:Thecore of Social ChangeDevelopmentof new alliances /Cross-sector Fertilization
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 24
Social Innovationfor GermanyTodayweseeuniversitiesandresearchinstitutionsconfrontedwiththechallengeofrealising theirpotentialinthesenseofacomprehensiveunderstandingofinnovationregardingtechnologicalandsocialinnovations.• Toresearchsocialinnovationsandtogiveanimpulseto
processesofsocietalchange• Tointegratethetopicofsocialinnovationinclassand
teaching• Toincludesocietalactorsatanearlystageinresearch
andtransferandtoincreasethepotentialofinnovationforSIinthesociety
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 25
Newresearch conceptsNewresearch concepts are needed inordertounlockthepotentialofsocialinnovationinsocietyandtoenableparticipationoftherelevantactorsandcivilsociety.
• TransformativeResearch• DesignThinking• OpenInnovation/Co-Creation• LivingLabs• SocialInnovationCentres
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 26
Cross-Cutting-ThemestheInitiativesareAddressing
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 27
5,7%
10,9%
17,4%
19,0%
32,9%
34,1%
42,1%
53,2%
62,4%
Other
Migration
Demographic Change
Governance
Gender/Equality/Diversity
ICT & Social Media
Social Enterpreneurship/Economy/Enterprises
Human Resources/Knowledge
Empowerment
N = 2.647
Comprehensive InnovationPolicySocialInnovationsarerequiringspecificconditionsbecausetheyaimatactivating,fostering,andutilizingtheinnovationpotentialofthewholesociety.AcomprehensiveInnovationPolicyhastofocusonnewparticipationandcollaborationstructures,co-creationanduserinvolvement,empowermentandhumanresourcesdevelopmentasbasicconditionsforsocialinnovation.
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 28
1986:Centre derecherche sur lesinnovations sociales (CRISES),Montreal
1990:Centre for Social Innovation(ZSI),Vienna
2000:Centerfor Social Innovation,StanfordUniversity
2003: Skoll CentreforSocialEntrepreneurship,OxfordUniversity
2004:Centre for Social Innovation(CSI),Toronto
2005:YoungFoundation,London
2006:CentrumfürsozialeInvestitionenundInnovationen,Heidelberg
2008:SocialInnovationExchange(SIX),Europe
Infrastructurefor Social Innovation
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 29
2009:TheAustralianCentreforSocialInnovation(TACSI),Adelaide
2010:SocialInnovationandSocialEntrepreneurshipResearchCentre,NewZealand
2011:WaterlooInstituteforSocialInnovationandResilience(WISIR),Waterloo
2011: TilburgSocialInnovationLab (TiSIL),Tilburg
2012: SinnergiakSocialInnovation,SanSebastián
2012:EuropeanSchoolofSocialInnovation,Vienna
2012: SocialLab,SantiagodeChile (BuenosAires,Montevideo,Bogotá,MexicoCity)…....
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 30
SocialInnovationaspartofademocraticculture
Withtheexpansionoftheparticipationrepertoire,socialinnovationsrefertoissuesofdemocraticpolitics.Socialinnovationsrepresentastrengtheningaswellasachallengefortheestablisheddemocraticstructures.
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 31
Thefourthindustrialrevolutionandtheconsequencesforsociety“Wearewitnessingprofoundshiftsacrossallindustries,markedbytheemergenceofnewbusinessmodels,thedisruptionofincumbentsandthereshapingofproduction,consumption,transportationanddeliverysystems.Onthesocietalfront,aparadigmshiftisunderwayinhowweworkandcommunicate,aswellashowweexpress,informandentertainourselves.
ProfessorKlausSchwab,FounderandExecutiveChairmanoftheWorldEconomicForum,(pp.1)
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 32
Thefourthindustrialrevolution andtheconsequencesforsociety“Technologyisnotanexogenousforceoverwhichwehavenocontrol.Wearenotconstrainedbyabinarychoicebetween“acceptandlivewithit”and“rejectandlivewithoutit”.Instead,takedramatictechnologicalchangeasaninvitationtoreflectaboutwhoweareandhowweseetheworld.”
ProfessorKlausSchwab,FounderandExecutiveChairmanoftheWorldEconomicForum,(p-4)
33
NewInnovationParadigm
Objectives
Openingoftheinnovationprocesstosocietybyco-creation,userinvolvement,empowerment
ofcitizens,andcross-sectorcollaboration
Newdemands,socialneedsand
societalchallenges,socialvaluecreation
Newsocialpractices
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 34
High-TechStrategyFederalGovernment– InnovationsforGermany
„Weemployacomprehensivetermofinnovationwhichcoversnotonlytechnologicalbutalsosocialinnovations,andweincludesocietyasmainactor.“
„Especially,weneedtechnologicalandsocialinnovations leadingtonewservicesfornewmarketsandwhicharecharacterized bysocietal benefit.Servicesrequiredistinctpatternsofinnovation.“
„Socialinnovationscancontributetoovercomingthechallengesofsocietalandregionalchange.“
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 35
Towards an autonomous research field…
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 36
„AtlasofSocialInnovation–NewPracticesforaBetterTomorrow“(D12.6Finalbook)
4MainChapters:
• TheSocialInnovationLandscape–GlobalTrends(20articlesprovidingtheoreticalinsights)
• SocialInnovationinWorldRegions(25articleswitharegionalfocus)
• SocialInnovationin7PolicyFields(8articleswithapolicyfocus)
• FutureChallenges– GlobalTrends(9articlesexploringthefutureofSocialInnovation)
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldtPAGE37
37Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt
PAGE38
Printed Publication &Presentation of Results onwww.socialinnovationatlas.net
• Presentation of theGlobalMappinginanInteractiveMap
• Presentation of theAtlasof SocialInnovation
• Opportunity to Submit aProposal for anArticleor/and aSocialInnovationInitiative
38Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt
WearewitnessingprofoundtransformationsEuropeansocietiesandtheworldofworkwillundergointhecomingdecade.Italsosetsoutanumberof
optionsonhowwecancollectivelyrespond,bybuildingaEuropethatprotects,empowersanddefends.
Therearecountlessapproachesandsuccessfulinitiativesthatillustratethestrengthsandpotentialsofsocialinnovationstocopewiththesechallengesand to openupnewavenuesthatallowpeopletolivearicherandmore
fulfilledhumanlife.
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 39
Prof.Dr.JürgenHowaldt 40
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