TOWARDS A ROBUST METHODOLOGY FOR CBA
BETTINA KOELLE, SHANNON PARRINGINDIGO DEVELOPMENT & CHANGE
CBA5 CONFERENCE – DHAKA 2011
THE CONTEXT• There is increasing pressure to
implement CBA projects
• There is often a lack of capacity to facilitate project design and implementation
• There is a rich pool of resources out there – scattered across DRR, development, project management, PRA, PLA, PGIS…
• We need a concise yet flexible guideline for a CBA methodology
• Including good practice based on old and new learning and experiences
SO, WHAT DOES THIS MEAN?• We need to make an effort to contribute our combined rich
learning of implemented CBA projects
• We must start to reflect on our failures and learn from them
• We need to:
• draw on existing practice• suggest innovative ideas (not just same old)• move fast - to avoid maladaptation• Develop a robust guideline and training for practitioners• a robust definition of CBA (for a minimum standard)• develop (new?) ways of learning and reflection
LIVELIHOOD STRESSES
Economic
situation volatile
Social crises
Climate variability and extremes NRM challeng
es
Rural Livelihoods
• Fluctuating market prices
• Economic instability• Financial instability
• Individual level• Community level• Society level
• Uncertainty• 5-10 year forecasts• conflicting messages
• Ecosystem services• Planning for the
unknown• Access to land
Source: UNEP/GRID–Arendal, 'Climate change: processes, characteristics and threats', designed by Philippe Rekacewicz, UNEP/GRID–Arendal Maps and Graphics Library, 2005, <http://maps.grida.no/go/graphic/climate_change_processes_characteristics_and_threats> (Last accessed 01 August 2010)
Human Activities
Climate change processes
Climate Characteristics
Main threats
SO WHAT DOES THIS MEAN FOR THE FARMERS?
Livelihoods are even more complex (and are increasing in complexity)
Farming might be even less predictable
Dealing with uncertainty for the next 10 years
Re-evaluate livelihood options, positive learning
Using creativity and innovative ideas
Moving forward, active learning and reflection
CHALLENGES OPPORTUNITIES
Feeling overwhelmed, responding as usual, special responses to shocks only
More robust livelihoods, resilient to variety of challenges or shocks
SOME PRINCIPLES
• Careful design of projects
• Inclusive with all stakeholders
• LISTEN well, before planning
• Simple but robust
• Flexible methodology toolkit
• Joint conceptualisation and planning
• Identify possible challenges, anticipate changes
• Establish a baseline together
Address complexity of situation
Recognize individuals in the learning process
work in true partnership in all stages of the project
discuss a positive vision to move towards
Include local and scientific knowledge and synthesize
together consider special vulnerability of groups
DESIGNING A CBA PROJECT…
IMPLEMENTATIONContinuous reflection & adjustment
Learning processes are key – and fun!
Be able to respond to new ideas
Facilitate (don’t dictate) learning processes
Support experimentation and new creative ways of adaptation (by trials and monitoring)
Carry out experiments in partnership
Budget for reflection and re-planning
KEEP LISTENING
Getting into the same boat…
With a positive vision...
Instead of trying to dodge negative impacts…
learning our way towards a positive future.
Thanks to all CBAA partners
and
MechalVolkswagen FoundationHeiveld Co-operative LtdUCTEMGCSIRCCAAIDRCDFID