Resource Recovery from Kitchen Garbage by Using Microbial Fuel
Cell
M. Azizul Moqsud & Kiyoshi Omine
Department of Civil EngineeringKyushu University
Japan
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What is waste?
Waste can be defined as useless, unwanted and discarded materials coming from production and consumption.
Such as kitchen garbage, Bio-degradable municipal waste (BMW), municipal solid waste (MSW) etc.
BMW
MSW
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Solid waste management
has become a serious environmental problem all over the world.
Resource recovery from solid waste and Recycling is considered as a viable management option.
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Recycling is a key component of 3R the "Reduce, Reuse, Recycle" waste hierarchy.
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Characteristics of residential waste:
Developing countries
Industrialized countries
A Large Portion of Total Waste is Biodegradable waste both in Developing and Industrialized countries
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According to Power Ministry, Bangladesh produces up to 4,000MW of electricity
everyday against a minimum daily demand for 6,000MW.
In the rural areas the demand stands at some 2,400 MW per day but the Rural Electrification Board (REB) can supply barely half of that.
In the world, 1.4 to 1.6 billion people according to the U.N. live
without electricity!!
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Energy, in any form, plays the most important role in the modern world. We need energy especially Green electrical energy in our daily needs .
Purpose of study
To develop a Microbial Fuel cell by using the kitchen garbage (KG) for bio-electricity generation
To convert/recycled KG for soil conditioner by Hybrid composting method as a by-product of bio-electricity.
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Microbial Fuel Cells (MFC)
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What is MFC???Microbial fuel cell (MFC)s are bio-
electrochemical devices which convert biomass into electricity through the metabolic activity of the microorganisms.
Living Bacteria generate electricity in the normal course of metabolizing nutrients.
This metabolic process delivers sustainable, renewable, commercially valuable electricity.
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Cathode (carbon fiber)
Anode (carbon fiber)
Schematic diagram of the laboratory test of MFC
Biomass from kitchen garbage
Tester
Resistance
Arcylic container
Paper filter & activated carbon
10 cm
Materials
Materials(Gram)
EM Leaf Mold Kitchen Garbage
Water
Quantity 15 120 120 80
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Methods
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Data captured during Laboratory test
Voltage in every 20 minutesTemperature (Deg. Cel) in every 20
minutes
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At room temperature at 25 Degree Celcius.Total Test Duration 45 days
Peak Voltage (590 mV) reached around 21 days
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0.7
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2009/9/160:00
2009/9/180:00
2009/9/200:00
2009/9/220:00
2009/9/240:00
2009/9/260:00
2009/9/280:00
2009/9/300:00
2009/10/20:00
2009/10/40:00
2009/10/60:00
2009/10/80:00
2009/10/100:00
2009/10/120:00
2009/10/140:00
2009/10/160:00
2009/10/180:00
2009/10/200:00
2009/10/220:00
2009/10/240:00
2009/10/260:00
2009/10/280:00
2009/10/300:00
2009/11/10:00
2009/11/30:00
2009/11/50:00
Duration
Vol
tage
(V
)
Variation of Voltage with duration
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Variation of Power density with duration
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2009/9/1712:00
2009/9/180:00
2009/9/1812:00
2009/9/190:00
2009/9/1912:00
2009/9/200:00
2009/9/2012:00
2009/9/210:00
2009/9/2112:00
2009/9/220:00
2009/9/2212:00
2009/9/230:00
2009/9/2312:00
2009/9/240:00
2009/9/2412:00
2009/9/250:00
2009/9/2512:00
2009/9/260:00
Duration
Pow
er d
ensi
ty (W
/m2)
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Various Parameters showing the performance of MFC
Parameters Value
1 V max (mV) 590
2 Current at V max (mA) 11.56
3 P max (mW) 6.82
4 Power Density (mW/m2) 682
5 Current Density (mA/m2) 1156
N.B: V=I * R, P=V * I,
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Nutrients presence in different samples of compost in in-vessel composting reactor and MFC
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0.4
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0.8
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1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
BD S1J p S2 S3Sample
%
Nitrogen Phosphorus Potassium
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ConclusionsMFC by using Kitchen Garbage is proved to be good way for bio-electricity generation
Sustainable, Renewable, Green energy.
The by-product of the electricity generation by MFC can be used as soil conditioner
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ENVIRONMENTAL AND HEALTHPROBLEMS IN URBAN AREASDUE TO UNMANAGED WASTE
ORGANIC MATTER DEPLETIONIN THE SOIL OF RURAL AREAS
ADDRESSING 3
MAJOR PROBLEMS
• Bio-electricity generation from organic waste • Converting Organic Waste Into Compost • Use of Compost/Enriched Compost in Agriculture
Think globally but act locally and personally to make beautiful world for the future generation…
Thank you so much for your
attention..
17th December 2010