RenaissanceRenaissance
The RenaissanceThe Renaissance
OBJECTIVES
Define Renaissance
Describe factors that led to the Renaissance
Identify the reasons the Renaissance began in Italy
Explain the role of patrons in Renaissance society
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Renaissance
Fr. word meaning REBIRTH Rebirth of what?
classical culture: Greece & Rome What was that?
Focus on human life, learning, reason
1st occurred in Northern Italy about the 15th c. WHY?
The Crusades - Review
What were the effects of the Crusades?
Religious Intolerance Increased Trade Destruction of Byzantine Empire Decline in Pope’s power Decline in Feudal system Revival of Greek Ideas
Black Death Lots of ppl died
Plague killed kings, peasants, townspeople, church officials everyone died
This causes 2 things – Decline in the feudal system – and a rise of towns A focus on human life & living for the moment
Causes of the Renaissance Focus on human life & the present
Focus on the individual
(Black Death) Increased trade
Lead to an increase in money, growth of towns
(Crusades) Fall of Byzantine Empire
Spread Greek scholars throughout Europe
(Crusades) Revival in Greek thinking & art
(Crusades)
Why Italy? Cities (about 100,000 people)
Florence Genoa Venice Rome
Cities of Italy survived the MA - grown into prosperous trade centers.
Cities allowed people to specialize in 1 pursuit – especially art
Allowed merchants in Northern Italy to become very wealthy
Why Italy? Why Italy? WHY ITALY? It’s the rebirth of ROMAN ideas. So why Italy?
Rome is in Italy, there were ruins & reminders of the culture all around
Why Italy? Italy home to the ppl most likely to be patrons
Patron: sponsor of the arts (they gave lots of money to artists)
Who did Italy have that had lots of money? Merchants Pope
Art and Patronage Italians willing to spend a lot of $$ on art.
Art communicated soc., pol., & spiritual values. Italian banking & international trade interests had the
money. Public art in Florence was organized & supported
by merchants.
Therefore, the consumption of art was used as a form of competition for social & political status!
Medici Medici family controlled
banking throughout all Europe
The richest individuals in all Europe
Medicis - not the rulers of Florence. Used wealth & influence to
control gov’t. behind the scenes.
Popes
Popes used church $$$ to rebuild Rome
Commissioned many religious works Sistine Chapel School of Athens
Filippo Brunelleschi Built cathedral dome.
Used unique architectural concepts. Studied the ancient
Pantheon in Rome. Used ribs for support.
Comparing Domes
Other Famous Other Famous DomesDomes Il Duomo St. Peter’s St. Paul’s US capital
(Florence) (Rome) (London) (Washington)
Lorenzo Ghiberti
Goldsmith in Florence His great work, the Doors to
the Baptistery of Florence considered 1st great work of
Renaissance “Gates of Paradise”
- Michelagelo
BELL WORKBELL WORK
In your Reading Packet-In your Reading Packet-
Boys: Read about the Courtly Boys: Read about the Courtly Woman.Woman. List 5 characteristics of the courtly List 5 characteristics of the courtly
womanwoman
Girls: Read about the Courtly ManGirls: Read about the Courtly Man List 5 characteristics of the courtly manList 5 characteristics of the courtly man
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
Explain the 3 main Renaissance valuesExplain the 3 main Renaissance values
Apply them to the artwork of the time Apply them to the artwork of the time periodperiod
Compare to Middle Ages values.Compare to Middle Ages values.
Describe the “ideal” man and woman Describe the “ideal” man and woman of the Renaissanceof the Renaissance
Values and Ideals Values and Ideals that Defined that Defined Renaissance Renaissance
ThoughtThought
25
What Was the What Was the Renaissance?Renaissance?
Ren. time of creativity & change in many Ren. time of creativity & change in many areasareas political, social, economic, and cultural.political, social, economic, and cultural. the way ppl viewed themselves & their world.the way ppl viewed themselves & their world.
Ren. thinkers explored the human Ren. thinkers explored the human experience in the here and now. experience in the here and now. Emphasized individual achievement.Emphasized individual achievement.
Ren. ideal was the person w/talent in many Ren. ideal was the person w/talent in many fields.fields.
1
3 Important Values that set 3 Important Values that set Ren. Thought apart from Ren. Thought apart from
the MAthe MA
HISismsHISismsHumanism: Love of Classical LearningHumanism: Love of Classical Learning
Individualism: Celebration of the Individualism: Celebration of the IndividualIndividual
Secularism: Enjoyment of Worldly Secularism: Enjoyment of Worldly PleasuresPleasures
HumanismHumanism
Humanism-Humanism- study of classical study of classical cultureculture What every educated person What every educated person
should knowshould know Focused: Greco-RomanFocused: Greco-Roman
scholars rejected culture of MAscholars rejected culture of MA
return to Greco-Roman culture return to Greco-Roman culture
All art inspired by Greece & RomeAll art inspired by Greece & Rome Freestanding statuesFreestanding statues
How is this different from the How is this different from the Middle Ages?Middle Ages?
IndividualismIndividualism
Celebration of the individualCelebration of the individual Individuals become more Individuals become more
important than churches, important than churches, guilds, etc.guilds, etc.
Artists wanted to be Artists wanted to be remembered- everyone did!remembered- everyone did!
Biographies & portrait painting Biographies & portrait painting emphasize importance of emphasize importance of
individualsindividuals
How is this diff. from the How is this diff. from the Middle Ages? Middle Ages?
SecularismSecularism Secularism: the belief that Secularism: the belief that
religion should have no part religion should have no part in political /public affairs in political /public affairs
Enjoy worldly Enjoy worldly pleasures/luxuriespleasures/luxuries Clothes, jewels, foodClothes, jewels, food
Art had more earthly subjects
How is this different from the How is this different from the MA?MA?
Ideals for Men and Women Ideals for Men and Women During the RenaissanceDuring the Renaissance
Baldassare Castiglione’s, “The Courtier” Baldassare Castiglione’s, “The Courtier” provided an outline of what was provided an outline of what was considered ‘ideal’ for men/women.considered ‘ideal’ for men/women.
Some Characteristics of the Some Characteristics of the Ideal ManIdeal Man
Expected: well Expected: well educated, especially educated, especially in the classicsin the classics
Charming, Polite & Charming, Polite & Witty…Witty…
Dancing, singing, Dancing, singing, poetry & music poetry & music were all necessitieswere all necessities
Also, being strong & Also, being strong & athletic is importantathletic is important
The Ideal WomanThe Ideal Woman Like men, wmn expected to Like men, wmn expected to
…… Know classical lit.Know classical lit. Play music, dance & be Play music, dance & be
charmingcharming
However, wmn not expected However, wmn not expected to be poets/paintersto be poets/painters Should inspire artShould inspire art Manage house & kidsManage house & kids Not get involved in social Not get involved in social
discussionsdiscussions
The Renaissance “Man”The Renaissance “Man” Broad knowledge about many things in Broad knowledge about many things in
different fields.different fields.
Deep knowledge/skill in one area.Deep knowledge/skill in one area.
Able to link information from different Able to link information from different areas/disciplines & create new areas/disciplines & create new knowledge.knowledge.
The Greek ideal of the “well-rounded The Greek ideal of the “well-rounded man” was at the heart of Ren. edu.man” was at the heart of Ren. edu.
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