RenaissanceRenaissance

The RenaissanceThe Renaissance

OBJECTIVES

Define Renaissance

Describe factors that led to the Renaissance

Identify the reasons the Renaissance began in Italy

Explain the role of patrons in Renaissance society

3

Renaissance

Fr. word meaning REBIRTH Rebirth of what?

classical culture: Greece & Rome What was that?

Focus on human life, learning, reason

1st occurred in Northern Italy about the 15th c. WHY?

The Crusades - Review

What were the effects of the Crusades?

Religious Intolerance Increased Trade Destruction of Byzantine Empire Decline in Pope’s power Decline in Feudal system Revival of Greek Ideas

Black Death Lots of ppl died

Plague killed kings, peasants, townspeople, church officials everyone died

This causes 2 things – Decline in the feudal system – and a rise of towns A focus on human life & living for the moment

Causes of the Renaissance Focus on human life & the present

Focus on the individual

(Black Death) Increased trade

Lead to an increase in money, growth of towns

(Crusades) Fall of Byzantine Empire

Spread Greek scholars throughout Europe

(Crusades) Revival in Greek thinking & art

(Crusades)

Why Italy? Cities (about 100,000 people)

Florence Genoa Venice Rome

Cities of Italy survived the MA - grown into prosperous trade centers.

Cities allowed people to specialize in 1 pursuit – especially art

Allowed merchants in Northern Italy to become very wealthy

Why Italy? Why Italy? WHY ITALY? It’s the rebirth of ROMAN ideas. So why Italy?

Rome is in Italy, there were ruins & reminders of the culture all around

Why Italy? Italy home to the ppl most likely to be patrons

Patron: sponsor of the arts (they gave lots of money to artists)

Who did Italy have that had lots of money? Merchants Pope

Art and Patronage Italians willing to spend a lot of $$ on art.

Art communicated soc., pol., & spiritual values. Italian banking & international trade interests had the

money. Public art in Florence was organized & supported

by merchants.

Therefore, the consumption of art was used as a form of competition for social & political status!

Medici Medici family controlled

banking throughout all Europe

The richest individuals in all Europe

Medicis - not the rulers of Florence. Used wealth & influence to

control gov’t. behind the scenes.

Popes

Popes used church $$$ to rebuild Rome

Commissioned many religious works Sistine Chapel School of Athens

Filippo Brunelleschi Built cathedral dome.

Used unique architectural concepts. Studied the ancient

Pantheon in Rome. Used ribs for support.

Comparing Domes

Other Famous Other Famous DomesDomes Il Duomo St. Peter’s St. Paul’s US capital

(Florence) (Rome) (London) (Washington)

Lorenzo Ghiberti

Goldsmith in Florence His great work, the Doors to

the Baptistery of Florence considered 1st great work of

Renaissance “Gates of Paradise”

- Michelagelo

BELL WORKBELL WORK

In your Reading Packet-In your Reading Packet-

Boys: Read about the Courtly Boys: Read about the Courtly Woman.Woman. List 5 characteristics of the courtly List 5 characteristics of the courtly

womanwoman

Girls: Read about the Courtly ManGirls: Read about the Courtly Man List 5 characteristics of the courtly manList 5 characteristics of the courtly man

OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES

Explain the 3 main Renaissance valuesExplain the 3 main Renaissance values

Apply them to the artwork of the time Apply them to the artwork of the time periodperiod

Compare to Middle Ages values.Compare to Middle Ages values.

Describe the “ideal” man and woman Describe the “ideal” man and woman of the Renaissanceof the Renaissance

Values and Ideals Values and Ideals that Defined that Defined Renaissance Renaissance

ThoughtThought

25

What Was the What Was the Renaissance?Renaissance?

Ren. time of creativity & change in many Ren. time of creativity & change in many areasareas political, social, economic, and cultural.political, social, economic, and cultural. the way ppl viewed themselves & their world.the way ppl viewed themselves & their world.

Ren. thinkers explored the human Ren. thinkers explored the human experience in the here and now. experience in the here and now. Emphasized individual achievement.Emphasized individual achievement.

Ren. ideal was the person w/talent in many Ren. ideal was the person w/talent in many fields.fields.

1

3 Important Values that set 3 Important Values that set Ren. Thought apart from Ren. Thought apart from

the MAthe MA

HISismsHISismsHumanism: Love of Classical LearningHumanism: Love of Classical Learning

Individualism: Celebration of the Individualism: Celebration of the IndividualIndividual

Secularism: Enjoyment of Worldly Secularism: Enjoyment of Worldly PleasuresPleasures

HumanismHumanism

Humanism-Humanism- study of classical study of classical cultureculture What every educated person What every educated person

should knowshould know Focused: Greco-RomanFocused: Greco-Roman

scholars rejected culture of MAscholars rejected culture of MA

return to Greco-Roman culture return to Greco-Roman culture

All art inspired by Greece & RomeAll art inspired by Greece & Rome Freestanding statuesFreestanding statues

How is this different from the How is this different from the Middle Ages?Middle Ages?

IndividualismIndividualism

Celebration of the individualCelebration of the individual Individuals become more Individuals become more

important than churches, important than churches, guilds, etc.guilds, etc.

Artists wanted to be Artists wanted to be remembered- everyone did!remembered- everyone did!

Biographies & portrait painting Biographies & portrait painting emphasize importance of emphasize importance of

individualsindividuals

How is this diff. from the How is this diff. from the Middle Ages? Middle Ages?

SecularismSecularism Secularism: the belief that Secularism: the belief that

religion should have no part religion should have no part in political /public affairs in political /public affairs

Enjoy worldly Enjoy worldly pleasures/luxuriespleasures/luxuries Clothes, jewels, foodClothes, jewels, food

Art had more earthly subjects

How is this different from the How is this different from the MA?MA?

Ideals for Men and Women Ideals for Men and Women During the RenaissanceDuring the Renaissance

Baldassare Castiglione’s, “The Courtier” Baldassare Castiglione’s, “The Courtier” provided an outline of what was provided an outline of what was considered ‘ideal’ for men/women.considered ‘ideal’ for men/women.

Some Characteristics of the Some Characteristics of the Ideal ManIdeal Man

Expected: well Expected: well educated, especially educated, especially in the classicsin the classics

Charming, Polite & Charming, Polite & Witty…Witty…

Dancing, singing, Dancing, singing, poetry & music poetry & music were all necessitieswere all necessities

Also, being strong & Also, being strong & athletic is importantathletic is important

The Ideal WomanThe Ideal Woman Like men, wmn expected to Like men, wmn expected to

…… Know classical lit.Know classical lit. Play music, dance & be Play music, dance & be

charmingcharming

However, wmn not expected However, wmn not expected to be poets/paintersto be poets/painters Should inspire artShould inspire art Manage house & kidsManage house & kids Not get involved in social Not get involved in social

discussionsdiscussions

The Renaissance “Man”The Renaissance “Man” Broad knowledge about many things in Broad knowledge about many things in

different fields.different fields.

Deep knowledge/skill in one area.Deep knowledge/skill in one area.

Able to link information from different Able to link information from different areas/disciplines & create new areas/disciplines & create new knowledge.knowledge.

The Greek ideal of the “well-rounded The Greek ideal of the “well-rounded man” was at the heart of Ren. edu.man” was at the heart of Ren. edu.