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Emergence of REDD+ in Tanzania and
Challenges Ahead
UDOM WEEKLY SEMINAR
Thabit Jacob
Department of Geography & Environmental StudiesUniversity of Dodoma
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Outlineof presentation BackgroundandMethodology
Rationale
Introduction(WhatisREDD+,WhyREDD+andWhyforest)
PotentialforREDD+inTanzania
BackgroundtoREDD+PrograminTanzania
REDD+PilotprojectsinTanzania
OpportunitiesfromREDD+
ChallengeslikelytofaceREDD+ImplementationinTanzania
Conclusion2
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Background to the Presentation This presentation is based on my work with colleagues from
UKZNinSouthAfrica.
The methodology is basedon an extensive literature review and
severalexpert interviews.
Key influential actorsfromREDD+pilot projects, national REDD+
taskforceandtheUN-REDDofficewerecontactedaswell.
MyfieldexperienceinBabati arealso featured
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Rationale for the Presentation
REDD+is in its early stage in Tanzania and there is no clear
understanding among stakeholders
For Tanzanians to benefit from REDD+without jeopardizing local
ownership of resources, we must understand the likely
opportunities and challenges associated with REDD+
Analysis of the potential benefits and challenges related to REDD+
may provide insights of what might work, or not in the Tanzanian
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Introduction: What is REDD+?
REDDstands forreducing emissions from deforestation and forest
degradationplus (+)sustainable management of forest,
conservation and enhancement of forest carbon stocks.
REDD+seeks to reduce emissions from the forest sector in
developing countries
The basic idea behindREDD+is simple: Countries that are willing
and able to reduce emissions from deforestation should be
financially compensatedfor doing so.5Thursday, May 09, 2013
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Why REDD+?
Deforestation and forest degradation is the cause of around 18%-
20% of greenhouse gas emissions responsible for global warming
andClimateChange(IPCC,2007)
REDD+can play a significant role in climate change mitigation and
adaptation, and to generate new financial stream for sustainable
forestmanagement.
MKUHUMI is Swahili for REDD+: Mpango wa Kupunguzauzalishaji wa Hewa ya Ukaa Kutokana na ukataji miti ovyo na
UharibifuwaMisitu6Thursday, May 09, 2013
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GlobalGHG sources by sector
Source, IPCC 20077Thursday, May 09, 2013
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Why Forests?
Forests play an important role in climate change mitigation as
sourcesandsinksof CO2.
Carbon Sources:Forest biomassactsasasourceof carbondioxide
whenburnedorwhenit decays.
Carbon Sinks: Forests absorb CO2 and release oxygen into the
atmosphere through the natural process of photosynthesis in
which CO2 is converted to carbon and stored in the woody tissue
of theplant. 8Thursday, May 09, 2013
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Potential ForREDD+ In Tanzania
Forests and woodland cover about 33.5mill. ha in Tanzania. This is
approximately38%of total landarea.
Annual deforestation in Tanzania is estimated to be 400,000 ha(estimatesrangefrom90,000to500,000ha)peryear.
In addition, forest degradation is widespread, though very little isknownabouttheextent andintensityof degradation.
Some estimates place the annually degraded forest area between400,000to500,000haperyear.
Tanzaniaiscurrentlythetwelfthmost seriousemitter of carbonfromdeforestation and forest degradation among tropical countries andhenceha significantREDD potential
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Deforestation rates 2000-2005
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Background to REDD+Program in Tanzania
Norway Tanzania paternship was lauched in 2008 to facilitate
REDD+READNESSphase
The Readness phase aims at developing demonstrations/pilotsprojects to test the effectiveness of the REDD+mechanism beforeup- scalingit toother partsof thecountry
It expected that experiences from such pilots projects will provideinputstothedevelopment of thenational REDD+framework
Thenational REDD+strategyiscurrentlyadraft (2nd
) document beingreviewedbyvariousstakeholders
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REDD+PILOT PROJECTS IN TANZANIA
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Expected OpportunitiesfromREDD+ REDD+has the potential to deliver large cuts in carbonemissions
at alowcostwithinashort timeframe
Poverty alleviation (carbon credits). This is subject to properbenefit sharing (our track record is very poor)
Improving governance (accountability and transparency inmanagement of REDD+funds)
Conserving biodiversity
Provision of other environmental services, waterquality/regulation and soil conservation among others
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Likely Challenges to faceREDD+in Tanzania
Will REDD+ benefits outweigh
opportunity costs?
Funding!
Payments take time
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Conclusion Tanzania must be cautious with externally driven solutions to
climate change
We should also think of the moral questions: African protectingforests for the benefit of polluters!
Insisting on REDD+without thorough understating of potentialgains is losses could prove so costly for the current and futuregenerations
We should be worried of Climate Colonialism
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Thabit Jacob:
Thank You!
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Thank you
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