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SABIRAN
P 63097
Supervisor : Dr. NORHANA ARSAD
Department of Electric, Electronic and System Engineering,Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment,
The National University of Malaysia.
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OUTLINE Introduction
I. The problem statementII. Objectives
Literature review Methodology
I. Experimental set upII. Data collection plansIII. Proposed analysis of dataIV. Experimental setup
Expected Result
Conclusion In Progress Appendices
I. TimelineII. List of references
III. instruments
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INTRODUCTION Carcinogen is a type of ?? before becomes cancerwhere
the level of nitrite for a cancer patient is higher thannormal person.
Therefore, detection and monitoring of nitrite areimportant as an initial action to make sure this terminaldisease can be treated earlier.
Nitrite is ubiquitous within environmental, food,industrial and physiological system. (Moorcroft et al.
2001) The toxicity of nitrite is primary due to the fact that it can
react with secondary or tertiary amines present in humanbody to form nitrosamines, which are known to be
carcinogens and nitrite can react with iron(III) of
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Figure 1 Salivary concentrations of total nitric oxide (NO),
nitrates (NO3), and nitrites (NO2) in healthy and oralsquamous cell carcinoma (OSCC).Source:Bahar et al 2007, Gokul. 2012
concentration of nitrite in human saliva can be as
biomarker for screening of oral cancer. ()
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I. The problem statementComplicated and larger cell required for nitritedetermination
-fiber optic SMA Z-flow cell can provide simple and lowvolume sample for optical nitrite determination inmedical and life science application.
to design and develop an optical sensor for tracing nitrite. to analyse the fiber optic SMA Z-flow cell for nitrite
determination. to study types of injection effect for optical absorbance. to develop non-invasive method for cancer screening test.
II. Objectives
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LITERATURE REVIEWSpectrophotometry is a quantitative measurement of the reflectionor transmission properties of a material as a function of wavelength
in UV/VIS range. The ratio of the intensity of light entering thesample (I0) to that exiting the sample (I) at a particular wavelengthis defined as the transmittance (T) or (%T), absorbance (A)(Upstone 2006)
The linear relationship betweenconcentration and absorbance is stated
in Beer-Lambert law. Absorptivity (),
Concentration (c) and path lengt (l)
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METHODOLOGY
There are three experimental configurations that
purposed in the research :1. Stopped-flow injection2. Continuous Injection3. Reverse flow injection
1. Stopped Flow Injection
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3. Reverse Flow Injection
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I. Experimental Setup
1. Light source P in
broadband laser LED
3. Z-flow injection Flow rate Temperature Time Colorimetric
Acidiccondition 4. Data acquisitiono P outo Absorbanceo Transmittanceo shiftingo
Attenuation
2. Fiber optics Silica
POF Diameter size Length
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II. Data collection plansData acquisition by using SpectraSuite software,a) Absorbance of allwavelengths for standard solution.
b) Using double beam spectrophotometer.c) Absorbance in every 5 minutes for 50 minutes persample.
d) Absorbance under acidic condition.e) Transmittance value.
f) Absorbance and transmittance under modifiedcolorimetric.
III. Proposed analysis of dataa) Mathematical error analysis for absorbance,
transmittance and concentration.b) Time response analysis.c) Sensitivity analysis.
d) Uncertain analysis.
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EXPECTED RESULT
Simple design of nitrite detection system
Better sensitivity optical nitrite sensor
Low and large volume sample of the sensor
Nitrite sensor in medical application
CONCLUSIONThe goal this study is to investigate of fiber optic SMA Z-flow cell foroptical nitrite sensor to achieve better performance in low volumesample in medical and life science application.This study is to investigate the fiber optic SMA Z-flow cell with
various methods in detecting nitrate for cancer screening application.
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In Progress Nitrite detection for cancer screening application
using spectrophotometric- submitting to Journal ofBiomedical
Study of Nitrite Optical Sensor by Comparinginjection methods for cancer screening application-submitting to
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I. TimelineAPPENDICES
Title:SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC USING FIBER OPTIC SMA Z-FLOW CELL FOR NITRITE DETECTION
No Task
Year 1 (2011/2012) Year 2 (2012/2013)
9 11 1 3 5 7 9 11 1 3 5 7
10 12 2 4 6 8 10 12 2 4 6 8
1Literature review about the theory, types of
nitrite optical sensor2 Define problem statement
3 Design experimental set up
4 Experimental 1 (stopped flow injection)
5
Experimental 2 (Continuous Injection)6 Experimental 3 (Reverse flow injection)
7 Data analysis
8 Writing up the thesis
9 Thesis submission
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II. List of references
Bahar, G., Feinmesser, R., Shpitzer, T., Popovtzer, A. & Nagler, R. M. 2007.Salivary Analysis in Oral Cancer Patients. Cancer 109(1): 54-59.
Burakham, R., Oshima, M., Grudpan, K. & Motomizu, S. 2004. SimpleFlow-Injection System for the Simultaneous Determination of Nitrite andNitrate in Water Samples. Talanta 64(5): 1259-1265.
Gokul, S. 2012. Salivary Diagnostics in Oral Cancer. Dlm. SalivaryDiagnostics in Oral Cancer. http://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancer
Moorcroft, M. J., Davis, J. & Compton, R. G. 2001. Detection andDetermination of Nitrate and Nitrite: A Review. Talanta 54(5): 785-803.
Upstone, S. L. 2006. Ultraviolet/Visible Light AbsorptionSpectrophotometry in Clinical Chemistry. Encyclopedia of AnalyticalChemistry
http://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancerhttp://www.intechopen.com/books/oral-cancer/salivary-diagnostics-in-oral-cancer7/30/2019 Proposal Research Gibran NEWEdited
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