1 19 April 2002
POSSIBLE ELEMENTS FOR POSSIBLE ELEMENTS FOR TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER
NETWORKS AND MATCHING NETWORKS AND MATCHING SYSTEMSSYSTEMS
I.F. VladuI.F. Vladu
Sustainable Development ProgrammeSustainable Development Programme
Technology Sub-programmeTechnology Sub-programme
UNFCCCUNFCCC
Beijing, China
I.F. Vladu 2IAEA
OBJECTIVEOBJECTIVE
Describe some of the work done on a technology Describe some of the work done on a technology transfer network.transfer network.
Present options to use the Internet for establishing Present options to use the Internet for establishing the network.the network.
Describe an peer to peer implementation of the Describe an peer to peer implementation of the networknetwork
Present a prototype used as a proof of conceptsPresent a prototype used as a proof of concepts
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MANDATEMANDATE
The secretariat was requested, inter alia, to: The secretariat was requested, inter alia, to: ““...consult with GEF and other international organizations and ...consult with GEF and other international organizations and
solicit information on their solicit information on their capabilities to support the work of (an) capabilities to support the work of (an) international technology information centre(s) as well as national international technology information centre(s) as well as national and regional centresand regional centres…” (Decision 9/CP.3).…” (Decision 9/CP.3).
““To accelerate its work on the development of a technology To accelerate its work on the development of a technology transfer information clearing house by coordinating with Parties transfer information clearing house by coordinating with Parties and relevant United Nations agencies and other international and relevant United Nations agencies and other international organizations and institutions, and developing options for organizations and institutions, and developing options for implementation, in particular, networking of an international implementation, in particular, networking of an international technology information clearing house under the Convention, and technology information clearing house under the Convention, and enhancement of technology information centres and networksenhancement of technology information centres and networks.” .” (Decision 4/CP.7).(Decision 4/CP.7).
To continue its work on the technology information system,...; and To continue its work on the technology information system,...; and to explore the feasibility of to explore the feasibility of including information on privateincluding information on private and and publicly-owned technologies, joint research and development publicly-owned technologies, joint research and development programmes, examples of success stories and case studies on programmes, examples of success stories and case studies on technology transfer (FCCC/SBSTA/2001/8);technology transfer (FCCC/SBSTA/2001/8);
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TECHICAL PAPER AND NETWORKSTECHICAL PAPER AND NETWORKS
A technology transfer network should targets experts from all of the A technology transfer network should targets experts from all of the stakeholders involved in the technology transfer process.stakeholders involved in the technology transfer process.
Technical paper proposals:Technical paper proposals:
Create a true type network structure (avoid hierarchical structure).Create a true type network structure (avoid hierarchical structure).
Establish focal points andEstablish focal points and sectoral coverage by different international sectoral coverage by different international organizations. Seek their agreement in participating and and formalize the organizations. Seek their agreement in participating and and formalize the cooperation through a letter of understanding.cooperation through a letter of understanding.
Establish a network management mechanismEstablish a network management mechanism..
National TT
Center
National TT
centre
International TT Sectoral
Center
International TT sectoral
centre Regional
TT Center
Regional TT
centre
International TT
Center
International TT
centre
National TT
Center
National TT
centre
National TT
Center
National TT
centre
Clearing house KNOWLEDGEINSTITUTION
GOVERNMENT
AGOVERNMENT
B
FINANCIALINSTITUTION
PRIVATECOMPANY
NGOsNGOsIGOsIGOs
PRIVATECOMPANY
= BARRIER= OPPORTUNITY
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IDENTIFYING EXITING CENTRESIDENTIFYING EXITING CENTRES
Collected data on 67 technology Collected data on 67 technology transfer information centers and 63 transfer information centers and 63 coastal zone centers. Follow-up:coastal zone centers. Follow-up: update information and invite update information and invite
participation in network?participation in network? Discuss institutional arrangements for Discuss institutional arrangements for
centrescentres Explore options for using the Internet Explore options for using the Internet
to establish the network of centresto establish the network of centres
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OPTIONS FOR USING THE INTERNETOPTIONS FOR USING THE INTERNET
1. Client-server1. Client-server
Network applications have been built Network applications have been built primarily hierarchical, following the primarily hierarchical, following the client-server model.client-server model.
Client-server applications once Client-server applications once required homogeneous clientrequired homogeneous client and and server systems and provided limited server systems and provided limited or no interoperability between or no interoperability between applications.applications.
2. Web-based 2. Web-based
The World Wide Web made client-server The World Wide Web made client-server computing commonly available through computing commonly available through the acceptance of a universal client (Web the acceptance of a universal client (Web browser) that uses a standard browser) that uses a standard communication protocol (HTTP), that can communication protocol (HTTP), that can display information described in a display information described in a standard format (HTML).standard format (HTML).
Supports Supports heterogeneous clients and heterogeneous clients and serversservers and connected to a Web server and connected to a Web server with a with a known location and nameknown location and name..
Web Browser
TT:CLEAR
GEF - Project MAP
CADDET
(web, database)
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OPTIONS FOR USING THE INTERNETOPTIONS FOR USING THE INTERNET
3. Peer-to-Peer (P2P)3. Peer-to-Peer (P2P)
Returning to the roots of how the Internet is built, in p2p networks users can Returning to the roots of how the Internet is built, in p2p networks users can interactinteract with each other directly, with each other directly, without involving a Web serverwithout involving a Web server, chat room arbitrator, or , chat room arbitrator, or bulletin board system (doesn’t necessarily require a set of clients and servers in a bulletin board system (doesn’t necessarily require a set of clients and servers in a hierarchical relationship).hierarchical relationship).
Offers an intuitive model for the most fundamental Internet activities: Offers an intuitive model for the most fundamental Internet activities: searchingsearching and and sharing.sharing.
Tomorrow applications can focus on: Tomorrow applications can focus on: instant messaging, resources sharing, P2P instant messaging, resources sharing, P2P searches, matchmaking systemssearches, matchmaking systems (buyers/sellers). (buyers/sellers).
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JXTA – A POSSBILE OPTION FOR TT:NETWORKJXTA – A POSSBILE OPTION FOR TT:NETWORK
What is JXTA? What is JXTA? An open network programming platform for P2P computing.An open network programming platform for P2P computing. A set of protocols for interoperating (XML-based).A set of protocols for interoperating (XML-based). Language and network agnostic technology.Language and network agnostic technology. Virtual network overlay.Virtual network overlay. Fully open source project at http://www.jxta.org.Fully open source project at http://www.jxta.org.
(e.g. JXTA Search)
(e.g. TT:NETWORK)
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POSSIBLE SEARCH ARHITECTURE ON POSSIBLE SEARCH ARHITECTURE ON TT:NETWORKTT:NETWORK
Communication over the Communication over the network is performed via an network is performed via an XML protocol called the XML protocol called the Query Routing Protocol Query Routing Protocol (QRP)(QRP). The QRP defines . The QRP defines mechanisms for sending mechanisms for sending and responding to queries and responding to queries in the JXTA Search in the JXTA Search network, as well as network, as well as mechanisms for mechanisms for defining meta-data defining meta-data for nodes in the for nodes in the network.network.
The network consists of the The network consists of the following participants:following participants: Information Providers.Information Providers. Information Consumers.Information Consumers. Information Hubs.Information Hubs.
Regis
tratio
n Ser
vice
Regis
tratio
n Ser
vice
ResolverResolverResolverResolver
RouterRouterRouterRouter
Hub ServiceHub Service
Consum
er S
ervi
ce
Consum
er S
ervi
ce
Pro
vid
er
Se
rvic
eP
rov
ide
r S
erv
ice
Registration Request Registration Request from Provider to Hubfrom Provider to Hub
Request for Request for Registration FileRegistration File
Response from Response from Provider to HubProvider to Hub
Query from Hub Query from Hub to Providerto Provider
Query from Query from Consumer to HubConsumer to Hub
Response from Response from Hub to ConsumerHub to Consumer
JXTAJXTA
PeerPeer
JXTA
Peer
JXTAJXTA
PeerPeer
JXTAJXTA
PeerPeer
JXTA InputInput Pipe
JXTA Output PipeJXTA Output Pipe
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POSSIBLE SEARCH ARHITECTURE ON POSSIBLE SEARCH ARHITECTURE ON TT:NETWORK (cont.)TT:NETWORK (cont.)
JXT
AJX
TA
Peer
Peer
Consumer
Consumer
Regis
tratio
n
Regis
tratio
n
Pro
vider
Pro
vider
JXTA
Peer
Consumer
Consumer
Reg
istr
atio
n
Reg
istr
atio
n
Provider Provider
JXTA
JXTA
Peer
Peer
Consumer
Reg
istration
Provid
er
JXT
AJX
TA
Pee
rP
eer
Consumer
Registration
Pro
vid
erP
rovi
der
JXTA JXTA
Peer Peer
Consumer
Consumer
Reg
istr
atio
n
Reg
istr
atio
n
Provider Provider
JXTA
JXTA Pee
rP
eer C
on
sum
er
Co
nsu
mer
RegistrationRegistration
Pro
vide
r
Pro
vide
r
JXTA JXTA
Peer Peer
Consumer
Reg
istr
atio
n
Provider
JXTAJXTA
PeerPeer
HubHub
JXTAJXTA
PeerPeer
HubHub
Actors:Actors: Search hubs: IGOs, existing Search hubs: IGOs, existing
regional and national regional and national centerscenters
Consumers: Parties, Consumers: Parties, organization, private organization, private businessesbusinesses
Provides: private Provides: private businesses, knowledge businesses, knowledge institutions, regional and institutions, regional and national centresnational centres
The Benefits of a Distributed The Benefits of a Distributed Approach:Approach: Speed of updateSpeed of update AccessAccess EfficiencyEfficiency
UNFCCC,UNFCCC,
other IGOsother IGOs
Existing Existing regional and regional and
national national centerscenters
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VARIOUS SOFTWARE OPTIONSVARIOUS SOFTWARE OPTIONS
MyJXTAMyJXTAMyJXTAMyJXTA
Shell UserShell UserShell UserShell User
TOMCATTOMCAT
Web Web SearchSearch
Web Web SearchSearch
TOMCATTOMCAT
ResolverResolverResolverResolver
RouterRouterRouterRouter
CONSUMERCONSUMER PROVIDERPROVIDER
Java providerJava providerJava providerJava provider
Web providerWeb providerWeb providerWeb provider
db Adapterdb Adapterdb Adapterdb Adapter
TT
TOMCATTOMCAT
HUBHUB
Pri
va
te b
us
ine
ss
BrowserBrowserBrowserBrowser
So
ftw
are
de
ve
lop
er
Pri
va
te b
us
ine
ss
Ce
nte
r
MyJXTAMyJXTAMyJXTAMyJXTA
Us
er
Ce
nte
rsD
iffe
ren
t a
cto
rs
Ce
nte
rs**
****
****
** Options tested in Options tested in the prototypethe prototype
Example on next Example on next slidesslides
TT
TT
TT
TT
Database or XML file? Database or XML file?
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PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - HUB AND PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - HUB AND INFORMATION PROVIDERINFORMATION PROVIDER
UNFCCC HubUNFCCC Hub Running on the existing Tomcat Running on the existing Tomcat
web server.web server. Two services are implemented on Two services are implemented on
the hub: Router and Resolverthe hub: Router and Resolver
UNFCC Provider UNFCC Provider Implemented as stand alone Java Implemented as stand alone Java
programprogram The provider is accessing The provider is accessing
TT:CLEAR databases to prepare TT:CLEAR databases to prepare answers to queries dispatched to answers to queries dispatched to him by the hubhim by the hub
Developed and tested with China centre Developed and tested with China centre
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PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - CONSUMERPROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - CONSUMER
The consumer was implemented The consumer was implemented using JSPs and servelts and was using JSPs and servelts and was integrated in TT:CLEAR (Network integrated in TT:CLEAR (Network menu)menu)
Clients can customize several search Clients can customize several search papameters such as number of hits papameters such as number of hits per page, number of providers, per page, number of providers, maximum number of results per maximum number of results per provider, etc.provider, etc.
The client’s preferences are stored in The client’s preferences are stored in a local databasea local database
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PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - CONSUMERPROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - CONSUMER
Result of the P2P search Result of the P2P search containing projects from containing projects from TT:CLEAR displayed on the TT:CLEAR displayed on the client.client. XML answer form the provider. XML answer form the provider.
This answer is sent via the hub to This answer is sent via the hub to the clientthe client
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PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - INSTANT PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - INSTANT MESSAGE AND FILE SHARINGMESSAGE AND FILE SHARING
Creation of a separate Creation of a separate peer group for (ttclear)peer group for (ttclear)
Instant message Instant message session in ttclear peer session in ttclear peer group (running under group (running under Linux)Linux)
In addition to In addition to exchanging instant exchanging instant messages, the messages, the application may be application may be used for file sharing used for file sharing and (file) searchingand (file) searching
An efficient tool to An efficient tool to deliver expert advice deliver expert advice form a network of form a network of expertsexperts
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CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS
Development and dissemination of adequate tools Development and dissemination of adequate tools and software will play an important role in enhancing and software will play an important role in enhancing existing technology information centres and in existing technology information centres and in establishing the technology transfer network.establishing the technology transfer network.
P2P networks, such as the one illustrated in this P2P networks, such as the one illustrated in this presentation, may provide a way forward for setting- presentation, may provide a way forward for setting- up an the technology transfer network and for up an the technology transfer network and for involving the private sector in the network.involving the private sector in the network.
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Thank you!
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