1 19 April 2002

POSSIBLE ELEMENTS FOR POSSIBLE ELEMENTS FOR TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER

NETWORKS AND MATCHING NETWORKS AND MATCHING SYSTEMSSYSTEMS

I.F. VladuI.F. Vladu

Sustainable Development ProgrammeSustainable Development Programme

Technology Sub-programmeTechnology Sub-programme

UNFCCCUNFCCC

Beijing, China

I.F. Vladu 2IAEA

OBJECTIVEOBJECTIVE

Describe some of the work done on a technology Describe some of the work done on a technology transfer network.transfer network.

Present options to use the Internet for establishing Present options to use the Internet for establishing the network.the network.

Describe an peer to peer implementation of the Describe an peer to peer implementation of the networknetwork

Present a prototype used as a proof of conceptsPresent a prototype used as a proof of concepts

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MANDATEMANDATE

The secretariat was requested, inter alia, to: The secretariat was requested, inter alia, to: ““...consult with GEF and other international organizations and ...consult with GEF and other international organizations and

solicit information on their solicit information on their capabilities to support the work of (an) capabilities to support the work of (an) international technology information centre(s) as well as national international technology information centre(s) as well as national and regional centresand regional centres…” (Decision 9/CP.3).…” (Decision 9/CP.3).

““To accelerate its work on the development of a technology To accelerate its work on the development of a technology transfer information clearing house by coordinating with Parties transfer information clearing house by coordinating with Parties and relevant United Nations agencies and other international and relevant United Nations agencies and other international organizations and institutions, and developing options for organizations and institutions, and developing options for implementation, in particular, networking of an international implementation, in particular, networking of an international technology information clearing house under the Convention, and technology information clearing house under the Convention, and enhancement of technology information centres and networksenhancement of technology information centres and networks.” .” (Decision 4/CP.7).(Decision 4/CP.7).

To continue its work on the technology information system,...; and To continue its work on the technology information system,...; and to explore the feasibility of to explore the feasibility of including information on privateincluding information on private and and publicly-owned technologies, joint research and development publicly-owned technologies, joint research and development programmes, examples of success stories and case studies on programmes, examples of success stories and case studies on technology transfer (FCCC/SBSTA/2001/8);technology transfer (FCCC/SBSTA/2001/8);

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TECHICAL PAPER AND NETWORKSTECHICAL PAPER AND NETWORKS

A technology transfer network should targets experts from all of the A technology transfer network should targets experts from all of the stakeholders involved in the technology transfer process.stakeholders involved in the technology transfer process.

Technical paper proposals:Technical paper proposals:

Create a true type network structure (avoid hierarchical structure).Create a true type network structure (avoid hierarchical structure).

Establish focal points andEstablish focal points and sectoral coverage by different international sectoral coverage by different international organizations. Seek their agreement in participating and and formalize the organizations. Seek their agreement in participating and and formalize the cooperation through a letter of understanding.cooperation through a letter of understanding.

Establish a network management mechanismEstablish a network management mechanism..

National TT

Center

National TT

centre

International TT Sectoral

Center

International TT sectoral

centre Regional

TT Center

Regional TT

centre

International TT

Center

International TT

centre

National TT

Center

National TT

centre

National TT

Center

National TT

centre

Clearing house KNOWLEDGEINSTITUTION

GOVERNMENT

AGOVERNMENT

B

FINANCIALINSTITUTION

PRIVATECOMPANY

NGOsNGOsIGOsIGOs

PRIVATECOMPANY

= BARRIER= OPPORTUNITY

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IDENTIFYING EXITING CENTRESIDENTIFYING EXITING CENTRES

Collected data on 67 technology Collected data on 67 technology transfer information centers and 63 transfer information centers and 63 coastal zone centers. Follow-up:coastal zone centers. Follow-up: update information and invite update information and invite

participation in network?participation in network? Discuss institutional arrangements for Discuss institutional arrangements for

centrescentres Explore options for using the Internet Explore options for using the Internet

to establish the network of centresto establish the network of centres

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OPTIONS FOR USING THE INTERNETOPTIONS FOR USING THE INTERNET

1. Client-server1. Client-server

Network applications have been built Network applications have been built primarily hierarchical, following the primarily hierarchical, following the client-server model.client-server model.

Client-server applications once Client-server applications once required homogeneous clientrequired homogeneous client and and server systems and provided limited server systems and provided limited or no interoperability between or no interoperability between applications.applications.

2. Web-based 2. Web-based

The World Wide Web made client-server The World Wide Web made client-server computing commonly available through computing commonly available through the acceptance of a universal client (Web the acceptance of a universal client (Web browser) that uses a standard browser) that uses a standard communication protocol (HTTP), that can communication protocol (HTTP), that can display information described in a display information described in a standard format (HTML).standard format (HTML).

Supports Supports heterogeneous clients and heterogeneous clients and serversservers and connected to a Web server and connected to a Web server with a with a known location and nameknown location and name..

Web Browser

TT:CLEAR

GEF - Project MAP

CADDET

(web, database)

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OPTIONS FOR USING THE INTERNETOPTIONS FOR USING THE INTERNET

3. Peer-to-Peer (P2P)3. Peer-to-Peer (P2P)

Returning to the roots of how the Internet is built, in p2p networks users can Returning to the roots of how the Internet is built, in p2p networks users can interactinteract with each other directly, with each other directly, without involving a Web serverwithout involving a Web server, chat room arbitrator, or , chat room arbitrator, or bulletin board system (doesn’t necessarily require a set of clients and servers in a bulletin board system (doesn’t necessarily require a set of clients and servers in a hierarchical relationship).hierarchical relationship).

Offers an intuitive model for the most fundamental Internet activities: Offers an intuitive model for the most fundamental Internet activities: searchingsearching and and sharing.sharing.

Tomorrow applications can focus on: Tomorrow applications can focus on: instant messaging, resources sharing, P2P instant messaging, resources sharing, P2P searches, matchmaking systemssearches, matchmaking systems (buyers/sellers). (buyers/sellers).

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JXTA – A POSSBILE OPTION FOR TT:NETWORKJXTA – A POSSBILE OPTION FOR TT:NETWORK

What is JXTA? What is JXTA? An open network programming platform for P2P computing.An open network programming platform for P2P computing. A set of protocols for interoperating (XML-based).A set of protocols for interoperating (XML-based). Language and network agnostic technology.Language and network agnostic technology. Virtual network overlay.Virtual network overlay. Fully open source project at http://www.jxta.org.Fully open source project at http://www.jxta.org.

(e.g. JXTA Search)

(e.g. TT:NETWORK)

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POSSIBLE SEARCH ARHITECTURE ON POSSIBLE SEARCH ARHITECTURE ON TT:NETWORKTT:NETWORK

Communication over the Communication over the network is performed via an network is performed via an XML protocol called the XML protocol called the Query Routing Protocol Query Routing Protocol (QRP)(QRP). The QRP defines . The QRP defines mechanisms for sending mechanisms for sending and responding to queries and responding to queries in the JXTA Search in the JXTA Search network, as well as network, as well as mechanisms for mechanisms for defining meta-data defining meta-data for nodes in the for nodes in the network.network.

The network consists of the The network consists of the following participants:following participants: Information Providers.Information Providers. Information Consumers.Information Consumers. Information Hubs.Information Hubs.

Regis

tratio

n Ser

vice

Regis

tratio

n Ser

vice

ResolverResolverResolverResolver

RouterRouterRouterRouter

Hub ServiceHub Service

Consum

er S

ervi

ce

Consum

er S

ervi

ce

Pro

vid

er

Se

rvic

eP

rov

ide

r S

erv

ice

Registration Request Registration Request from Provider to Hubfrom Provider to Hub

Request for Request for Registration FileRegistration File

Response from Response from Provider to HubProvider to Hub

Query from Hub Query from Hub to Providerto Provider

Query from Query from Consumer to HubConsumer to Hub

Response from Response from Hub to ConsumerHub to Consumer

JXTAJXTA

PeerPeer

JXTA

Peer

JXTAJXTA

PeerPeer

JXTAJXTA

PeerPeer

JXTA InputInput Pipe

JXTA Output PipeJXTA Output Pipe

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POSSIBLE SEARCH ARHITECTURE ON POSSIBLE SEARCH ARHITECTURE ON TT:NETWORK (cont.)TT:NETWORK (cont.)

JXT

AJX

TA

Peer

Peer

Consumer

Consumer

Regis

tratio

n

Regis

tratio

n

Pro

vider

Pro

vider

JXTA

Peer

Consumer

Consumer

Reg

istr

atio

n

Reg

istr

atio

n

Provider Provider

JXTA

JXTA

Peer

Peer

Consumer

Reg

istration

Provid

er

JXT

AJX

TA

Pee

rP

eer

Consumer

Registration

Pro

vid

erP

rovi

der

JXTA JXTA

Peer Peer

Consumer

Consumer

Reg

istr

atio

n

Reg

istr

atio

n

Provider Provider

JXTA

JXTA Pee

rP

eer C

on

sum

er

Co

nsu

mer

RegistrationRegistration

Pro

vide

r

Pro

vide

r

JXTA JXTA

Peer Peer

Consumer

Reg

istr

atio

n

Provider

JXTAJXTA

PeerPeer

HubHub

JXTAJXTA

PeerPeer

HubHub

Actors:Actors: Search hubs: IGOs, existing Search hubs: IGOs, existing

regional and national regional and national centerscenters

Consumers: Parties, Consumers: Parties, organization, private organization, private businessesbusinesses

Provides: private Provides: private businesses, knowledge businesses, knowledge institutions, regional and institutions, regional and national centresnational centres

The Benefits of a Distributed The Benefits of a Distributed Approach:Approach: Speed of updateSpeed of update AccessAccess EfficiencyEfficiency

UNFCCC,UNFCCC,

other IGOsother IGOs

Existing Existing regional and regional and

national national centerscenters

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VARIOUS SOFTWARE OPTIONSVARIOUS SOFTWARE OPTIONS

MyJXTAMyJXTAMyJXTAMyJXTA

Shell UserShell UserShell UserShell User

TOMCATTOMCAT

Web Web SearchSearch

Web Web SearchSearch

TOMCATTOMCAT

ResolverResolverResolverResolver

RouterRouterRouterRouter

CONSUMERCONSUMER PROVIDERPROVIDER

Java providerJava providerJava providerJava provider

Web providerWeb providerWeb providerWeb provider

db Adapterdb Adapterdb Adapterdb Adapter

TT

TOMCATTOMCAT

HUBHUB

Pri

va

te b

us

ine

ss

BrowserBrowserBrowserBrowser

So

ftw

are

de

ve

lop

er

Pri

va

te b

us

ine

ss

Ce

nte

r

MyJXTAMyJXTAMyJXTAMyJXTA

Us

er

Ce

nte

rsD

iffe

ren

t a

cto

rs

Ce

nte

rs**

****

****

** Options tested in Options tested in the prototypethe prototype

Example on next Example on next slidesslides

TT

TT

TT

TT

Database or XML file? Database or XML file?

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PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - HUB AND PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - HUB AND INFORMATION PROVIDERINFORMATION PROVIDER

UNFCCC HubUNFCCC Hub Running on the existing Tomcat Running on the existing Tomcat

web server.web server. Two services are implemented on Two services are implemented on

the hub: Router and Resolverthe hub: Router and Resolver

UNFCC Provider UNFCC Provider Implemented as stand alone Java Implemented as stand alone Java

programprogram The provider is accessing The provider is accessing

TT:CLEAR databases to prepare TT:CLEAR databases to prepare answers to queries dispatched to answers to queries dispatched to him by the hubhim by the hub

Developed and tested with China centre Developed and tested with China centre

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PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - CONSUMERPROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - CONSUMER

The consumer was implemented The consumer was implemented using JSPs and servelts and was using JSPs and servelts and was integrated in TT:CLEAR (Network integrated in TT:CLEAR (Network menu)menu)

Clients can customize several search Clients can customize several search papameters such as number of hits papameters such as number of hits per page, number of providers, per page, number of providers, maximum number of results per maximum number of results per provider, etc.provider, etc.

The client’s preferences are stored in The client’s preferences are stored in a local databasea local database

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PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - CONSUMERPROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - CONSUMER

Result of the P2P search Result of the P2P search containing projects from containing projects from TT:CLEAR displayed on the TT:CLEAR displayed on the client.client. XML answer form the provider. XML answer form the provider.

This answer is sent via the hub to This answer is sent via the hub to the clientthe client

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PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - INSTANT PROTOTYPE IMPLEMENTATION - INSTANT MESSAGE AND FILE SHARINGMESSAGE AND FILE SHARING

Creation of a separate Creation of a separate peer group for (ttclear)peer group for (ttclear)

Instant message Instant message session in ttclear peer session in ttclear peer group (running under group (running under Linux)Linux)

In addition to In addition to exchanging instant exchanging instant messages, the messages, the application may be application may be used for file sharing used for file sharing and (file) searchingand (file) searching

An efficient tool to An efficient tool to deliver expert advice deliver expert advice form a network of form a network of expertsexperts

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CONCLUSIONSCONCLUSIONS

Development and dissemination of adequate tools Development and dissemination of adequate tools and software will play an important role in enhancing and software will play an important role in enhancing existing technology information centres and in existing technology information centres and in establishing the technology transfer network.establishing the technology transfer network.

P2P networks, such as the one illustrated in this P2P networks, such as the one illustrated in this presentation, may provide a way forward for setting- presentation, may provide a way forward for setting- up an the technology transfer network and for up an the technology transfer network and for involving the private sector in the network.involving the private sector in the network.

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Thank you!