i
THE INDONESIAN TRANSLATION OF TEA AND JUICEDRINKS LABELS: A STUDY ON THE ACCURACY,
READABILITY AND STRATEGIES APPLIED
AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirementsfor the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
In English Letters
By
ALBERTUS ABI GALIH PRATAMA
Student Number: 104214033
ENGLISH LETERS STUDY PROGRAMDEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS
FACULTY OF LETTERSSANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY
YOGYAKARTA2015
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AN UNDERGRADUATE THESIS
Presented as Partial Fulfillment of the Requirementsfor the Degree of Sarjana Sastra
In English Letters
By
ALBERTUS ABI GALIH PRATAMA
Student Number: 104214033
ENGLISH LETERS STUDY PROGRAMDEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH LETTERS
FACULTY OF LETTERSSANATA DHARMA UNIVERSITY
YOGYAKARTA2015
THE INDONESIAN TRANSLATION OF TEA AND JUICEDRINKS LABELS: A STUDY ON THE ACCURACY,
READABILITY AND STRATEGIES APPLIED
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A Sarjana Sastra Undergraduate Thesis
THE INDONESIAN TRANSLATION OF TEA AND JUICEDRINKS LABELS: A STUDY ON THE ACCURACY,
READABILITY AND STRATEGIES APPLIED
ByALBERTUS ABI GALIH PRATAMA
Student Number: 104214033
Approved by
Harris Hermansyah Setiajid, S.S., M.Hum. April 28, 2015Advisor
Adventina Putranti, S.S., M.Hum. April 28, 2015Co-Advisor
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A Sarjana Sastra Undergraduate Thesis
THE INDONESIAN TRANSLATION OF TEA AND JUICEDRINKS LABELS: A STUDY ON THE ACCURACY,
READABILITY AND STRATEGIES APPLIED
By
ALBERTUS ABI GALIH PRATAMAStudent Number: 104214033
Defended before the Board of Examinerson May 12, 2015
and Declared Acceptable
BOARD OF EXAMINERS
Name Signature
Chairperson : Dr. F. X. Siswadi, M.A. __________________
Secretary : Dra. A. B. Sri Mulyani, M.A., Ph.D __________________
Member 1. : Dr. Fr. B. Alip, M.Pd., M.A. __________________
Member 2. : Harris H. Setiajid, S.S., M.Hum. __________________
Member 3. : Adventina Putranti, S.S., M.Hum. __________________
Yogyakarta, May 29, 2015
Faculty of Letters
Sanata Dharma University
Dean
Dr. F. X. Siswadi, M.A.
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STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY
I certify that this undergraduate thesis contains no material which has been
previously submitted for the award of any other degree at any university, and that,
to the best of my knowledge, this undergraduate thesis contains no material
previously written by any other person except where due reference is made in the
text of the undergraduate thesis.
Yogyakarta, 28 April, 2015
Albertus Abi Galih Pratama
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LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAHUNTUK KEPENTINGAN AKADEMIS
Yang bertanda tangan di bawah ini, saya mahasiswa Universitas Sanata Dharma
Nama : Albertus Abi Galih PratamaNomor Mahasiswa : 104214033
Demi pengembangan ilmu pengetahuan, saya memberikan kepada PerpustakaanUniversitas Sanata Dharma karya ilmiah saya yang berjudul
THE INDONESIAN TRANSLATION OF TEA AND JUICEDRINKS LABELS: A STUDY ON THE ACCURACY,
READABILITY AND STRATEGIES APPLIED
beserta perangkat yang diperlukan (bila ada). Dengan demikian saya memberikankepada Perpustakaan Universitas Sanata Dharma hak untuk menyimpan,mengalihkan dalam bentuk media lain, mengelolanya dalam bentuk pangkalandata, mendistribusikan secara terbatas, dan mempublikasikannya di internet ataumedia lain untuk kepentingan akademis tanpa perlu meminta ijin kepada sayamaupun memberikan royalti kepada saya selama tetap mencatumkan nama sayasebagai penulis.
Demikian pernyataan ini saya buat dengan sebenarnya.
Dibuat di YogyakartaPada tanggal 28 April 2015
Yang menyatakan,
Albertus Abi Galih Pratama
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Act scream louder than words!Albertus Abi Galih Pratama
We all lose someone at some point in our lives,But don't ever let go of that smile.
Hold on forever,Because that's our final dedication.
Asking Alexandria – Dedication song lyrics
I am a type of person… if you ask a question, and Idon’t know the answer…I’m gonna tell you that I don’t
know. But I bet you what. I know how to find theanswer, and I will find the answer.
Chris Gardner - The Pursuit of Happiness
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This page dedicated for . . .
My Savior JesusChristAnd
My Beloved Parentsas spirits of my life \m/
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ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
I present my gratitude and thankful for Jesus Christ for His blessing in every
step that I have been through and everyone who has helped and supported me to
finish my study in English Letters. I would like to say thank you to Harris
Hermansyah Setiajid, S.S., M. Hum., for to be my guidance and advisor so I can
accomplish my study well. I also thank to my co-advisor of my undergraduate
thesis, Adventina Putranti, S.S., M. Hum., for her advices and lessons. For all
my lecturers and staffs of English Letters Department that helped me during the
process until I finished. I also thank to the important part of this study, who all
people that have been kindly to be my respondents that I cannot mention one by
one. Thank you so much.
All of this, I give the special thanks to my beloved parents, Paschalia
Indrasti Kuswijayanti and Silverius Bambang Suhartoyo that always support,
trust, love, and pray for my study at this university. I thank my sister Brigita Eva
Puspita Cahyani that always cheers me up when I am down. Many thanks also I
and Rengganis that always support me and make me to go ahead when faced
every problem during the undergraduate thesis writing. Everyone else that I
cannot be mentioned here one by one. Thank you for a good time and a bad time,
to make me to be what I am now, to keep me struggle even though it seems hard
somehow.
Albertus Abi Galih Pratama
give to my beloved friends, Domas, Tika, Rizky, Icha, Dita, Yasmine, Hengky
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
TITLE PAGE ................................................................................................ ii
APPROVAL PAGE ...................................................................................... iii
ACCEPTANCE PAGE ................................................................................. iv
LEMBAR PERNYATAAN PERSETUJUAN
PUBLIKASI KARYA ILMIAH ....................................................................... v
STATEMENT OF ORIGINALITY ............................................................ vi
MOTTO PAGE ............................................................................................. vii
DEDICATION PAGE ................................................................................... viii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................... ix
TABLE OF CONTENTS .............................................................................. x
LIST OF TABLES ........................................................................................ xiii
LIST OF PRODUCTS ABBREVIATIONS ............................................... xiv
ABSTRACT ................................................................................................... xv
ABSTRAK ....................................................................................................... xvi
CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION .............................................................. 1
A. Background of the Study .................................................................... 1
B. Problem Formulation .......................................................................... 4
C. Objectives of the Study ...................................................................... 4
D. Definition of Terms ............................................................................ 5
CHAPTER II : THEORITICAL REVIEW .............................................. 7
A. Review of Related Studies ................................................................. 7
B. Review of Related Theories ............................................................... 9
1. Theory of Translation Process ..................................................... 9
2. Accuracy Theory .......................................................................... 10
3. Translation Readability ................................................................ 11
4. Translation Strategies ................................................................... 12
C. Theoretical Framework ...................................................................... 18
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CHAPTER III : METHODOLOGY .......................................................... 19
A. Area of Research ................................................................................ 19
B. Object of the Study ............................................................................. 19
C. Method of the Study .......................................................................... 20
D. Research Procedure ........................................................................... 20
1. Types of Data ............................................................................... 20
2. Data Collection ............................................................................. 21
3. Population and Samples ................................................................ 23
4. Data Analysis ................................................................................ 23
CHAPTER IV : ANALYSIS RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS ............... 28
A. The Accuracy of Translation................................................................ 28
1. Accurate ....................................................................................... 29
2. Quite Accurate ............................................................................. 31
3. Inaccurate ..................................................................................... 33
B. Translation Readability ...................................................................... 37
1. Readable ....................................................................................... 37
2. Quite Readable ............................................................................. 40
C. Translation Strategies and Its Application on the Drinks Labels ........ 46
1. Addition ....................................................................................... 46
2. Substraction .................................................................................. 46
3. Transposition ................................................................................ 47
4. Borrowing .................................................................................... 47
a. Transliteration ........................................................................ 48
b. Naturalization ......................................................................... 48
5. Synonym ...................................................................................... 48
6. Reduction and Expansion ............................................................. 50
7. Addition ........................................................................................ 50
8. Omission ....................................................................................... 50
CHAPTER V : CONCLUSION .................................................................. 54
BIBLIOGRAPHY ........................................................................................ 56
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APPENDICES .............................................................................................. 57
Appendix 1: Data of Imported Beverage Product Data ........................... 57
Appendix 2: Accuracy Questionnaire .................................................... 59
Appendix 3: Readability Questionnaire ................................................. 61
Appendix 4: Pictures of Imported Beverage Product Data .................... 63
Appendix 5: The Result of Accuracy, Readability and Translation
Strategies Applied ................................................................................... 65
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LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Nababan’s Accuracy Rating Instrument ....................................................
Table 2. Accuracy's Score Category ........................................................................
Table 3. Nababan’s Readability Rating Instrument ...............................................
Table 4. Readability's Score Category ...................................................................
Table 5. Example of the data code .........................................................................
Table 6. The relation between Accuracy and the Readability ................................
Table 7. The Strategies Applied in the Drinks Labels ...........................................
11
11
12
12
21
44
52
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LIST OF PRODUCT ABBREVIATIONS
DL : Dewlands
DJ : Diamond Juice
FT : FresTea
GT : Green Tea
JF : Jefi
JJ : Jungle Juice
MM : Minute Maid Pulpy
NJ : Nu Juv
NB : Nutriboost
OS : Ocean Spray
PK : Pokka
TTJ : Tropicana Twister Juice
YC : You-C 1000
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ABSTRACT
PRATAMA, ALBERTUS ABI GALIH. The Indonesian Translation of Teaand Juice Drinks Labels: A Study on the Accuracy, Readability andStrategies Applied. Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty ofLetters, Sanata Dharma University. 2015.
This undergraduate thesis concerns the translation in the drinks labels. This studyrelated with the accuracy, strategy and readability. In some cases, language alsoneeds translation to help the reader understand the messages. Actually theinformation from this translation of drinks label is important, because theinformation about these products should be accurate and well-informed to thetarget language. Another strong reason, these products are accessible by manypeople and everyone would need a drink for their daily needs. As the result, thetranslation quality in terms of accuracy, readability and strategy is the importantaspect how the language is translated and helps the reader understand themessages what is officially stamped in the drinks labels.
There are three problems that were analyzed in this thesis. The first this study triesto find out the accuracy of the translation from English to Indonesia in Tea andJuice drinks labels. Second, it is how readability may affect on this translationstudy from the drinks labels. The third, this study analyzes the what translationstrategies applied by the translator when translate tea and juice drinks labels inorder the translation can fulfill the message from the source language.
The field research is used to measure the accuracy and readability of thetranslations drinks labels. This study engages 13 respondents. They are threerespondents are obtained from a linguistic expert and professional translators. Tenrespondents were chosen randomly because these products were consumed by anypeople of variant backgrounds.
As the result of this research, based on Accuracy rating theory from Nababan(2004: 61), the writer finds that the translation from total 22 data in Tea and Juicedrinks labels are accurate. It is due to the total of average scores of (1.4). Inreadability is found that the data of this study are readable. It is due to the total ofaverage scores of (1.5) from data translation. Furthermore, the last result nine offifteen translation strategies by Suryawinata are used to overcome the dataproblem in this translation. Next, the strategy that has been used frequently isTransposition strategy (16). As scientific reason, the result of the accuracy andreadability can be determined by the strategies applied in the translation.
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ABSTRAK
PRATAMA, ALBERTUS ABI GALIH. The Indonesian Translation of Teaand Juice Drinks Labels: A Study on the Accuracy, Readability andStrategies Applied.Yogyakarta: Department of English Letters, Faculty ofLetters, Sanata Dharma University. 2015.
Dalam skripsi ini membahas mengenai terjemahan dalam label minuman. Dataskripsi ini dititikberatkan pada keakuratan, keterbacaan, dan strategi dalamfenomena tersebut. Dalam beberapa hal bahasa perlu diterjemahkan untukmembantu pembaca mengerti pesan yang terkandung didalamnya. Sesungguhnyainformasi dalam label minuman itu penting karena informasi dalam produkminuman ini harus akurat dan memberi cukup informasi pada bahasa tujuan.Alasan cukup kuat lainnya adalah produk ini sebenarnya juga mudah diakses olehbanyak orang dan semua orang membutuhkan minum untuk mencukupikebutuhan sehari-harinya. Hasilnya, bisa dilihat dari kualitas terjemahan dalamaspek keakuratan, keterbacaan dan strategi tersebut merupakan aspek pentingbagaimana bahasa itu diterjemahkan dan membantu pembaca mengerti makna dariapa yang sebenarnya tertera secara resmi dalam label minuman.
Dalam kasus ini ada tiga masalah yang diteliti dalam skripsi ini. Pertama – tamaskripsi ini mencoba mencari tingkat keakuratan terjemahan dari bahasa Inggris keIndonesia dalam label minuman teh dan jus. Permasalahan kedua tentangbagaimana keterbacaan berpengaruh dalam terjemahan label minuman tersebut.Selanjutnya permasalahan ketiga menganalisis apa saja strategi yang diterapkanoleh penerjemah dalam menerjemahkan kasus ini, sehingga terjemahan tersebutbisa memenuhi makna dari bahasa sumber.
Studi lapangan digunakan untuk meninjau keakuratan dan keterbacaan teksterjemahan label minuman. Penelitian ini melibatkan 13 responden. tigaresponden ditujukan untuk seorang ahli bahasa dan dua ahli penerjemah. Sepuluhresponden dipilih secara acak karena produk ini dikonsumsi oleh orang – orangdari berbagi macam latar belakang.
Hasil dari penelitian ini berdarsarkan indikator keakuratan dari Nababan(2004:61), peneliti menemukan bahwa terjemahan dari total 22 data dalam labelminuman teh dan jus adalah akurat. Dilihat dari hasil total rata-rata skor adalah(1.4). Dalam perumusan masalah dalam keterbacaan, ditemukan bahwa target teksterbaca. Yakni dari total rata- rata skor adalah (1.5) dari terjemahan ini. Lebihlanjutnya, sembilan dari lima belas strategi dalam teori oleh Suryawinatadigunakan untuk menerjemahkan masalah dalam terjemahan ini. Hasil ini bisadilihat dari strategi yang paling sering digunakan adalah transposisi (16).Berdasarkan alasan ilmiah, hasil dari keakuratan dan keterbacaan bisa ditentukandari strategi yang digunakan dalam terjemahan tersebut.
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A. Background of the Study
Translation can be an instrument of language that can help human to
understand other languages by transferring the messages from the source of
language to the target of language. That is why somehow language also needs
translation to help the reader understand about the messages. It is an interesting
source text to discuss this topic because it may give a substantial contribution in
the linguistic research.
In this topic the researcher analyzes the accuracy and readability from
Source Language (SL) into the Target Language (TL) in the scope of Labels: tea
and juice drinks. In other words, meaning that exists in SL (Source Language)
must have the closest meaning with the TL (Target Language. Besides, the
researcher wants to see whether this object has different application in terms of
strategy that may be applied in the Target Language (TL). Therefore, as stated, the
meaning becomes the important one in the language, whether in a sentence or a
phrase.
According to the book The Theory and Practice of Translation, Nida and
Taber (1974) said as follows in:
Translating consists in reproducing in the receptor language the closestnatural equivalent of the source-language message, first in terms ofmeaning and secondly in the terms of style. (Nida and Taber, 1974: 12)
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Consider from that explanation above, the meaning always comes first
before the style of language. Therefore, to make the explanation becomes clear,
the difficulties faced on this translation of drinks labels, some samples are
presented here from data number 31 in JenFood Beverage.
31/Source Text/JF Peach drink with pulp
31/Target Text/JF Minuman Sari buah persik
The translation, in fact, carries the ambiguity of the Target Text, because
the text loses the message of with pulp. The meaning of Source Text is really
different from the Target Text. However, it needs to be considered that the term of
pulp itself only can be used for orange fruit. As said in (Echols and Shadily,
Kamus Inggris Indonesia, 1988: 456) that the meaning of pulp is daging buah
(orange). In here, the translator also added the word sari buah into Target Text.
As the result, although the respondent considered this as inaccurate translation, it
is fine that omitted the word with pulp from Source Text. Furthermore, according
to expert respondent, to make the sentence clear and well transferred it can be
translated into Minuman rasa buah persik. In the explanation of the strategy of the
translation, it is shown below from data number 25 in NutriJuice Beverage.
25/ Source Text /NJ Orange Citroen Juice Drink
25/ Target Text /NJ Minuman Sari Buah Jeruk
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From that result above 25/TT/NJ has lost the main meaning from the word
“Orange Citroen” to be Buah Jeruk. A strategy that researcher can be analyzed,
the translator was using “omission” strategy that made the important meaning
from Source Text 25/ST/NJ not fully transferred to the Target Text 25/TT/NJ. As
can be seen in here, word Citroen is omitted by the translator. One of the
respondents considers that the word of Orange Citroen should be translated into
Jeruk Sitrun to get specific and the original meaning from Source Text, because
there are so many types of orange fruit. Furthermore, as researcher’s opinion
based on Suryawinata and Hariyanto translation strategy theory that were related
to the accuracy.
As we can see from the above of phenomena, why the translations in this
case are important, because the information about these products should be
accurate and well-informed to the target language. Another strong reason, these
products are accessible by many people and everyone would need a drink for their
daily needs.
As the result, the information about these products should be accurate and
well-informed to the target language. Talking about delivering a message, the
accuracy of translation is important in order to make the consumer understand
what information officially stamped on the products. Thus, as already stated about
the messages of translation, related to the definition by Nida and Taber as is
follow:
Translating must aim primarily at “the reproducing the message.” To doanything else is essentially false to one’s task as a translator.(Nida and Taber, 1974: 12)
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This study is going to analyze the phrases or sentences that have been
found in the drink’s labels as an object of this study are accurate or not and can
maintain the readability or not for the all of the consumer or reader. The study
also considers that it is also important to analyze and focus on the strategy applied
by the translator’s drinks label as the messages on the label is really important
what is actually contains in the products.
B. Problem Formulation
1. How is the accuracy of the Indonesia translation of tea and juice drinks
labels?
2. How is the readability of the translation of tea and juice drinks labels?
3. What are the strategies applied in the translation of tea and juice drinks
labels?
C. Objectives of the Study
There are three objectives of this study. First, this study aims to find out
how accurate the translation from English to Indonesian in the drinks labels. This
is to answer the first problem in this study. Second, is to find out how the
translations of this study readable or not.
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To answer the third problem, the researcher tries to find out what the
strategies of translation applied in this translation that are related to the accuracy
and readability based on the strategies that have been applied from the original
translator in tea and juice drinks labels.
D. Definitions of Terms
To avoid misunderstanding with these several terms, the researcher feels
that it is necessary to give further explanation on definitions of terms in this study,
there are:
Accuracy, can only be rightly determined by judging the extent to which
the response of the receptor is substantially equivalent to the response of the
original receptors (Nida, 1974: 28).
Readability, according to Richards and Richard (1985: 238) defines
readability is how easily written materials can be read and understood. Another
proposed by Sakri is as follows:
Readability represents the degrees of easiness of a writing to comprehendWritings with high readability are far easier to comprehend rather than thelow ones. In a contrast, writings with low readability are more difficult toread (Sakri, 1994: 165, translated)
Strategy of Translation, according to Campbell (1998:7) as tricks in
translation including realizing a translational problem, monitoring of SL or TL
text segments, rephrasing of TL text segments, and others.
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In other words, readability in translation is how communicative or easy to
understand a particular transferred text is, both in term of its contents and forms so
that the target readers can get the same meaning to those of the source readers.
Another proposed by Suryawinata define strategy: is a tactic of translator
for translating words, phrases, or a sentence (Suryawinata, 2003: 67).
Label, according to Kotler and Keller (2006:366) a tag attached to the
product or an elaborately designed graphic that is part of the package. The label
might carry only the brand name or great deal of information. Even if the seller
prefers a simple label, the law may require additional information.
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CHAPTER II
THEORITICAL REVIEW
In this chapter the researcher divided the part to review related studies
previously done by other researchers on the same topic or maybe an author. In this
part the researcher of this undergraduate thesis will show what study is related
with the researcher’s topic. As the result, at the end of this part the researcher
shows the position of his undergraduate thesis, whether it’s developed other
studies and discover the new research study. At the last, this study shows how the
researcher’s undergraduate thesis is different with the others.
A. Review of Related Studies
Susanti, (2012) in her undergraduate thesis “Translation Accuracy based
on the Translation Strategies in Translating Names and Terms Related to Plant in
Andrea Hirata’s Laskar Pelangi into The Rainbow Troops.” Her research
discusses the translation strategies and the accuracy of the translation. On her
undergraduate thesis found out that objects were translated by using particular
translation strategies in order to help the translator to deliver the message of the
original text. However, the translation accuracy is also important so that the
message of the story is understood by the target reader (Susanti, 2012, xi).
There are two problems that Susanti’s analyzed in her under undergraduate
thesis. The first problem is what the translation strategies applied in translating
names and terms of plant found in the novel. The second is how accurate the
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translation of the names and terms related to plants found in novel based on the
translation strategies applied on them.
Lengari, (2012) in her undergraduate thesis “The accuracy, Acceptability,
and Translation Strategies of Indonesian Metaphors Translation in Twilight.” In
her research found out the accuracy and the acceptability category. The indicator
that is used in the questionnaire is Nababan’s accuracy and acceptability category.
The library research was used to obtain more information about theories and other
concepts to support her study. And the result of her analysis throughout
questionnaire according Nababan’s theory is 1.9 out of 4 which means quite
accurate.
Further, from the all information above, it is known that previous studies
focus on translation strategies that occurred in names and terms of translation in
the novel. Contrasted to the others research of studies, Yoana’s can be rather
completed using accuracy and acceptability to overcome her problems.
Furthermore, this undergraduate thesis will make new research in the different
field that really contrasts with the others studies above. If the other studies
concerned in the literary work such as a novel to be the data, present researcher
will analyze on the field of drinks labels that might be new and rare in this
translation field.
Moreover, the research of this study tries to test how accurate, readable and what
strategies were applied to the translation of drinks labels.
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B. Review of Related Theories
1. Theory of translation process
Bell in his book Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice
(1997:5) defines translation as the expression in the target language of what has
been expressed in the source language, preserving semantics and stylistics
equivalence. It is the replacement of a text in one language by a representation of
an equivalent text in a second language. Translation transfers sentences from a
source language into the target language. The Target language should have the
same meaning with the source language so that it does not lead to
misunderstanding.
Nida and Taber in their book The Theory and Practice of Translation
(1974:12) describe translation as the reproduction in the receptor language the
closest natural equivalent of the source message, first in terms of meaning, and
secondly in terms of style. The meaning of the target language should be the same
with the source language. In this method, Nida and Taber (1969: 33) show the
process of translation that is called Dynamic translation.
Based on their theories, translation consists of a more elaborate procedure
compromising three stages:
(1) Analysis, in which the surface structure is analyzed in terms of (a)
grammatical relationships and (b) the meanings of the words and combinations of
the words,
(2) Transfer, in which the analyzed material is transferred in the mind of translator
from the language A to language B, and
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(3) Restructuring, in which the translated material is restructured in order to make
the final message fully acceptable in the receptor language.
This approach may be diagrammed as in:
A (Source) B (Receptor)
(Analysis) (Restructuring)
X (Transfer) Y
2. Accuracy theory
Accuracy according to Nababan is the accuracy of the translation related to
how far the content of the source text can be delivered correctly into target
language. It is shown that the basic principle of translation’s accuracy is the
similarity of meaning in target text and source text. According to Nababan (2004:
61) in “Strategi Penilaian Kualitas Terjemahan” in Jurnal Linguistik Bahasa there
are indicators of accuracy assessment that is used.
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Table Accuracy Indicator
Table 1. Nababan’s Accuracy Rating Instrument (modified and translated)Score Accuracy Category Explanation
1 Accurate The content of the Source Text is conveyedaccurately to the Target Text. The sentencescan be understood clearly and did not createambiguity.
2 Quite Accurate The content of Source Text conveyed lessaccurately to the Target Text. That may createambiguous meaning. Indicated by a literaltranslation.
3 Not Accurate The content of the ST is translated incorrectlyto the Target Text.
Table 2. Accuracy's Score Category
Score Range Category1 1 - 1.6 Accurate2 1.7 - 2.3 Quite Accurate3 2.4 - 3 Not Accurate
The score 1 - 1.6 indicates that the translation categorized as conveyed
accurately, the score 1.7 - 2.3 means that the target language categorized as quite
accurate and the score 2.4 – 3 indicates that the translation categorized as
inaccurate.
3. Translation Readability
A part from accuracy, a transferred material text has to fulfill the clarity so
that what is written can be easily comprehended. Because of that, to conduct a test
for readability, the researcher asks some respondents of the target readers to read
the translation products and decide whether they are easy or hard to be
understood.
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In testing to the readability, the study uses the ‘readability-rating instrument’
from Nababan (2004:61) that are modification of Nababan’s accuracy-rating
instrument. As is follows below:
Table 3. Nababan’s Readability Rating Instrument (translated and modified)Score Readability Indicator1 Text is easy to read and can be understood clearly by the readers.
2 Text is not easy to be understood and may create ambiguous meaning.
3 Text cannot be understood by the readers.
From this theory, this is table how to calculate the average score to measure
the translation in terms of readability from Nababan with modification.
Table 4. Readability's Score Category
Score Range Category1 1 - 1.6 Readable2 1.7 - 2.3 Quite Readable3 2.4 - 3 Not Readable
This score category is from the totaling the score in each data divided by the
total of the respondents. The score 1 - 1.6 indicates that the translation categorized
as readable text, the score 1.7 - 2.3 means that the target language categorized as
quite readable text and the score 2.4 - 3 indicates that the translation categorized
as not readable.
4. Translation Strategies
Suryawinata and Hariyanto divide the translation strategy into two main
types. They are structural strategy, a strategy related with sentence structure, and
semantic structure, a strategy related with word meaning (2003: 6).
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In the process of translation, the exact meaning of sentences, idioms, and phrases
must be discovered. This process is regarded as the problems of translation.
Thus, the translator should pay attention with his/her translation strategy which
can help the translator to translate the language into another language. Translation
strategy as a tactic of translator for translating words, phrases, or a sentence
(Suryawinata and Hariyanto, 2003: 67). There are two strategies, first structural
strategies and semantic strategies
a. Structural Strategies
The structural strategies are categorized into three: there are addition,
subtraction and transposition. (Suryawinata and Hariyanto, 2003: 67 - 69).
i. Addition
This strategy uses to add the words in the source language structure because
the source language needs to add some words. For example:
SL: Saya guru,
TL: I am teacher
The word “am” and “a” must be added to make the structure in the target
language can be accepted.
ii. Subtraction
Subtraction means there is omitting structural element in the target language.
For example:
SL: You should go home. SL: Her husband is an engineer.
TL: kamu mesti pulang. TL: Suaminya insinyur.
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The structural element in verb ‘go” and “is an” are omitted from target language.
iii. Transposition
In this strategy, the translator changes the source language structure in the
target language sentences to get same meaning. The changes of the structure
can be from plural into singular, adjective phrase, or the whole sentences. For
example:
SL: Musical instruments can be divided into two basic groups.
TL: Alat musik bisa dibagi menjadi dua kelompok dasar.
From the example, plural word in the source language changes into singular
in the target language. “Instruments” (plural) translated into “alat” (singular).
Similarly with the word “groups” translated into “kelompok”.
b. Semantic Strategies
Semantics strategies are translation strategies related with the meaning. These
strategies are focused in the words, phrases, clauses and sentences. Semantics
strategies are divided into nine strategies.
There are borrowing, cultural equivalent, descriptive equivalent, synonym, official
translation, loss and gain, additional, omission, and modulation. (Suryawinata and
Hariyanto, 2003: 70 - 76).
i. Borrowing
Borrowing is a translation strategy whereby the translator uses a word or
expression from Source Language in the Target Language.
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One reason of using foreign terms is to show respect through the words. Another
reason is because there is no equivalence in the Target Language.
There are two kinds of borrowing. The first one is transliteration, a borrowing
that keeps the Source Language word in its original form, either its sound or
spelling. The second one is naturalization. By naturalization, the Source Language
word’s sound and spelling are adapted into the Target Language. For example:
Source Language Transliteration Naturalization
mall mall mal
sandal sandal sandal
orangutan orangutan orangutan
ii. Cultural equivalent
In this strategy, the translator translates the SL cultural word with the TL
cultural word. As the example, the Indonesia word ‘Jaksa Agung’ is translated as
Attorney General in English (not Great Attorney).
iii. Descriptive equivalent and Componential Analysis
This strategy is used when the SL word is expressed by its description and
function.
For example, the word samurai is described as ‘the Japanese aristocracy from the
eleventh to nineteenth century’; its function was ‘to provide officers and
administrators’.
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iv. Synonym
This strategy is used when the translator uses the TL words that have more or
less the same meaning for the SL words. For examples:
SL: What a cute baby you’ve got!
TL: Alangkah lucunya bayimu!
The word “cute” translated into “lucu”. “Cute” and “lucu” are synonym.
“Cute” is an attractive child and “lucu” is a child who is attracting people to get
their attention. “lucu” and “cute” have similar meaning as an attractive child to get
someone attention.
v. Official Translation
This strategy is used to formal translation. When translator translates a text from
another language into Indonesian and uses this strategy, the translator needs to
have a manual book “Pedoman Pengindonesiaan Nama dan Kata Asing” publised
by Pusat Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Depdikbud R.I. For example,
“read-only memory” translated on the book into “memory simpan tetap”.
vi. Reduction and Expansion
Reduction means reducing the SL word component, for example, translating
the word “automobile” as “mobil” in Indonesia, Here, the word element “auto” is
omitted.
The expansion is the opposite of reduction. Here the word component is
expanded in the TL, for example, translating “whale” as “ikan paus” in Indonesia
because if it is not added the word “ikan”, it may mean the pope.
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vii. Addition
In this strategy, the translator gives extra information to the TL readers. It
may come in the text, at the bottom of the page (footnote), and at the end of the
text. For example:
SL: The skin, which is hard and scaly, is greyish in color, thus helping
to camouflage it from predators when underwater.
TL: Kulitnya, yang keras dan bersisik, berwarna abu-abu. Dengan demikian,
kulit ini membantunya berkamuflase, menyesuaikan diri dengan keadaan
lingkungan untuk menyelamatkan diri dari predator, hewan pemangsa, jika
berada di dalam air (Suryawinata and Hariyanto, 2003: 75).
viii. Omission
Omission means deleting a word or a text part of the SL in the TL. This
strategy is used when the meaning carried by the words is not important enough to
the development of the text. For example:
SL: “Sama dengan raden ayu ibunya,” katanya lirih.
TL: “Just like her mother,” she whispered
The word “raden ayu” from source language is not translated into target language.
ix. Modulation
Modulation is a variation of the form of the message, obtained by a change in
the point of view.
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This change is justified when, literal translation results in a pragmatically correct
utterance, it is considered unsuitable, unidiomatic or awkward in the TL.
Translating “I broke my leg” as “kakiku patah” in Indonesia is an example of
modulation. In this translation, the translator views the problem from its object
(“kaki”), not from its subject (“saya”). This is a must because Indonesian
grammar does not allow such structure like “saya mematahkan kaki saya.
C. Theoretical Framework
First, in the theory of definition and process of translation by Nida and Taber
will help to understand how the translation process is done. Then, theory that is
used in this research to solve the first problem is about how accurate the
translation is used Nababan accuracy theory that contains an indicator of
accuracy. Furthermore, this theory is used to assess the accuracy score of each
translation.
Second, still come from same relation with the accuracy theory, to answer the
second problem, the researcher is using Nababan readability theory. As related to
the accuracy this theory also using an indicator to assess the score from each
translation. Through this result from that process the researcher can find out the
relation between accuracy and readability from each data.
The final process comes from strategy theory; this strategy determines what
kinds of strategies are used by Suryawinata and Hariyanto. In this research, the
theories that will be used can be related or same with the previous researcher.
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CHAPTER III
METHODOLOGY
A. Area of Research
Comparison of Translation and their Source Texts
Translation involves the textual comparison of translation from the Source
Texts as an original source. This may deal with several translations so may be
understood by the readers of the Target Text. Not all topics can deal with every
possible aspect of the texts, so as the translator may choose what is closest or
match with the original (Chesterman, 2002: 7). In here, the researcher tries to
focus on accuracy, readability and strategy applied in the Indonesian translation of
drinks labels. Talking about comparison, this study aims to discover patterns of
translation in scope of drinks labels. As the result, this study aims to make
readers/consumer understand what officially stamped on the products.
B. Object of the Study
The object of this research study is the translation phrases from Source
Language (SL) to the Target Language (TL) that had been found on the
beverage’s label as the target texts. There are many kinds of drinks labels in
Indonesia. Furthermore, in here to clarify what is included as an object of the
study, there are: imported tea and juice drinks that will be analyzed from English
to Indonesia Languages.
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C. Method of the Study
The method used in this study is the combination of two kinds of research.
Those are the library research and field research. First, Library research was done
to find out the theory of translation and gain important information. Second, the
field research was used to obtain accuracy and readability through questionnaires.
Furthermore, the main goals of using this questionnaire were to support and solve
the analysis in the result of this study, whether the data categorized as accurate,
quite accurate or inaccurate and readable, quite readable or not readable.
D. Research Procedure
1. Types of Data
The kinds of data are divided into two categories, the one is objective and
the other is affective data.
a. Objective data
The data analyzed were taken from several beverage products such as:
Diamond Juice, Jungle Juice, Minute Maid Nutriboost, Minute Maid Pulpy,
Green Tea, Frestea, Nutriboost,Tropicana Twister Juice, Pokka, Jefi, Nu Juv,
You-C1000, Dewlands, and Ocean Spray. Furthermore, the researcher gathered all
the data and got 22 data that have been analyzed.
b. Affective Data
The Affective data were collected from the respondents using
questionnaires. There were thirteen respondents involved in this study.
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In terms of accuracy study, there were three respondents. They were from two
professional translators and one from linguistic background.
In terms of readability, because the consumer of this product may come
from variant background, the researcher chosen randomly ten respondents for the
readability assessment as representative of the target language. The Respondents
were asked to answer the questionnaire. The Accuracy of the questionnaire
consisted of Source Language and Target Language, meanwhile the Readability
questionnaire consisted of the Target Language only. The respondents were
expected to assess the accuracy and readability of the TL based on the score 1- 3
(for accuracy) – 1 – 3 (for readability) and gave comments, correction, or
suggestion for the translations if they had any.
2. Data Collection
First of all, the data were obtained from some sources which were
available in some convenience stores, such as Plaza Ambarukmo Jalan Solo,
Indomart Demangan, Alfamart Demangan and Koperasi Mahasiswa Sanata
Dharma, the product selected were from Tea and Juice drink labels. Moreover the
drink labels were photographed. The photos were then analyzed, coded and
categorized.
Table 5. Example of the data code
Code Source Text Code Target Text1/ST/DJ Keep Refrigerated 1/TT/DJ Simpan di tempat
sejuk ±4°C
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How to Read Initial Coding
1 means : The data number
ST means : The Source Text
DJ means : Diamond Juice
1 means : The number of data
TT means : The Target Text
DJ means: Diamond Juice
Furthermore, the complete product abbreviations can be seen on page xiv.
In here, the words, phrases and sentences would be analyzed based on the
respondents scoring and calculated to get the final score. First, for the accuracy
assessment, there were three respondents from different expert background. They
are two from professional translator and one from linguistic expert. Next, the
respondents gave the score for all the twenty two data. Nababan’s rating
instruments with modification were used to analyze the assessment from the
respondents.
No Code Source Text Code Target TextSkor
1 2 31 1/ST/DJ Keep
Refrigerated1/TT/DJ Simpan di
tempatsejuk ±4°C
Second, in readability the collected data gathered from Indonesia
translation. The researcher collected data from readability same with the method
of collecting the accuracy data. The difference is between how to make code in
each readability data.
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Code Target Text
1/TT/DJ Simpan di tempat sejuk ±4°c
How to Read Initial Coding
1 means : The number of data
TT means : The Target Text
DJ means : Diamond Juice
In terms of readability, the goal is wanted to know whether from
Indonesian translation of drinks labels can be easy to read by the consumer or not.
Ten random respondents were chosen randomly as capable to answer and give
scores for each datum. Further analysis used Nababan’s rating instrument with
modification to complete the readability analysis process.
Code Target TextSkor Indikator
1 2 3
1/TT/DJ Simpan di tempat sejuk ±4°c
3. Population and Sample
The data population of this study was 22 drink labels of English and
Bahasa Indonesia that have been collected. No samples were taken and all
populations are selected.
4. Data Analysis
In this case of the study, the researcher used a questionnaire as a field
research to know whether the translation is accurate or not.
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The data collected were selected through these steps. For these calculations only
for accuracy, the average score by totaling scores from its data and dividing it by
three as the total of the respondents who have taken the questionnaire.
First, the accuracy data from respondents were categorized based on Nababan’s
accuracy indicator, as exemplified below.
18/ST/NJ Orange Citroen JuiceDrink
25/TT/NJ Minuman Sari BuahJeruk
Score: 2
The score of translation above was 2. It meant that the accuracy of this translation
is quite accurate. Minuman Sari Buah Jeruk as the translation of Orange Citroen
Juice Drink transfers the meaning of the message from Source Text. Besides, one
of the respondents considers that the word of Orange Citroen should be translated
into Jeruk Sitrun to get specific and the original meaning from Source Text,
because there are so many types of orange fruit.
11/ST/TTJ Real Orange Pulp 18/TT/TTJ Dengan Bulir UtuhBuah Asli
Score: 2
The translation above got the score 2 and categorized as quite accurate translation.
The Translator makes this translation lose its meaning by translated the word Real
Orange Pulp into Dengan Bulir Utuh BuahAsli. We can see that the meaning of
translation orange is generalized into buah. It is suggested to specify into Bulir
Utuh Jeruk Asli. The reason is buah can be referred to certain kinds of fruits.
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Second, for these calculations only for readability, the average score by
totaling scores from its data and dividing it by ten as the total of the respondents
who have taken the questionnaire. The data from readability respondents were
categorized based on Nababan’s readability indicator. The example as is follows.
18/TT/NJ Minuman sari buah jeruk
Score: 1. 1
Most of the respondents can read the translation. Therefore, it is really clear
enough and needs no revision. The respondents give score 1.1. As the result, this
translation considered as readable and quite accurate translation as is follows
respondent can understand well the meaning of the translation is.
11/TT/TTJ Dengan bulir utuh buah asli
Score: 2
The respondents still can get the meaning of the phrase. The similar result also
comes from the analysis of the accuracy translation; it is considered quite accurate
and quite readable translation.
Third, after analyzing the accuracy and readability, the data were analyzed
based on the strategies employed by Suryawinata and Hariyanto. They divided the
translation strategy into two main types. They are structural strategy, a strategy
related to sentence structure, and semantic structure, a strategy related to a word
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meaning (2003: 6). In this study, since the analysis will deal more on the accuracy
and related to word meaning, the researcher considers both on structural and
semantic strategy. The following is the style of the data.
Omission means deleting a word or a text part of the SL in the TL. The
analysis found that nine translations using this strategy.
Omission
Code Source Text Code Target Text11/ST/TTJ Real Orange Pulp 11/TT/TTJ Dengan Bulir Utuh
Buah Asli
The translator makes this translation lose its meaning by omitting the word
Orange into Buah.
We can see that the meaning of translation orange is generalized into buah. It is
suggested to specify the translation into Bulir Utuh Jeruk Asli. The translation is
quite accurate and quite readable.
Transposition
Code Source Text Code Target Text
11/ST/TTJ Real Orange Pulp 11/TT/TTJDengan Bulir Utuh
Buah Asli
The translator changes the position and adds the word dengan and utuh on the
Target Text. Nevertheless, there is no difference in the meaning, because it still
can carry the meaning of this translation from the Source Text. Thus, the
translation is categorized as quite accurate and quite readable.
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In order to strengthen the analysis result, the researcher also looking what
theories were matched to solve the problems, connecting the result with the
theory, analyzing the respondent’s answer using accuracy or readability indicator,
giving statements and concluding the result of the analysis to get the final result,
making and typing the possibility or consideration for each data analysis, then
calculating the score and summarize the final conclusion for all the findings of the
analysis result.
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CHAPTER IV
ANALYSIS RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS
This chapter deals with the analysis of the accuracy and the readability of
the Indonesian translation of the drinks labels. The accuracy analysis is done
partly by distributing questionnaires to three respondents who have a certain
qualifications. They are professional translators and linguistic expert.
The result of the accuracy analysis is then compared to the readability of the
drink label translation to find whether they are accurate – readable, not accurate –
readable, accurate – readable, not accurate – readable, or any other combination.
The last step is to find the translation strategies that were possibly done by the
translator.
A. The Accuracy of Translation
The accuracy indicators use three scales based on the Nababan’s accuracy
rating instruments. The study analyses twenty two data translations and present
three different categories for every single data. As the result of the study, the
researcher finds that there are fourteen translations which are accurate. Five
translations which are quite accurate, and three translations which are inaccurate.
All of them were listed and explained as below.
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1. Accurate (score range 1 – 1.6)
Of the twenty two data, fourteen data are accurate; all of drink labels are
translated without any distortion of meaning. The followings are some example of
the data.
1/ST/DJ Keep Refrigerated 1/TT/DJ Simpan di tempat sejuk± 4°C
Score: 1
In the translation above, the phrase keep refrigerated is transferred into simpan di
tempat sejuk ±4°C is considered accurate translation from the respondents.
Although, the Target Text has additional phrases/words, the translation can carry
the meaning from Source Text and make it clearer because the meaning ± 4°C
here has the same meaning as a cold place because this product is sale in
Indonesia as tropical country. As mentioned on (Oxford Advanced Learner’s
Dictionary, 2007: 1642) define tropic as the area between two tropics, which is
the hottest part of the world.
4/ST/NB Delicious +Refreshing
4/TT/NB Enak + Menyegarkan
Score: 1
The accuracy in the translation above is high because, still can convey the
message from Source Text to the Target Text. This datum is considered as
accurate in spite of the fact that there is an addition of "+"symbol to the Target
Text. The meaning, however, is the same with the Source Text. Further analysis in
the word “delicious” has a meaning of having a very pleasant taste or smell
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(Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 2007: 404), and can be translated into
enak in the Target Text. Meanwhile, refreshing has a meaning “as making you
feel less hot” that equal as menyegarkan in Target Text (Oxford Advanced
Learner’s Dictionary, 2007: 1271).
8/ST/YC Replenish Lost Fluids, Taste The Difference
8/TT/YC Pengganti cairan tubuh,rasakan bedanya
Score: 1
The Target Text above is slightly different from the Source Text; the word lost is
not translated. Nevertheless, there is no difference in meaning. The word fluids
has a meaning of “a liquid; substance that can flow: body fluids (Oxford
Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 2007: 596) which is directly translated into
Cairan Tubuh makes this sentence clear to the Target Text because this is related
with the liquid.
17/ST/PK Green Tea Jasmine 17/TT/PK Minuman Teh HijauAroma Melati
Score: 1
The addition of minuman is to enhance the meaning of phrase teh hijau aroma
melati. However, minuman teh hijau aroma melati has an addition word aroma, in
the Target Text to explain more that the tea has a smell of jasmine flower.
Furthermore, translation above considered as accurate.
21/ST/DL Fruit Cocktail 21/TT/DL Sari buah campuran
Score: 1
Although the translation above losses the word cocktail from the Source Text. The
translation still considered as accurate translation.
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However, the phrase has addition of sari buah that used to enhance the meaning
from Source Text. This statement also proven in the definition of cocktail itself,
“a drink usually made from a mixture of one or more spirits (strong alcoholic
drinks) and fruit juice. It can also be made without alcohol.”(Oxford Advanced
Learner’s Dictionary, 2007: 286). Another suggestion from one of the respondent
for this translation to the Target Text can be translated into koktail buah.
2. Quite Accurate (score range 1.7 – 2.3)
This part has five translations out of twenty two translations which are categorized
as quite accurate. The meaning this translation conveyed less accurately to the
Target Text, which may create ambiguous meaning, and indicated by a literal
translation.
16/ST/MM White Grape FlavoredDrink with Aloe Vera
16/TT/MM Minuman Rasa Anggurdengan Lidah Buaya
Score: 1. 7
There is a loss of meaning in the translation above. The word White grape which
is translated into Anggur is different in meaning from the Source Text. The reason
is 'White' grapes are actually green in colour, and are evolutionarily derived from
the red grape “Grape Varieties”. Jancis Robinson Learn About Wine. Jancis
Robinson. n.d. (http://www.jancisrobinson.com/learn/grape-varieties/white). The
way to make this translation clearer is to add word putih into Target Text.
Therefore, the translation consideration will be Minuman Rasa Anggur Putih
dengan Lidah Buaya.
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7/ST/GT Less Sugar 7TT/GT Rendah Gula
Score: 1.7
Although translation above seems accurate enough for the researcher, two
respondents give score 2 and one respondent gives score 1. One respondent
suggests the translation into Gula Sedikit. As example proven that less has
meaning; used with uncountable nouns to mean “smaller amount of”. (Oxford
Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 2007: 880).
11/ST/TTJ Real Orange Pulp 11/TT/TTJ Dengan Bulir UtuhBuah Asli
Score: 2
The translation above got the score 2 and categorized as quite accurate translation.
The translator makes the translation above lose its meaning by translating the
word Real Orange Pulp into Dengan Bulir Utuh Buah Asli. We can see that the
meaning of translation orange is generalized into buah. It is suggested to specify
into Bulir Utuh Jeruk Asli. The reason is buah can be referred to certain kinds of
fruits.
18/ST/NJ Orange Citroen JuiceDrink
18/TT/NJ Minuman Sari BuahJeruk
Score: 2
The score of translation above was 2. It meant that the accuracy of this translation
is quite accurate. Minuman Sari Buah Jeruk as the translation of Orange Citroen
Juice Drink transfers the meaning of the message from Source Text. Besides, one
of the respondents considers that the word of Orange Citroen should be translated
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into Jeruk Sitrun to get specific and the original meaning from Source Text,
because there are so many types of orange fruit.
22/ST/DL Fruit juices Apple,Grape & Mixed Berry
22/TT/DL Sari buah campuranapel, anggur dan berry
Score: 2
This datum above is considered not accurate. The respondents give consideration
of this translation to be Sari buah apel, anggur dan campuran berry, due to the
meaning of the translation does not fit and properly to carry the meaning from the
Source Text. Because the word Mixed Berry from the Source Text not conveyed
to the Target Text. The translation above considered as quite accurate translation.
3. Inaccurate (score range 2.4 – 3)
In this part, three translations are considered inaccurate. The content of the Source
Text is not conveyed accurately to the Target Text, indicated by incorrect
translation. The example can be seen as follows.
20/ST/JF Peach drink with pulp 20/TT/JF Minuman Sari buahpersik
Score: 2.7
The translation above, in fact, carries the ambiguity of the Target Text, because
the translator loses the message of with pulp. The meaning of Source Text is
really different from the Target Text. However, it needs to be considered that the
term of pulp itself only can be used for orange fruit. As said on (Echols, et al,
Kamus Inggris Indonesia, 1988: 456), that the meaning of pulp is daging buah
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(orange). In here, the translator also added the word sari buah into Target Text.
As the result, although the respondent considered this as inaccurate translation, it
is fine that omitted the word with pulp from Source Text. Furthermore, to make
the sentence clear and well transferred, it is considered can be translated into
Minuman rasa buah persik.
10/ST/OS Cranberry JuiceCocktail
10/TT/OS Minuman Sari BuahCranberry
Score: 2.7
The translator skips the word cocktail from Source Text into Target Text and
omitted it. It is awkward when the translator does not translate the whole words of
this phrase. It is considered to translate the meaning of this phrase from Cranberry
Juice Cocktail to be Minuman sari buah koktail cranberry.
19/ST/JF Green Guava drinkwith pulp
15/TT/JH Minuman Rasa JambuBiji
Score: 3
The meaning of the translation above is clear, but the respondents consider this
translation does not transfer the meaning of word Green Guava into Target Text.
To make it better, the respondents suggest to add the word Hijau and translated to
be Minuman rasa jambu biji hijau. However, as have been explained before, it
needs to be considered that the term of pulp itself only can be used for orange
fruit. As said on (Echols, et al, Kamus Inggris Indonesia, 1988: 456), the meaning
of pulp is daging buah (orange).
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Based on the analysis above the average score for this accuracy assessment can be
found out or shown in the following diagram:
Diagram 1. Accuracy Score of Each Respondent
Based on the diagram table above, it can be seen that respondent one (Resp. 1)
gives 1,4, second respondent (Resp. 2) gives score 1,5, and the third respondent
(Resp. 3) gives score 1,4 to the 22 translations. To get the result of this analysis, it
can be calculated as below.
∑ = total scores
total respondents
∑ = 1.4 + 1.5 + 1.4
3
1.34
1.36
1.38
1.4
1.42
1.44
1.46
1.48
1.5
Accuracy's Table
1.4
1.5
1.4
Resp. 1
Resp. 2
Resp. 3
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∑ = 1.45 = 1.4
The score, 1.4, based on Nababan’s accuracy rating instrument, is categorized as
accurate. It means that the translations have been transferred well and can reveal
the message on ST and no need of rewriting.
The following chart of pie diagram will show the classification of the
translations in the percentage. Furthermore, the percentage of total translation can
be seen as below.
Diagram 2. Accuracy Score Classification in Percentage
The diagram above shows that the translation of this accuracy’s analysis can be
classified into three types. The average score of 1 – 1.5 as an accurate translation
reach 64% in percentage. When for quite accurate translation reach 23%.
Moreover, inaccurate translation is only 13%. As the result, it can be seen that
translation in the drink labels is classified as accurate translation.
64%
23%
13%
Indicators of Accuracy1 - 1.5 1.6 - 2.6 2.6 - 3.5
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B. Translation Readability
This part explains about the readability analysis as assessed by ten (10)
respondents of English field background. Furthermore, the respondents were
asked to fulfill the questionnaire form using the ‘readability rating-instrument’ by
Nababan’s accuracy-rating instrument.
It is found that there are 14 readable translations, 8 quite readable
translations, and no data is not readable translation. The analysis of the translation
is readability is linked with the previous accuracy analysis to find whether the
translations are fulfilled some phenomena as aforementioned in the introduction
of chapter IV.
1. Readable (score range 1-1.6)
From total twenty two translations, fourteen data are considered as readable.
Furthermore, it is can be seen that the text is easy to read and can be understood
clearly by the readers. This example can be seen below.
20/TT/TG Minuman Sari buah persik
Score: 1
The translation above is basically short and readable. However, compared with
the accuracy this translation categorized as inaccurate translation. The Target Text
is not well translated according to its Source Text as expert respondent said
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before. As the reason of this problem, it needs to be considered that the term of
pulp itself only can be used for orange fruit. It has been explained on page 33.
17/TT/PK Minuman Teh Hijau Aroma Melati
Score: 1. 1
The translation above is completely clear. There is no clumsy word when the
respondents read it. Meanwhile, the accuracy analysis shows that the translation is
accurate, because this translation is well transferred the message from Source
Text.
18/TT/NJ Minuman sari buah jeruk
Score: 1. 1
Most of the respondents can read the translation above. Therefore, it is really clear
enough and needs no revision. The respondents give score 1.1 as average score
data. As the result, this translation considered as readable and quite accurate
translation as is follows respondent can understand well the meaning of the
translation is.
4/TT/NB Enak + menyegarkan
Score: 1. 2
Most of the respondents can understand and accept the translation aobve. This
also shows on the accuracy result, compared with that translation it is considered
as a good and well transferred translation.
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1/TT/DJ Simpan di tempat sejuk ±4°c
Score: 1. 3
This translation above can be accepted by the respondents.
The translation from an accuracy point of view, this is also accurate translation
and can be fully understood. This good result also follows from accuracy result,
which is accurate.
8/TT/YC Pengganti cairan tubuh, rasakan bedanya
Score: 1, 3
No revision or suggestion is proposed by the respondent because they feel can
understand the meaning of the translation above.
19/TT/JF Minuman Rasa Jambu Biji
Score: 1. 4
The translation above goes smoothly as it can be understood, no revision is
needed. However, this is contrasted with the accuracy of translation because this
text is considered inaccurate.
7/TT/GT Rendah gula
Score: 1. 5
The meaning of translation above can be understood without any problem by ten
respondents. In the other hand, from the accuracy analysis this translation is
considered as a quite accurate translation.
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16/TT/MM Minuman rasa anggur dengan lidah buaya
Score: 1. 6
All of the respondents agree that the translation above is readable and can be
easily read and they give 1.6 as avereage score.
There is no need to revise the word. Meanwhile, compared with the accuracy
translation this categorized as quite accurate translation. As the result, the
accuracy result does not really give an impact to this translation.
2. Quite Readable (score range 1.7 – 2.3)
This analysis finds that eight translations are considered as quite readable out
of twenty two data. Moreover, this can be seen that the text is not easy to be
understood, and may create ambiguous meaning this example can be seen as
follows.
22/TT/FTS Sari buah campuran apel, anggur dan berry
Score: 1. 7
The readability of the translation above can be understood by the readers.
Although the translation still maintains berry from the Source Text, because this
fruit might not exist in every country or in this case in Indonesia country this fruit
does not exist. The readers still find out that it is quite readable translation. The
accuracy analysis finds that this is quite accurate.
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10/TT/OS Minuman Sari Buah Cranberry
Score: 1. 9
Most respondents said that the translation of cranberry is not translated from the
Source Text because that is a borrowing term from Source Language. Hence, this
translation is still categorized as quite readable. Meanwhile that result’s effect
comes from the accuracy result, this is considered as an inaccurate translation.
11/TT/TTJ Dengan bulir utuh buah asli
Score: 2
The respondents still can get the meaning of the phrase above. The similar result
also comes from the analysis of the accuracy translation, it is considered quite
accurate.
21/TT/DL Sari buah campuran
Score: 2. 2
The respondents still find the translation strange when reading translation above.
As example of the reason, buah in here can be refers to many certain kinds of
fruit. In, addition this translation also considered accurate, as is follows does not
giving the good impact of the readability result.
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As the result of this analysis, according to the score per translation
presented above, the final score of translation readability can be counted by firstly
finding the average score given by each respondent. Secondly, the step can be
done by calculating the total score per item of each respondent and then divided
by the total data translations that have been analyzed. Furthermore, as the result of
average score can be seen below.
Diagram 3. Readability Score of Each Respondent
Further explanation about the calculating method finds out the average score of
each respondent. The method to calculate the average score is as follows.
∑ = total average score
total respondents
∑ = 1.5+1.9+1.4+1.5+1.3+2+1.2+1.2+1.5+1.3
10
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
Readability Scale
Resp. 1
Resp. 2
Resp. 3
Resp. 4
Resp. 5
Resp. 6
Resp. 7
Resp. 8
Resp. 9
Resp. 10
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∑ = 1. 48 = 1.5
Based on the analysis the translation of this drinks labels is considered readable. It
means that the translations are easy to read, still, cannot be fully understood
through some terms.
For further analysis to complete the study, the readability score can be got
by finding items which are readable, quite readable, and not readable. In this
section, the chart will show the classification three of indicator in percentage.
Diagram 4. Readability Score Classification in Percentage
As the final result of this analysis in case of readability, as it can be seen that the
readable data 64 %, quite readable translation is 36 %, and no data is categorized
as not readable. From the explanation above it can be concluded that translation in
drink labels is considered as readable translation.
64.00%
36.00%
Indicator of Readability
1 -1,6 1,7 - 2,3
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In relation to the accuracy analysis, it found out that the accuracy and the
readability are not always synchronized. Some data are considered accurate, but,
they are not readable, and vice versa. The following table shows the relation
between the accuracy and the readability. The explanation of this abbreviation as
follows that A means Accurate, QA means Quite Accurate, IA means Inaccurate,
R means Readable, QR means Quite Readable, and NR means Not Readable.
Table 6. The relation between Accuracy and the Readability
No ofData
A-R QA-R
IA-R A-QR
QA-QR
IA-QR
A-NR
QA-NR
IA-NR
1 √2 √3 √4 √5 √6 √7 √8 √9 √10 √11 √12 √13 √14 √15 √16 √17 √18 √19 √20 √21 √22 √
Total 9 3 2 5 2 1 - - -
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Initial Coding
A : Accurate
QA : Quite Accurate
IA : Inaccurate
R : Readable
QR : Quite Readable
NR : Not Readable
As the result of this analysis, according to the data above, found that 9 translation
is Accurate and Readable, 3 translations as Quite Accurate and Readable, 2
translations as Inaccurate and Readable, 5 translations as Accurate and Quite
Readable, 2 translations as Quite Accurate and Quite Readable, 1 translations as
Inaccurate and Quite Readable, and no translations categorized neither as Quite
Accurate and Not Readable, Accurate nor as Not Readable and Inaccurate and Not
Readable. Furthermore, the analysis found that the translations are mostly
categorized as Accurate and Readable.
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C. Translation Strategies and Its Application on the Drinks Labels
In this part the researcher analyzes and explains about what kind of
strategies applied in each drinks labels translation based on Suryawinata and
Hariyanto (2003: 67-76).
Furthermore, the analysis and explanation of strategies applied on the
drinks labels can be seen as follows.
1. Addition
From this strategy researcher founds that out of 22 data, only three translations
using this strategy. The example as is follows.
Code Source Text Code Target Text
1/ST/DJ Keep Refrigerated 1/TT/DJSimpan di tempat sejuk
± 4°C
The word di from phrase tempat sejuk ± 4°C is considered to be added, in order to
make fulfill the structure of Target Text to be complete. This translation is
accurate translation and readable.
2. Subtraction
Three translations are using this strategy to overcome the translation phenomena.
The example can be seen on the following.
Code Source Text Code Target Text
13/ST/MM Rich in Vitamin C 13/TT/MM Kaya Vitamin C
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The translator used this strategy to omit the word. The word in from Source Text
is omitted from the structure. There is a loss of meaning in this translation from
the word in the Source Text. However it does not affect the result of the accuracy
and readability analysis. Therefore, the translation is accurate and readable.
3. Transposition
There are sixteen translations using transposition strategy, the example of analysis
can be seen below.
Code Source Text Code Target Text
11/ST/TTJ Real Orange Pulp 11/TT/TTJDengan Bulir Utuh
Buah Asli
The translator changes the position and adds the word dengan and utuh on the
Target Text. Nevertheless, there is no difference in the meaning, because it still
can carry the meaning of this translation from the Source Text. Thus, translation is
categorized as quite accurate and quite readable.
4. Borrowing
Borrowing is a translation strategy in which the translator uses a word or
expression from SL in the TL. One reason of using foreign terms is to show
respect through the words. Another reason is because there is no equivalence in
the TL.
There are two kinds of borrowing. The first one is transliteration, a
borrowing that keeps the SL word in its original form, either its sound or spelling.
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The second one is naturalization. By naturalization, the SL word’s sound and
spelling are adapted into the TL. The researcher found out that one data
translation using transliteration and naturalization.
a. Transliteration
Code Source Text Code Target Text10/ST/OS Cranberry Juice
Cocktail10/TT/OS Minuman Sari Buah
Cranberry
The applied strategy in this translation is transliteration. The word cranberry is
left untranslated to the Target Text. As the result this translation categorized as
inaccurate and quite readable.
b. Naturalization
Code Source Text Code Target Text22/ST/DL Fruit juices Apple,
Grape & Mixed Berry22/TT/DL Sari buah campuran apel,
anggur dan berry
From the accuracy and readability it is fine that the word berry is left untranslated,
the reader still understand the meaning. This translation is considered quite
accurate and quite readable.
5. Synonym
This strategy is used when the translator chooses the TL words that have more or
less the same meaning for the SL words. The example can be seen below.
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Code Source Text Code Target Text4/ST/NB Delicious +
Refreshing4/TT/NB Enak + Menyegarkan
The synonym strategy is applied in the translation still can convey the message
from Source Text to the Target Text. The meaning, however, is the same with the
Source Text. The meaning, however, is the same with the Source Text. Further
analysis in the word “delicious” has a meaning of having a very pleasant taste or
smell (Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 2007: 404), and can be translated
into enak in the Target Text. Meanwhile, refreshing has a meaning “as making
you feel less hot” that equal as menyegarkan in Target Text (Oxford Advanced
Learner’s Dictionary, 2007: 1271). Therefore, this translation categorized as
accurate and readable.
Code Source Text Code Target Text7/ST/GT Less Sugar 7TT/GT Rendah Gula
The translator directly translates the word less to rendah, which is synonymous
with the Source Text. The respondents suggest this translation to be sedikit Gula.
As example proven that less has meaning; used with uncountable nouns to mean
“smaller amount of” Text (Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, 2007: 880).
Which has meaning as sedikit in Target Text. The translation is quite accurate and
readable.
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6. Reduction and Expansion
Reduction means reducing the SL word component. However, expansion is the
opposite of the reduction strategy.
Here researcher founds five translations using expansion strategy, the examples
are below.
a. Expansion
Code Source Text Code Target Text17/ST/PK Green Tea Jasmine 17/TT/PK Minuman Teh Hijau
Aroma Melati
The translator makes an expansion in word minuman to enhance the meaning the
phrase Teh Hijau. The translation is Accurate and Readable.
7. Addition
In this strategy, the translator gives extra information to the Target Text readers.
The analysis founds out that five translations are using this strategy; it can be seen
as example below.
Code Source Text Code Target Text
1/ST/DJ Keep Refrigerated 1/TT/DJ Simpan di tempat sejuk± 4°C
The translator tries to add phrases in this translation. The phrase keep refrigerated
transferred into simpan di tempat sejuk ±4°C is considered accurate translation
and readable. Although the Target Text has additional phrases/words, the
translation can carry the meaning from Source Text and make it clearer.
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8. Omission
Omission means deleting a word or a text part of the SL in the TL. The analysis
found that nine translations using this strategy.
11/ST/TTJ Real Orange Pulp 11/TT/TTJ Dengan Bulir UtuhBuah Asli
The translator makes this translation lose its meaning by omitting the word
Orange into Buah. We can see that the meaning of translation orange is
generalized into buah. It is suggested to specify the translation into Bulir Utuh
Jeruk Asli. The translation is quite accurate and quite readable.
16/ST/MM White Grape FlavoredDrink with Aloe Vera
16/TT/MM Minuman Rasa Anggurdengan Lidah Buaya
There is a loss of meaning in this translation. The word White grape which is
omitted and translated into Anggur is different in meaning from the Source Text.
The way to make this translation clearer is to add word putih after the word
Anggur into Target Text. Therefore, the translation is quite accurate and readable.
18/ST/NJ Orange Citroen JuiceDrink
18/TT/NJ Minuman Sari BuahJeruk
Citroen from Source Text is omitted in the Target Text. Besides, one of the
respondents considers that the word of Orange Citroen should be translated into
Jeruk Sitrun to get specific and the original meaning from Source Text, because
there are so many types of orange fruit. This gives a bad impact against the
accuracy scoring, as is follow on the result of this translation is quite accurate and
readable.
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Table 7. The Strategies Applied in the Drinks LabelsN
umbe
r of
Dat
a
Structural Semantics
Add
itio
n
Sub
trac
tion
Tra
nspo
siti
on
Bor
row
ing
-T
rans
lite
rati
onB
orro
win
g-
Nat
ural
izat
ion
Cul
tura
lE
quiv
alen
tD
escr
ipti
veE
quiv
alen
tC
ompo
nent
ial
Ana
lysi
s
Syn
onym
Off
icia
lT
rans
lati
on
Red
ucti
on
Exp
ansi
on
Add
itio
n
Om
issi
on
Mod
ulat
ion
1 √ √2 √3 √ √4 √5 √ √6 √ √7 √8 √ √ √ √9 √ √10 √ √ √ √11 √ √ √ √12 √ √ √13 √14 √ √15 √16 √ √17 √ √18 √ √19 √ √ √20 √ √ √21 √ √ √22 √ √ √ √
Tot
al
3 2 16 1 1 - - - 9 - - 5 5 9 -
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From all of the translation analysis above, the researcher found that out of
15 strategies 9 strategies are used to overcome the translation of drinks labels.
Moreover, from Structural strategy, the researcher found that there are 3
translations using addition strategy, 2 translations using subtraction strategy, 16
translations using transposition strategy. However, from Semantic strategy the
researcher founds that 1 translation using transliteration strategy, 1 translation
using naturalization strategy, 9 translations using synonym strategy, 5 translations
using expansion strategy, 5 translations using addition strategy, and the 9
translations using omission strategy. As the result, the analysis found that the
translator is mostly used transposition strategy to overcome the Indonesian
translation of drinks labels.
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CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION
The study analyses 22 data translations and present three different
categories for every single data. As the result of the study, the researcher finds
that there are 14 translations which are accurate, 5 translations as quite accurate,
and 3 translations are considered inaccurate. As the final result from accuracy rate
the score is 1.4. It means that the translations have been transferred well and can
reveal the message on ST and no need of rewriting.
From the readability rating result, the score is 1.5. Which means that the
translations are easy to read, but it cannot be fully understood.
In relation with the accuracy and readability analysis, it is found that 9
translation is Accurate and Readable, 3 translations as Quite Accurate and
Readable, 2 translations as Inaccurate and Readable, 4 translations as Accurate
and Quite Readable, 2 translations as Quite Accurate and Quite Readable, 2
translations as Inaccurate and Quite Readable, and no translations categorized
neither as Accurate and Not Readable, as Quite Accurate and Not Readable and
Inaccurate and Not Readable. Furthermore, the analysis finds that the translations
are mostly categorized as Accurate and Readable.
Related with the translation strategy analysis, the researcher finds that out
of 15 strategies 9 strategies are used to solve the translation of drinks labels.
Next, the strategy that has been used frequently is Transposition strategy.
As mentioned in the analysis study, some terms of translation are considered to be
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translated in different strategies. As scientific reason, the result of the accuracy
and readability can be determined by the strategies applied in the translation.
As the final conclusion, the translations of drinks labels are accurate and
readable. The study finds that the translator mostly uses transposition strategy in
the translation of drinks. This indicates that to make the product label easily to be
understood and sound natural, the translator finds it to transpose the terms for
some products.
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BIBLIOGRAPHY
Bell, Roger T. Translation and Translating: Theory and Practice New York:Longman Inc. 1997.
Campbell, Stuart. Translation into the Second Language. New York: AddisonWesley Longman Inc, 1998.
Chesterman’s and Williams. The Map: A Beginner’s Guide to Doing Research inTranslation Studies. 2002.
Echols, John M. and Hasan Shadily. An English – Indonesian Dictionary. Jakarta:P.T. Gramedia, 1988.
“Grape Varieties”. Jancis Robinson Learn About Wine. Jancis Robinson. n.d.(http://www.jancisrobinson.com/learn/grape-varieties/white). February 26,2015.
Hornby, A. S. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford UniversityPress, 2007.
Kotler, Philip and Kevin Lane Keller. Marketing Management, 12th Edition. NewJersey: Pearson Education International, 2006.
Lengari, Yoana Gita Pradnya. “The accuracy, Acceptability, and TranslationStrategies of Indonesian Metaphors Translation in Twilight”. UndergraduateThesis. Yogyakarta: Sanata Dharma University. 2012.
Nababan, M. Rudolf. “Strategi Penilaian Kualitas terjemahan”, Jurnal LinguistikBahasa. Surakarta: Universitas Sebelas Maret. pp. 54-65
Nida, Eugine and Charles Taber. The Theory and Practice of Translation. Leiden:E.J. Brill. 1974.
Richards, Jack C. and Richard Schmidt. Longman dictionary of appliedlinguistics. London: Longman, 1985.
Sakri, Adjat. Bangun Kalimat Bahasa Indonesia. Bandung: Penerbit ITB, 1994.
Susanti, Evi. “Translation Accuracy based on the Translation Strategies inTranslating Names and Terms Related to Plant in Andrea Hirata’s LaskarPelangi into The Rainbow Troops”. Undergraduate Thesis. Yogyakarta:Sanata Dharma University. 2012.
Suryawinata, Zuchridin dan Sugeng Hariyanto. Translation: Bahasa Teori danPenuntun Praktis Menejermahkan. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Kanisius. 2003.
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APPENDICES
Appendix 1: Data of Imported Beverage Product Data
No Code Source Text Code Target Text
1 1/ST/DJ Keep Refrigerated 1/TT/DJSimpan di tempat
sejuk ±4°C
2 2/ST/JJ Orange juice drink 2/TT/JJMinuman Sari Buah
Jeruk
3 3/ST/JJ Mix fruit juice 3/TT/JJMinuman sari buah
campuran
4 4/ST/NBDelicious +Refreshing
4TT/NBEnak +
Menyegarkan
5 5/ST/NBContains milk and
juice drink5/TT/NB
Minumanmengandung susu
dan sari buah
6 6/ST/NB Source of Nutrients 6/TT/NB Sumber zat gizi
7 7/ST/GT Less Sugar 7TT/GT Rendah Gula
8 8/ST/YCReplenish Lost Fluids,Taste The Difference
8/TT/YCPengganti cairantubuh, rasakan
bedanya
9 9/ST/FT Green Tea Beverage 9/TT/FT Minuman Teh Hijau
10 10/ST/OSCranberry Juice
Cocktail10/ TT/OS
Minuman Sari BuahCranberry
11 11/ST/TTJ Real Orange Pulp 11/TT/TTJDengan Bulir Utuh
Buah Asli
12 12/ST/TTJ Real Pulp 12/TT/TTJ Bulir Buah Asli
13 13/ST/MM Rich in Vitamin C 13/TT/MM Kaya Vitamin C
14 14/ST/MMWith Real Orange
Pulp14/TT/MM
Dengan Bulir JerukAsli
15 15/ST/MMWith Real Aloe Vera
Bits15/TT/MM
Dengan PotonganLidah Buaya Asli
16 16/ST/MMWhite Grape FlavoredDrink with Aloe Vera
16/TT/MMMinuman RasaAnggur dengan
Lidah Buaya
17 17/ST/PK Green Tea Jasmine 17/TT/PKMinuman Teh Hijau
Aroma Melati
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Appendix 1: Data of Imported Beverage Product Data
18 18/ST/NJOrange Citroen Juice
Drink18/TT/NJ
Minuman Sari BuahJeruk
1919/ST/JF Green Guava drink
with pulp19/TT/JF
Minuman RasaJambu Biji
20 20/ST/JF Peach drink with pulp 20/TT/JFMinuman Sari buah
persik
21 21/ST/DL Fruit Cocktail 21/TT/DL Sari buah campuran
22 22/ST/DLFruit juices Apple,
Grape & Mixed Berry22/TT/DL
Sari buah campuranapel, anggur dan
berry
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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Appendix 2: Accuracy Questionnaire
Kuesioner Keakuratan
Dalam mengisi kuisoner ini, anda diharapkan membaca teliti terlebih
dahulu data – data yang telah disediakan dalam kolom tabel tersebut.
Responden dimohon bantuannya untuk mengisi kuesioner ini dengan memberi
tanda (√) dalam penilaian atas tingkat keakuratan penerjemahan ini yang
menggunakan skala 1 - 3 dengan indikator sebagai berikut:
Skala Indikator
1Maksud dari teks sumber tersampaikan secara akurat ke teks sasaran.Terjemahan dapat dimengerti secara jelas.
2Maksud dari teks sumber tersampaikan cukup akurat ke teks sasaran.Terjemahan dapat dimengerti, cenderung harafiah (diartikan hanyakata dengan kata).
3Maksud dari teks sumber tidak tersampaikan secara akurat ke tekssasaran. Ditunjukkan dengan adanya kesalahan terjemahan.
Anda juga dipersilahkan menambahkan catatan di tempat yang telah
disediakan jika diperlukan.
Kontribusi anda dalam penelitian ini sangat berarti bagi saya, oleh karena itu saya
ucapkan terimakasih banyak kepada anda yang telah bersedia mengisi kuesioner
ini.
Kepada responden yang terhormat,
Saya ucapkan terimakasih sebelumnya atas kesediaan anda untuk berpartisipasi
dalam penelitian saya sebagai salah satu responden,
Peneletian ini saya lakukan dalam rangka menyusun tugas akhir kuliah dengan
judul “THE INDONESIAN TRANSLATION OF TEA AND JUICE DRINKS LABELS: A STUDY ON THE ACCURACY, READABILITY AND STRATEGIES APPLIED”. Obyek penelitian ini adalah semua frasa atau kalimat
yang ada di label minuman tersebut.
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60
(Boleh diisi, boleh tidak)
Nama : .................................................................
Pekerjaan : .................................................................
No Code Source Text Code Target TextSkor
1 2 31 1/ST/DJ Keep Refrigerated 1/TT/DJ Simpan di tempat
sejuk ±4°C
Catatan:
2 2/ST/JJ Orange juicedrink
2/TT/JJ Minuman SariBuah Jeruk
Catatan:
3 3/ST/JJ Mix fruit juice 3/TT/JJ Minuman sari buahcampuran
Catatan:
4 4/ST/NB Delicious +Refreshing
4/TT/NB Enak +Menyegarkan
Catatan:
- Terimakasih-
Hormat saya,
Albertus Abi Galih Pratama,
No Induk Mahasiswa 104214033,
Jurusan Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra,
Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
61
Appendix 3: Readability’s Questionnaire
Kuesioner Keterbacaan
Dalam mengisi kuesioner ini, Saudara diharapkan membaca teliti terlebih
dahulu data – data yang telah disediakan dalam kolom tabel tersebut.
Responden dimohon bantuannya untuk mengisi kuesioner ini dengan memberi
tanda (√) dalam penilaian atas tingkat keterbacaan penerjemahan ini yang
menggunakan skala 1 - 3 dengan indikator sebagai berikut:
Skala Indikator1 Teksdapatdimengertidenganjelasdanmudaholeh para pengguna.2 Tekstidak begitu mudahdimengerti dan menimbulkan makna lain.3 Tekstidakdapatdimengerti.
Kontribusi Saudara dalam penelitian ini sangat berarti bagi saya, oleh karena itu
saya ucapkan terimakasih banyak kepada Saudara yang telah bersedia mengisi
kuesioner ini.
(Boleh diisi, boleh tidak)
Nama : .................................................................
Pekerjaan : .................................................................
Kepada responden yang terhormat,
Saya ucapkan terimakasih sebelumnya atas kesediaan anda untuk berpartisipasi
dalam penelitian saya sebagai salah satu responden,
Penelitian ini saya lakukan dalam rangka menyusun tugas akhir kuliah dengan
judul “THE INDONESIAN TRANSLATION OF TEA AND JUICE DRINKS
LABELS: A STUDY ON THE ACCURACY, READABILITY AND
STRATEGIES APPLIED”. Obyek penelitian ini adalah semua frasa atau kalimat
yang ada di label minuman tersebut.
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Code Target TextSkor Indikator
1 2 3
1/TT/DJ Simpan di tempat sejuk ±4°c
2/TT/JJ Minuman sari buah jeruk
3/TT/JJ Minuman sari buah campuran
4/TT/NB Enak + Menyegarkan
5/TT/NB Minuman mengandung susu dan sari buah
6/TT/NB Enak + menyegarkan
7/TT/NB Minuman mengandung susu dan sari buah
8/TT/NB Sumber zat gizi
- Terimakasih-
Hormat saya,
Albertus Abi Galih Pratama,
No Induk Mahasiswa 104214033,
Jurusan Sastra Inggris, Fakultas Sastra,
Universitas Sanata Dharma Yogyakarta.
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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Appendix 4: Pictures of Imported Beverage Product Data
1/ST/DJ 1/TT/DJ 2/ST/JJ 2/TT/JJ
3/ST/JJ 3/TT/JJ 4/ST/NB 4TT/NB
5/ST/JJ 5/TT/JJ 6/ST/NB 6/TT/NB
7/ST/GT 7/TT/GT 8/ST/YC 8/TT/YC
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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Appendix 4: Pictures of Imported Beverage Product Data
9/ST/FT 9/TT/FT 10/ST/OS 10/TT/OS
11/ST/TTJ 11/TT/TTJ 12/ST/TTJ 12/TT/TTJ
13/ST/MM 13/TT/MM 14/ST/MM 14/TT/MM
15/ST/MM 15/TT/MM 16/ST/MM 16/ TT/MM
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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Appendix 4: Pictures of Imported Beverage Product Data
17/ST/PK 17/TT/PK 18/ST/NJ 18/ST/NJ
19/ST/JF 19/TT/JF 20/ST/JF 20/TT/JF
21/ST/ DL 21/TT/DL 22/ST/ DL 22/TT/ DL
Appendix 5: The Result of Accuracy, Readability and TranslationStrategies Applied
Code
Acc
urat
e(1
–1.
6)Q
uite
Acc
urat
e(1
.7–
2.3)
Inac
cura
te(
2.4
–3)
Rea
dabl
e(1
–1.
6)Q
uite
Rea
dabl
e(1
.7–
2.3)
Not
Rea
dabl
e(
2.4
–3)
Translation StrategiesApplied
1/ST/DJ √ √ Addition (Structural andSemantic)
2/ST/JJ √ √ Transposition
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
66
3/ST/JJ √ √ Transposition andExpansion
4/ST/NB √ √ Synonym
5/ST/NB √ √ Transposition andSynonym
6/ST/NB √ √ Subtraction andSynonym
7/ST/GT √ √ Synonym
8/ST/YC √ √Addition (Structural and
Semantic), Synonym,and Omission
9/ST/FT √ √ Transposition andSynonym
10/ST/OS √ √Transposition,Transliteration,
Expansion, Omission
11/ST/TTJ √ √Addition structural,
Transposition, Synonym,Omission
12/ST/TTJ √ √ Transposition, Synonym,and Expansion
13/ST/MM √ √ Subtraction
14/ST/MM √ √ Transposition andSynonym
15/ST/MM √ √ Transposition
16/ST/MM √ √ Transposition andOmission
17/ST/PK √ √ Transposition andExpansion
18/ST/NJ √ √ Transposition andOmission
19/ST/JF √ √ Transposition, Omissionand Expansion
20/ST/JF √ √ Transposition, Additionand Omission
21/ST/DL √ √ Transposition, Additionand Omission
22/ST/DL √ √Transposition,
Naturalization, Additionand Omission
PLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJIPLAGIAT MERUPAKAN TINDAKAN TIDAK TERPUJI
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