Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 1 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 2 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 4 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
ENVIRONMENT METEOCEAN GEOHAZARDS GEOTECHNICS P
HA
SE
1
DESK STUDY
3D EXPLO
DESK STUDY
3D EXPLO DESK STUDY
LARGE SCALE / REGIONAL ASSESSMENT
NEW SURVEY NEEDED ?
DESK STUDY
PH
AS
E 2
METEOCEAN SURVEY
ENVIRONMENT. BASELINE SURVEY
HR SURVEYS SEABED SAMPLING
ONE CAMPAIGN ONE SURVEY
EIA & DESIGN PARAMETERS ASSESSMENT ON FOCUSED AREA
RESULTS REVIEWED WITH PROJECT TEAM
PH
AS
E 3
PRELIMINARY DRILLING / DEVELOPMENT
GEOTECH. SURVEY EIA LOCATION ASSESSMENT
FINAL SITE ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATION
methodology
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 5 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Comparative figure of various environmental conditions
Source: OTC paper 22161 / OTC Arctic Technology Conference / Houston 2011
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 6 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Typical – Iceberg Management Techniques
Source: OTC paper 22103 / OTC Arctic Technology Conference / Houston 2011
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 8 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Sakhalin 1 Project
“Orlan platform”
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 9 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
ENVIRONMENT METEOCEAN GEOHAZARDS GEOTECHNICS P
HA
SE
1
DESK STUDY
3D EXPLO
DESK STUDY
3D EXPLO DESK STUDY
LARGE SCALE / REGIONAL ASSESSMENT
NEW SURVEY NEEDED ?
DESK STUDY
PH
AS
E 2
METEOCEAN SURVEY
ENVIRONMENT. BASELINE SURVEY
HR SURVEYS SEABED SAMPLING
ONE CAMPAIGN ONE SURVEY
EIA & DESIGN PARAMETERS ASSESSMENT ON FOCUSED AREA
RESULTS REVIEWED WITH PROJECT TEAM
PH
AS
E 3
PRELIMINARY DRILLING / DEVELOPMENT
GEOTECH. SURVEY EIA LOCATION ASSESSMENT
FINAL SITE ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATION
methodology
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 10 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Meteo-oceano survey
As relevant, a meteo-oceano survey includes ….
- waves, swell, tides data on the location,
- winds data
- currents data.
Data can be available and purchased nearby Administration of the Country or
the Company (the Operator) must plan and perform such data acquisition
ample time in advance.
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 11 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
100 year Extremes K1 K2 K3 K4 K5
Hurricane Winter Loop/Eddy Run-Off Submerged
Max. Wave Storm Current Current Current
Waves
Hs (m) 12,7 7,6 3,6 4,3
Tp (s) 14,9 12,5 10 9,2
Hmax (m) 21,5 13,7 6,4 7,9
Thmax (s) 13,4 11,4 9 8,1
Dir. (°N / from) 155 110 87.5 - 177.5 110
Wind
Speed (m/s -1hr) 39,9 22,9 14,0 17,0
Dir. (°N / from) 155 110 87.5 - 177.5 110
Current (m/s)
0 m 1,3 0,5 1,74 1,25 0,26
30 m 1,3 0,5 1,72 1,25 0,26
60 m 1,3 0,5 1,70 1,25 0,26
75 m 0,6 0,5 1,66 1,25 0,26
90 m 0 0 1,62 1,25 0,26
100 m 0 0 1,60 1,25 0,26
King's Peak design criteria
EXAMPLE OF METEOCEAN DESIGN CRITERIA
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 12 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
METEOCEAN SURVEY
WATER COLUMN CURRENT PROFILE (ADCP) (to identify solitons, …) SALINITY, TEMPERATURE METEOCEAN CRITERIA FOR DRILLING RISER DESIGN
GOM & Gabon - Extreme Current Profiles
0 m
500 m
1000 m
1500 m
2000 m
2500 m
3000 m
0 0,5 1 1,5 2 2,5
Current Speed (m/s)
De
pth
K3
K4
K5
C2
C3
G1
ACDP (Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler)
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 13 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Meteo-oceano survey
A meteo-oceano survey will be necessary and/or is compulsory, for ….
- the selection of the MODU
- the conduct of drilling operations;
More, permanent weather forecasts are necessary in difficult areas/rough seas
- for the safety of the operations,
- for the efficiency of the operations
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 14 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Main use of meteo-oceano surveys
A meteo-oceano survey and, as relevant, permanent weather forecasts will be
necessary and/or is compulsory, for ….
- - the selection of the MODU (sea behaviour of MODU to wave amplitudes
& frequencies, )
- - the conduct of drilling operations including ….
- monitoring of WOW (Waiting On Weather) periods,
- safety (stability of the JU, evacuation of personnel, efficiency of anchors, ….),
- rig orientation on location,
- moving periods,
- anchoring operations,
- running of CP or BOP and riser,
- crane operations,
- DST periods,
- logistics: supplies for the rig, helicopter flights ….
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 15 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
DW floaters: Relative heave motion response vs. Wave period
Source: TOTAL Offshore Reference Book
RIG SIZING AND SELECTION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 16 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
ENVIRONMENT METEOCEAN GEOHAZARDS GEOTECHNICS P
HA
SE
1
DESK STUDY
3D EXPLO
DESK STUDY
3D EXPLO DESK STUDY
LARGE SCALE / REGIONAL ASSESSMENT
NEW SURVEY NEEDED ?
DESK STUDY
PH
AS
E 2
METEOCEAN SURVEY
ENVIRONMENT. BASELINE SURVEY
HR SURVEYS SEABED SAMPLING
ONE CAMPAIGN ONE SURVEY
EIA & DESIGN PARAMETERS ASSESSMENT ON FOCUSED AREA
RESULTS REVIEWED WITH PROJECT TEAM
PH
AS
E 3
PRELIMINARY DRILLING / DEVELOPMENT
GEOTECH. SURVEY EIA LOCATION ASSESSMENT
FINAL SITE ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATION
methodology
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 17 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
LOOP
CURRENTS
UNDERWATER
CURRENTS
CARBONATES
DIAPIR
POCKMARKS
MUD VOLCANOES
UNSTABLE
SEDIMENTS
SLIDING
SEDIMENTS
FAULTS SHALLOW
WATER SANDS
SHALLOW
GAS
CURRENTS
DEEPWATER – MAIN GEOHAZARDS
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 18 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Main use of site surveys
Site surveys will be necessary and/or is compulsory, for ….
- - Shallow gas hazards identification (onshore and offshore)
- - Presence of hydrates
- - Obstruction on sea bed (pipes, wrecks, …)
- - Rig station keeping studies (anchoring)
- - Preparation of procedures to install a Conductor Pipe (CP), a wellhead or
to drill the top-hole section of a well,
- - A requirement from Insurance Companies.
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 19 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 20 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
ROV --- AUV --- SWIMMER
ROV: (Remote Operated Vehicle)
for underwater works; widely used in support of offshore drilling activities;
rental daily rate: (approx) 4000 $/d)
- main system components: TMS (Tether Management System)
+ tether (= ombilical)
+ ROV (Remote Operated Vehicle).
AUV : (Autonomous Underwater Vehicle)
for survey works (video inspection, …) on pipelines
SWIMMER : R&D development stage
- for underwater surveys + works
- main system components:
docking station (to “park” AUV + ROV)
+ AUV (to support the ROV)
+ ROV linked to the AUV with a tether)
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 21 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
GEOTECHNICAL,GEOCHEMICAL, SEDIMENTOLOGY DATA ANALYSIS (SEABED SAMPLING, SURFACE SURVEY)
PENETROMETER (TO SET SENSORS TO 30/40m IN 6000m WD) ROV SEABED SURVEY
GEOHAZARDS
FROM 3D EXPLO SEISMIC (SHORT OFFSET TO 400M) FROM HR ,VHR, UHR SEISMIC
Ifremer ROV Victor 6000 seabed survey Multi beams side scan sonar seabed survey
Ifremer Penfeld penetrometer
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 22 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
1500
m
GIANT POCKMARK
CARBONATE MOUNTS
FLUID ESCAPE
CHANNEL
STRUCTURAL LINEAMENT
Hydrates in sediments
BSR
(HYDRATES)
400 m
* BSR = Bright Spot Reflector
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 23 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 24 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
ENVIRONMENT METEOCEAN GEOHAZARDS GEOTECHNICS P
HA
SE
1
DESK STUDY
3D EXPLO
DESK STUDY
3D EXPLO DESK STUDY
LARGE SCALE / REGIONAL ASSESSMENT
NEW SURVEY NEEDED ?
DESK STUDY
PH
AS
E 2
METEOCEAN SURVEY
ENVIRONMENT. BASELINE SURVEY
HR SURVEYS SEABED SAMPLING
ONE CAMPAIGN ONE SURVEY
EIA & DESIGN PARAMETERS ASSESSMENT ON FOCUSED AREA
RESULTS REVIEWED WITH PROJECT TEAM
PH
AS
E 3
PRELIMINARY DRILLING / DEVELOPMENT
GEOTECH. SURVEY EIA LOCATION ASSESSMENT
FINAL SITE ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATION
methodology
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 25 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
GEOTECHNICAL DATA & REPORT
Soil investigation is essential for the design of any offshore structure, because
it is the soil that ultimately resists the enormous forces and moments present in
the piling, at the bottom of the ocean, created by the presence of platforms.
The soil can be boulders, clay, sand, silt, or a mixture of these.
Each project must acquire a site-specific soil report showing the soil stratification
and its characteristics for load bearing in tension and compression, shear
resistance, and load-deflection characteristics of axially and laterally loaded piles.
This type of report is developed by doing soil borings at the desired location, and
then performing in-situ and laboratory tests in order to develop data usable to the
platform or equipment design /selection by the drilling engineer.
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 26 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Seabed survey
As relevant, a seabed survey includes ….
- a bathymetry survey to identify any obstacles on the seabed (rocks,
wrecks, ….) or irregularities of the sea bottom (side scan sonar)
- a “geotechnic” (rock mechanism) survey
- to identify shallow formation lithology (clay, sand, shale …)
- to estimate soil cohesion vs. depths *
- a Seismic High Resolution (0 to approx 500m / Ref to surface casings
setting depths) to evaluate drilling hazards due to shallow gas.
( * e.g. evaluation of JU-leg penetration on the drilling site)
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 27 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Soil survey (for JU-leg anticipated
penetration)
Very good fondation Good fondation Hazardeous fondation
Shales are more
and more compacted
Sand layer is
enough thick
pen
etr
ati
on
A Anticipated penetration
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 28 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Soil survey (for JU-leg anticipated
penetration)
Thick shale
layer
A Anticipated penetration
JU on a non-
secured
fondation
Maxi penetration
allowed 20m
Forbidden
location
e.g. thick clay layer
on compacted
shales
p
en
etr
ati
on
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 29 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Soil survey (for JU-leg anticipated
penetration)
Cu* (being measured) vs depth ….
then,
-- The loading capacity of the
formation can be calculated,
and,
-- Leg penetration can be estimated
(Cu = Shale cohesion coefficient)
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 30 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
SOIL SURVEY FOR JACK-UP INSTALLATION
Mat supported – slot type
For very soft seabed formation
and flat sea bottom
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 31 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
SOIL SURVEY FOR JACK-UP INSTALLATION
Spud can
D =
1 t
o 2
m
D =
10
to
20
m
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 32 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
SOIL SURVEY FOR JACK-UP
INSTALLATION
Jetting system
(for retrieving JU-leg out of
its foot print)
Spud can Nozzles for jetting system
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 33 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
SOIL SURVEY FOR
ANCHORING PATTERN
for a semi-submersible
WD on location: 115m
Chain length out: 1200m
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 34 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Suction anchors are used in ultra-deepwater for
systems requiring taut or semi-taut preset mooring
systems.
This system uses a suction caisson as the anchor.
The caisson is cylindrical in shape with the bottom
end open. Embedment of the anchor is
accomplished by using an ROV to pump water out
of the top of the caisson until it is fully penetrated
into the seabed. The process is simply reversed to
recover the anchor.
Advantage of the suction anchor mooring system
-- anchor's ability to hold at higher uplift angles, thereby
reducing the circumference of the mooring pattern
-- suction anchor system provides excellentperformance
in ultra-deepwater and allows a platform to significantly
extend its water depth capability.
-- another significant advantages of the suction anchor
is the ability to target an exact location, its soil-holding
properties,
-- it reduce the weight of the mooring leg on the rig.
Suction anchor mooring system
ENVIRONMENTAL DATA ACQUISITION
Presentation JB – AG – JCN – JR 35 NOT TO COPY -- NO DISSEMINATE WITHOUT WRITTEN AGREEMENT
Slides were prepared for presentation and information to Students of Schools and Universities only.
References
Slides presented were prepared with illustrations from the following referenced documents:
- API Standards and Recommended Practices,
- Neal J. Adams, Drilling Engineering , PennWell Books, Tulsa, Oklahoma, 1985,
- (Halliburton) - Petroleum Well Construction – J Willey & Sons
- Miscellaneous books from “Chambre Syndicale de la Recherche et de la Production du Pétrole et du gaz naturel”
- IFP Drilling data handbook
- Miscellaneous documentation from TOTAL Drilling Division
- Halliburton Completion Services
- Miscellaneous books from IFP
- Leading Edge Advantage Ltd (Under Balance Drilling).
- Miscellaneous documentation from web-sites: O&GJ, World Oil, SPE
- Transocean, Saipem, Pride Drilling Contractors
- Baker Hughes, Schlumberger, Weatherford, Wild Well Control Service Companies
- Cameron, Hydril, Companies.
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