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Grape (Vitis vinifera L.) vine is grown in West and South India
especially in Maharashtra and Andhra Pradesh, to a great extent.
The varieties gowns are Anab-e- Shahi and Thomson Seedless.
The grapes are grown on different training systems depending
upon the varieties and the purpose for which they are grown.
These different systems allow the growth of various types of
weeds
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Introduction
In Bower system,soon after pruning of grapes, there is lot of sunshine
underneath which allows the growth of cyperus rotundus and Oxalis
corniculata.
After sometime, the vegetative growth of grape increases and shades
the underneath space with result Polygon plebejum, Euphorbia
geniculata, Amaranthus viridis, Portiulaca oleracea, Oxalis sp. And
Mullugo pentaphylla among dicots and Digitaria marginata, Eleusine
indica, and Setaria glauca among monocots come up.
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Weed control methods Control of weeds in grape is very important to maintain the yield and
quality levels as it is a commercially important crop.
The Different weed control methods are as follows
Hand weeding
Mechanical method
Mulching
Cover cropping
Chemical weed control
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Hand weeding
Euphorbia geniculata and E. hirta, which appear as
major weeds, carry fungal and insect pests and act as
alternative hosts.
They use khurpi, a small hand operated implement, to remove the weeds.
The usual method of weed control in manual by employing women labour.
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Mechanical method
In mechanical method of weed control by using bullock drawn
implement is very common in Maharashtra.
But in young orchards, the root system
of grape being shallow, mechanical
methods using machinery becomes
difficult.
In scientific orchard management,
motor run tractors and power trillers
are used to cultivate the inter rows of
grape.
In such cases, usage of spade
for hoeing is preferred.Previous Next End
In scientific orchard management, motor run tractors
and power trillers are used to cultivate the inter rows of
grape.
In such cases, usage of spade for hoeing is preferred.
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Mulching
Mulching with inorganic materials like black polythene
film and organic materials like sarkanda, wheat and rice
straw, sugar cane trash, dried leaves and saw dust have
been advocated for conserving soil moisture and
fostering rapid growth of plants.
Sarkanda was found to be the best
mulch for grape in Punjab and black
polythene in Tamil Nadu.
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Cover cropping
The general cover crops grown in grape orchards are :
French beans
Cucurbits
Sun hemp and
Mung
Cowpea
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Chemical weed control
Chemical weed control using herbicides has been tried in grape
by several workers.
These worker have used either simazine, atrazine, diuron,
dalapon, oxyfluronfen, paraquat, or glyphosate.
Except paraquat and glyphosate, which were used as post-
emergent sprays, all other herbicides were used pre-emergent to
weeds.
Cont….
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One spray of atrazine or simazine or diuron at 2.0 kg a.i./ha as
pre-emergent spray followed after six months by two post-emergent
sprays of parquat at 2.0 kg a.i./ha at three monthly intervals for grape
cv. Banglore Blue.
Oxyflurofen at 1.0 kg a.i./ha as pre-emergence spray and glyphosate
at 3.0 kg a.i./has post-emergence spray proved very effective for
controlling weeds for four and six months respectively in grape cv.
Anab-e-Shahi.
Herbicides in mulched vineyards have also been tried successfully.
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