Federal AviationAdministrationNexGen Burner for
Seat Cushion Fire Testing
International Aircraft Materials Fire Test Working GroupJune 18, 2009Köln, Germany
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany2Federal Aviation
Administration
Outline
• Background• Objective• NexGen Burner Configuration• Results• Future Work
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany3Federal Aviation
Administration
Background
• Lack of availability of burners for seat cushion fire testing has resulted in the need for a readily available, equivalent burner
• The NexGen burner has already been found to provide equivalent results to the Park burner for thermal acoustic insulation burnthrough testing
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany4Federal Aviation
Administration
Objective
• Configure a NexGen burner to achieve the calibration standards set in chapter 7 of the Aircraft Materials Fire Test Handbook– Fuel flow rate of 2.0 gph ± 0.1 gph– Equivalent to an inlet air flow of 67 ± 4 cfm– 30-second average heat flux of at least 10 BTU/ft2s– Flame temperatures of at least 1800°F on 5 of 7
thermocouples and at least 1750°F on at most 2 thermocouples
– 30-second average of 7 thermocouples at least 1800°F
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany5Federal Aviation
Administration
Equivalent Air Flow RateInlet Air Flow:
67 cfm ≈ 1800 fpm in 2.625 in2 air flow meter (HH30)
Exit Air Flow ~ 1600 fpmResulting Sonic Choke Inlet Pressure:47 psig
Note: Exit flow measurements taken with turbulator on
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany6Federal Aviation
Administration
Fuel Flow Rate
• Fuel flow rate is dictated by – Specific nozzle used– Inlet fuel pressure– Fuel viscosity
• Several nozzle types were attempted– R: Solid– NS: Hollow– AR: Special Solid– PLP: Semi Solid
www.monarchnozzles.com
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany7Federal Aviation
Administration
Average Flame Temperature – 2.25 80° PLP
1400
1500
1600
1700
1800
1900
2000
0 30 60 90 120 150 180 210 240 270 300 330 360Stator Clocking, Degrees
Ave
rage
Fla
me
Tem
pera
ture
, F
4 1/8" 3 9/16"
4 9/16" 3 1/16"
Nozzle Tip to Stator Face
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany8Federal Aviation
Administration
Final NexGen Burner Settings• Fuel Nozzle
– 2.25 gph-rated 80° AR @ 114 psig → 2.04 gph
• Stator Distance– 3 1/16” back from nozzle tip
• Stator Clocking– Approximately 262° from
vertical• Air Flow
– Sonic choke inlet pressure = 47 psig → 1600 fpm exit velocity
Stator Clocking Measurement Example
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany9Federal Aviation
Administration
18841874
1900
18711863
1855
1792
1874
1844
1830
1767
1854
1839
1868
1848
1780
1700
1750
1800
1850
1900
1950
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 AVGThermocouple
Tem
pera
ture
, F
PARKNEXGEN
Measured Flame Temperatures
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany10Federal Aviation
Administration
Measured Heat Flux
11.26 11.28
0
5
10
15
NEXGEN BURNER PARK BURNER
Hea
t Flu
x, B
TU/ft
2 s
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany11Federal Aviation
Administration
Seat Testing
• Sample sets were obtained from the conditioning chamber– 3 sets of bottoms and backs for each burner– Cushions had fire blocking layers
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany12Federal Aviation
Administration
Seat Cushion Testing – NexGen
14.14
11.11
10
11.75
18.24
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Seat 1 Seat 2 Seat 3 Avg %SD
Perc
ent W
eigh
t Los
s
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany13Federal Aviation
Administration
Seat Cushion Testing – Park
8.91 9 8.96
0.71
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
Seat 1 Seat 2 Seat 3 Avg %SD
Perc
ent W
eigh
t Los
s
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany14Federal Aviation
Administration
Comparison
11.75
18.24
8.96
0.71
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Avg %SD
Perc
ent W
eigh
t Los
s
NexGenPark
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany15Federal Aviation
Administration
Summary
• After much trial and error testing, the NexGen burner was able to achieve burner calibration according to the specifications in chapter 7 of the Aircraft Materials Fire Test Handbook
• The NexGen burner results showed inconsistency when compared to the Park
• Despite having a slightly lower flame temperature, the NexGen burner consistenly produced higher % mass loss than the Park
NexGen Burner for Seat Cushion Fire Testing
IAMFTWG, Köln, Germany16Federal Aviation
Administration
Future Work
• Laboratory needs some work– Fume hood velocity needs to be adjusted– Scale needs to be properly configured and more
rigidly mounted• More comparative testing
– More testing needs to be done in order to determine burner performance
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