Mutual Accountability
The PRS approach/ Paris Declaration and the Africa Partnership Forum
Donor Commitments Instruments for Transparency & Enforcement Third Party Assessments
Presentation by Fletcher Tembo, WV UK at ODI Workshop on Southern Voices for Change in the International Aid System,
held at ODI office, London
15th November, 2005
Overview
• The PRS- Paris Approach
• Mutual accountability framework (World Vision, UK study)
• Mutual accountability framework (the World Bank 2005 review of the PRS)
• Issues/ ways forward
• The Case of the Africa Partnership Forum/ Africa Peer Review Mechanism
The PRS- Paris Declaration approach to mutual accountability
• Argument: a) offers a strong signal for country ownership and donor coordination/ harmonisation (b) the pooling effect on donors e.g 4th Pillar in the World Bank’s new Strategic Framework for Assistance to Africa (c) gives a chance to pursue multiple forms of accountability.
Mutual Accountability : definitional issues
• Mutual accountability
• “when two or more parties have shared development goals, in which each has legitimate claim that the other is responsible for fulfilling, and where each may be required to explain how they have discharged their responsibilities and be sanctioned if they fail to deliver” DFID’s definition, cited in de Renzio et al, draft paper for this workshop, emphasis mine.
Donor Commitments Instruments for Transparency & Enforcement Third Party Assessments
Private sector
Who ‘owns’ what? Who is accountable to whom?
CITIZENS
EXTERNAL CONSTITUENCY
DOMESTIC CONSTITUENCY
DONOR AGENCY
GOVERNMENT
Children, women, poor
families
Parliament
Civil Society
Parliament
Civil Society
PRS CYCLE- Policy- Budget- Aid flows - Trade strategies
From conditionality to mutual accountability
From consultation to influence and accountability
Traditional institutions
media
Decentralised govt
Decentralised donor agencies
Adopted from de Renzio
media
Mutual accountabilitySource: Presentation by Linda Van Gelder and Elliot Harris of WB/IMF, based on 2005 PRS Review
(Trade)
Overview Balancing Accountabilities Scaling Up Results
PRSP
Domestic Constituents
External Actors
Institution and capacity building agenda
Analytic Underpinnings
Participation
more aid
predictable
harmonized aligned
Government
Polices,Programs,Public actions
Poverty- and results-oriented
Well-implemented
Some factors that can tilt the balanceSource: Presentation by Linda Van Gelder and Elliot Harris at WB/IMF annual meetings, based on 2005 PRS Review
Overview Balancing Accountabilities Scaling Up Results
PRSP
Domestic Constituents
External Actors
Analytic Underpinnings
more aid
predictable
harmonized aligned
Institution and capacity building agenda
Lack of prioritization and specificity
Limits on policy space
Volume and modalities of assistance
Conditionality
institutionalizedparticipation:who, when, how, what
effective monitoring
links tobudgets
Government
Polices,Programs,Public actions
Poverty- and results-oriented
Well-implemented
(Re-) Balancing accountabilitiesSource: Presentation by Linda Van Gelder and Elliot Harris at WB/IMF annual meetings, based on 2005 PRS Review
Overview Balancing Accountabilities Scaling Up Results
PRSP
Domestic Constituents
External Actors
Analytic Underpinnings
Government
Polices,Programs,Public actions
Poverty- and results-oriented
Well-implemented
more aid
predictable
harmonized aligned
Institution and capacity building agenda
effective monitoring
institutionalized
participation:who, when,how, what
Aid modalities that support domestic accountability
Greater prioritization and specificity
links tobudgets
PRSP
Domestic Constituents
External Actors
Analytic Underpinnings
Government
Polices,Programs,Public actions
Poverty- and results-oriented
Well-implemented
more aid
predictable
harmonized aligned
Institution and capacity building agenda
effective monitoring
institutionalized
participation:who, when,how, what
Aid modalities that support domestic accountability
Greater prioritization and specificity
links tobudgets
Issues from Zambia and Bolivia case studies/ Ways forward
• Institutionalisation of participation of civil society/ dealing with the question of legitimacy?
• From systems to support mechanisms that enhance voice/transparency/exit (Paris agenda) e.g. Zambia
• Harmonisation of agendas/ development cooperation then instruments
PEMFA Joint Technical Working Group
Mining Working Group
Agriculture Working Group
Joint Country Assistance
Strategy Working Group
Donor Sector/Thematic Working Groups
Six monthly Sector/Thematic Group Meeting
Private Sector
Development Forum
Aid Management Steering Committee
Consultative Group (CG) Meeting
Examples of Sector/Thematic Groups
Quarterly Minister of Finance Meetings
Aid Management Technical Committee
GRZ GRZ/DONORS DONORS
Public Expenditure Review
Permanent
Cabinet Aid Coordination Committee
Donor Coordination Meeting
Ambassadors' Donor Group
AID COORDINATIONSECRETARIAT
Government-Donor Coordination in ZambiaSource: Mwanawina, I (2005): Assessment of aid mgt capacity in Zambia
Issues/ ways forward
• Unless the PRS process is mainstreamed, it cannot drive mutual accountability, in which case it is not just capacity building/ address political interfaces
• Enforcement through both horizontal and vertical means (appropriate discourse of development) bearing in mind political economy issues
• Opening up the macro-economic policy & PSIA debate re: national participatory processes should be a priority
The Case of the Africa Partnership Forum
• To undertake mutual review of progress on commitments to the implementation of the NEPAD programmes and to determine what high level political interventions may be necessary– Implementation of NEPAD projects– Speeding up the APRM– Donor side commitments
Africa Partnership Forum • Issues
– Forum for specific NEPAD projects, could this mean less monitoring of donor commitments to specific African countries. National PRS subordinated, “ - - - to speed up the integration of NEPAD indicative plans into national development programmes and/or PRSPs to enable realisation of MDGs” Nuhlu, 2005 p.15.
– CSO monitoring through gender and CSO Unit, available space but is there danger of cooption?
• Possible solutions – NEPAD should remain a think-tank and de-linked from
watch-dog roles, African Monitor proposal, shadowing of the APF
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