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IJSRD - International Journal for Scientific Research & Development| Vol. 8, Issue 2, 2020 | ISSN (online): 2321-0613

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Mitigation of Source Current Harmonics with Shunt Active Power Line

Conditioner in Distribution System

Pujari Anusha

Assistant Professor

Department of Electrical & Electronics Engineering

G. Pullaiah College of Engineering and Technology, Kurnool, A.P. India

Abstract— In a power framework, the source flows are

influenced by the harmonics, which are introduced due with

non-linearity or unbalance of loads. To relieve these

harmonics custom power gadgets can be utilized. D-

STATCOM is about as a shunt dynamic electrical power

conditioner for power quality improvement, for example,

current harmonics, Power factor control and reactive power

compensation. This article introduces an active shunt power

filter that decreases present harmonics and compares the

efficiency of the standard PI controller with the intelligent controller. It is noted that the efficiency of the shunt active

power filter is superior with the use of the active-reactive

energy theory using the fuzzy logic controller for indirect

present control. The general performance is simulated with

the MATLAB / SIMULINK simulation software.

Keywords: Hysteresis current controller (HCC), real and

reactive power controller (P-Q), Renewable energy sources

(RES), Distribution static synchronous compensator (D-

STATCOM), Shunt active power line conditioner (SAPLC)

I. INTRODUCTION

Connection of the traditional electrical utility networks with

renewable energy sources like PV, wind, diesel engine, fuel

cell etc., has bring a series of new challenges to PQ. The

major research topic in the power distribution system is to

improve the PQ. For mitigating, eliminating or reducing

these effects, active and passive filters are used. Passive

energy filters (PPF) have many disadvantages, such as their

failure to compensate for random harmonic present

variation; they are intended solely for a particular frequency and the chance of point of common coupling (PCC)

resonance, tuning issues and filter overload. The other

drawback of PPFs is that bulky components are the sizes of

the necessary components. The effectiveness of renewable

power systems is enhanced by many study attempts. APFs

have become the most efficient solution to eliminate

harmonic emissions in energy systems and have attracted a

great deal of attention due to their benefits (i) Capability to

offset variable currents at random. (ii) Good monitoring and

rapid response to system differences. (iii) High precision of

control. APFs therefore appear to be a feasible solution for managing issues associated with harmonics. In practice, the

APF injects compensation currents at the PCC into the AC

lines equal but inverse directional distortion as well as

absorbing or producing reactive power, eliminating

unwanted harmonics and compensating for the reactive

power of the linked load. And for the control system

nowadays, the fuzzy interface scheme is regarded a

dominant part to replace other controllers like this. Fuzzy

controller replaces the binary system due to its output

method. This affects the use of the fuzzy system to decrease

harmonics and unbalance and reactive power compensation

in a power filter control. The primary goal of the work is to

explore the Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) under

nonlinear load conditions and unbalanced load situation

using Fuzzy Controller's hysteresis present controller with

control algorithm based on "The Instant Active and Reactive

Power Theory (The P-q Theory)" which operates under a

closed loop control scheme. The primary goals of the work

are to compensate existing harmonics for both non-linear

load and unbalanced load in the Power System, compensate

Reactive Power and improve the Power Factor.

II. SOLAR PV CELL

The cell also has on top of the silicon an anti-reflective

coating to maximize the use of photons that hit the cell.

Silver conductor strips for transfer of energy, joined by glass

at the top of the cell to protect against the components. The

lowest recorded efficiency for terrestrial solar cells today is

around 28%, which is comparatively small; however, Shockley and Quissier indicated a single silicon cell's peak

efficiency is only 31%. The single-diode model equivalent

circuit shown in Fig.1 and Single-cell equivalent circuit. A

solar cell's single diode model has present parallel source

with an inverted diode along with a series and parallel

resistance. The series resistance is due to obstruction in the

path of flow of electrons from n-p intersection and leakge

current causes parallel resistance. A PV modules

performance characteristics on the PV modules solar

insulation, cell temparetur and output voltage. Eq. (1)-(6).

Fig. 2: Equivalent circuit diagram of PV cell [1]

Equations to solar PV cell circuit

I = IPh − ID − ISh (1)

Iph = Iscr + k ∗ (T − Tr) ∗𝑆

100 (2)

ID = Io ∗ exp (q∗v

k∗T−1) (3)

Io = Irr ∗ (T

Tr)

3

∗ e(

q∗Eg

k∗A∗

1

Tr−

1

T) (4)

I = NP ∗ IPh − NP ∗ Io ∗ e(

q

k∗T∗A∗

V

NS−1)

(5)

V = [log (NP∗IPh−I

NP∗Io) + 1] ∗ [

K∗T∗A∗NS

q] (6)

Where, Iph = light generated current, ID = Diode

saturation current, Irs = Reverse saturation current, Ipv =

Output current of PV-cell.

Mitigation of Source Current Harmonics with Shunt Active Power Line Conditioner in Distribution System

(IJSRD/Vol. 8/Issue 2/2020/013)


III. INTELLIGENT COLTROLLER

Fuzzy logic control is based on fuzzy set theory; launched in

1965 by Zadeh. The transition between membership and

non-membership function is in the fuzzy set theory notion.

Limits or borders of fuzzy sets are therefore undefined and

ambiguous but helpful in the design of approximating

schemes. To introduce an active power line conditioner's

intelligent control algorithm in a closed loop, The voltage of

the dc-link condenser is felt and compared to the required

reference value. The error signal (e(v) Vdc ref Vdc) moves

through a low pass filter from Butterworth which enables only the basic element. As shown in figure, the voltage error

signal e(n) and the error signal shift ce(n) are used as inputs

for blurred processing. The output of the fluid logic

controller estimates the maximum reference current Imax

magnitude

Fig. 3.1: Schematic diagram of the intelligent controller.

Fig. 3.2: (a) Variables of input e (n), ce (n) and (b) Output

variable Imax

The Rule base stores the linguistic (fuzzy) control

rules required by the rule evaluator (decision making logic),

and the 49-rules used are shown in Table.

Table 3.1: Rule base table using 25-rules

IV. SIMULATION RESULTS AND OUTPUTS

Fig. 4: Simulation diagram for SAPLC with PV system using PI controller.

Fig. 4.1: (a) Output waveform for source current with PV

system using PI controller.

Fig. 4.1: (b) Filter current output waveform using PV with

PI.

Fig. 4.1:(c) Reactive power output waveform using PV with

PI.




Fig. 4.1: (d) power factor output waveform using PV with

PI.

Fig. 4.1: (e) THD calculation for source current.

The above simulink model of PV system with

SAPLC using PI controller calculating the THD values and

reactive power compensation, power factor. Uing pi

controller with Pv system the thd value is 5.11% to reduce

the THD values using fuzzy logic controller.

The simulink model for SAPLC with PV system using fuzzy logic controller to mitigate the source current

harmonics in below fig.4.2.

Fig. 4.2: Simulation diagram of PV system using intelligent

controller.

Fig. 4.2: (a) Source current output waveform using PV with

fuzzy controller.

Fig. 4.2: (b) Filter current output waveform using PV with

FLC.

Fig. 4.2: (c) Output waveform reactive power using PV with

FLC.

Fig. 4.2: (d) Output waveform power factor using PV with

FLC.




Fig. 4.2: (e) THD calculation for source current.

Using the fuzzy logic controller the harmonics are

reduced 5.11% to 2.82% and power factor will be

maintained nearly unity power factor, compare to pi

controller fuzzy is more robust and speed of operation is

high.

V. CONCLUSION

The mathematical modelling analysed and also the current

harmonics are reduced in distribution system usingD-

STATCOM, and compensating the reactive power

comparing the THD values using PI controller improve the

power factor. Total harmonic distortion is reduced 26.11%

to 2.82% using distributed static synchronous compensator,

and comparing the PI and FUZZY controller the fuzzy controller is better and robust controller copamre to pi

controller. The fuzzy controller is speed of operation is more

and update the each cycle.

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