Methyl Bromide Alternatives For Nutsedge In Pepper
A. S. Culpepper & D. B. LangstonUniversity of Georgia
Purple and Yellow Nutsedges:
Primary Weeds in a Plasticulture System
Methyl Bromide Status
Production 1999 = 25% reduction
2001 = 25% reduction
2003 = 20% reduction
2005 = gone(reduce methyl bromide ai over time)
Methyl Bromide Critical Use Exemption
CUE’s
1. Pepper
2. Eggplant
3. Squash
4. Tomato
5. Melon
6. Cucumber
Objectives
1. Compare fumigant by herbicide options for the control of nutsedge
2. What impact does VIF film have as compared to LDPE
Fall 2003
*
Location
Methods: Objective 1
Plot size: 6 by 35 feet; 32” bedtop
Design: RCB
Reps: 3
Treatment: Factorial2 nutsedge species2 herbicide systems7 fumigant options
Plastic: LDPE
Herbicide and Nutsedge Options
Nutsedge species:
yellow
purple
Herbicide systems
None
Command 1 qt + Devrinol 3 lb + Dual 1.1 pt
Fumigant Rates*
1. Methyl Bromide (400 lb/A of 67:33)
2. Telone II fb KPAM (12 gal fb 102 gal)
3. Telone II fb Pic (12 gal fb 150 lb)
4. Telone C35 fb Pic (35 gal fb 150 lb)
5. MIDAS (175 lb of 98:2)
6. Inline – two drip lines (35 gal)
7. None*Rates are per treated acre.
Application of T2 and C35
rototiller blades
nozzles for KPAM
KPAM Application
Application of Bromide, MIDAS, and Chloropicrin
Bell Pepper Response to the Fumigant & Herbicide Systems.
1. Fumigants did not affect plant growth or cause visual injury.
2. Herbicides stunted pepper up to 20% at 30 DAP, no injury by 60 DAP.
3. Herbicides increased yields for all fruit size except jumbo with an increase in total yield by 38%.
Percent Late-Season Yellow and Purple Nutsedge Control by Herbicide Options. TyTy, GA.
Species -Herb + Herb
Yellow 56 c 80 a
Purple 35 d 62 b
*Values followed by the same letter are similar at P = 0.05
Sept 6, 2003
No Herbicide or Fumigant + Dual, Command, Devrinol
Fumigant - Herb + Herb
None 0 i 40 ef
Inline 14 hi 29 fg
T2 fb pic 24 gh 60 cd
Midas 57 d 77 b
T2 fb K-Pam 51 de 76 b
C35 fb pic 74 bc 83 ab
MeBr 75 b 92 a
Percent Nutsedge Control by Fumigant. TyTy, GA. Fall, 2003.*
*Data pooled over nutsedge species. 85 day after laying plastic. P = 0.05.
307Sept 6, 2003
No Fumigant, LDPE Plastic MeBr 400 lb, LDPE Plastic
Sept 6, 2003
MIDAS, LDPE PlasticMeBr 400 lb, LDPE Plastic
Sept 6, 2003
MeBr 400 lb, LDPE Plastic Telone II fb Pic, LDPE
Percent Increase in Total Fruit Weight Compared to the Control. Fall 2003
0
20
40
60
80
100
MB
T2 + KPA
M
T2 fb pic
MID
AS
Inline
None
C35 fb pic
89 a 75
ab
47 bc
56 b
21 cd
59 b
d
Data pooled over herbicide systems.
Methods: Objective 2
Treatment: Factorial
2 nutsedge species
2 herbicide systems
4 fumigant options
2 plastic options
Fumigant Options:
1. Telone II fb Pic
2. Telone C35 fb Pic
3. Inline – two drip lines
4. None
1. LDPE
2. VIF
Plastic Options:
Fumigant LDPE VIF
None 20 d 54 b
Inline 36 c 49 bc
C35 fb pic 84 a 88 a
T2 fb pic 42 b 84 a
MeBr 84 a
Percent Late-Season Nutsedge Control by Fumigant. TyTy, GA. Fall, 2003.*
*Data pooled over herbicide option. 85 day after laying plastic. P = 0.05.
Telone II fb Pic, LDPE Plastic
July 26, 2003
Telone II fb Pic, VIF Plastic
303Sept 6, 2003
Telone II fb Pic, LDPE Plastic Telone II fb Pic, VIF Plastic
Conclusions
1. Yellow nutsedge was controlled more effectively by fumigants.
2. Herbicide system improved nutsedge control 24 to 27%. Increased yield 38%.
3. Comparing fumigants: C35 fb pic was as effective as MB for nutsedge
control but not for yield.
Conclusions
4. Comparing fumigants and herbicides: MIDAS, T2 fb KPAM, or C35 plus herbicide system were as effective as MB for controlling nutsedge (only T2 fb K-Pam equaled MB for yield)
5. VIF improved control of all fumigant options providing less than 84% control by 16 to 42%.
LOT TO DO!!!!
Thanks to:Hendrix and DaleDow AgroScience
ArvestaAmVac
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