Medical LanguageMedical LanguageImmerse YourselfImmerse Yourself
CHAPTER
THIRD EDITION
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Male Reproductive Medicine
12
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
1. Identify the structures of the male genitourinary system.
2. Describe the processes of spermatogenesis and ejaculation.
3. Describe common male genitourinary diseases, laboratory and diagnostic procedures, medical and surgical procedures, and drug categories.
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
4. Give the medical meaning of word parts and abbreviations related to the male genitourinary system.
5. Build male genitourinary words from word parts and divide and define male genitourinary words.
6. Spell and pronounce male genitourinary words.
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
7. Analyze the medical content and meaning of a male reproductive medicine report.
8. Dive deeper into male reproductive medicine by reviewing the activities at the end of this chapter and online at www.MyMedicalTerminologyLab.com.
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Multimedia DirectoryMultimedia Directory
Slide 8 Male Reproductive System AnimationSlide 39 Erectile Dysfunction VideoSlide 44 Herpes VideoSlide 45 Gonorrhea VideoSlide 54 Circumcision VideoSlide 58 Vasectomy VideoSlide 61 Medical Technology VideoSlide 62 Medical Technology Career Opportunities
VideoSlide 63 Medical Technology Professional
Organizations Video
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Male Reproductive MedicineMale Reproductive Medicine
• The medical specialty that studies the anatomy and physiology of the male genitourinary system and uses diagnostic tests, medical and surgical procedures, and drugs to treat male reproductive diseases
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Figure 12-1 Male genitourinary system.
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Male Reproductive System Male Reproductive System AnimationAnimation
Click on the screenshot to view an animation of the male reproductive system.The animation may require a few seconds before playing.
Back to Directory
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy and PhysiologyAnatomy and Physiology
• External Genitalia Scrotum Testes Epididymides Penis Urethra
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy and PhysiologyAnatomy and Physiology
• Internal Genitalia Vas deferens Seminal vesicles Ejaculatory ducts Prostate gland Bulbourethral glands
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy and PhysiologyAnatomy and Physiology
• The male genitourinary system shares the urethra with the urinary system and is also known as the urogenital system.
• Purpose is to secrete the male hormones, develop male secondary sexual characteristics, produce spermatozoa, and release spermatozoa.
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Scrotum Soft pouch of skin behind the penis and
in front of the legs Few degrees cooler than the core body
temperature
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Scrotum Muscles in wall of the scrotum contract
or relax to move the scrotum closer to, or farther away from, the body to adjust to temperature changes.
Perineum is the area between the anus and the scrotum
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Figure 12-2 External and internal male genitalia.
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Testes The scrotum contains the testes or
testicles. Egg-shaped glands about 2 inches in
length Testes are the gonads, or sex glands. Function as part of the male
genitourinary system and the endocrine system
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Testes Contain the seminiferous tubules that
produce spermatozoa, or sperm Act as endocrine glands; secrete the
hormone testosterone
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Epididymis A long, tightly coiled tube (over 20 feet)
that is attached to the outer wall of each testis.
Within the epididymis, the head of each spermatozoon is given a cap-like layer of enzymes that helps it penetrate and fertilize the ovum of the female.
Destroys defective spermatozoa
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Figure 12-3 Structures of the testis and penis.
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Figure 12-4 Descent of the testes.
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Vas Deferens, Seminal Vesicles, and Ejaculatory Duct The vas deferens is a long tube that
receives spermatozoa from the epididymis.
Spermatozoa can be stored in the vas deferens for several months in an inactive state.
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Vas Deferens, Seminal Vesicles, and Ejaculatory Duct The vas deferens goes behind the
urinary bladder, where it merges with a seminal vesicle.
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Vas Deferens, Seminal Vesicles, and Ejaculatory Duct The seminal vesicles produce seminal
fluid, which makes up most of the volume of semen.
The ejaculatory duct is a large collecting duct that holds spermatozoa and seminal fluid.
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Vas Deferens, Seminal Vesicles, and Ejaculatory Duct The ejaculatory duct enters the prostate
gland, then joins the urethra within the prostate gland.
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Prostate Gland A donut-shaped gland at the base of the
bladder that produces prostatic fluid. Prostatic fluid contains an antibiotic
substance that kills bacteria and also contains acid phosphatase, an enzyme that breaks the deposit of semen apart and releases the spermatozoa in the woman’s vagina
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Bulbourethral Glands Small, bulblike glands about the size of
peas, located on either side of the urethra just below the prostate gland
Produce thick mucus that makes up some of the volume of the semen
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Bulbourethral Glands Mucus helps spermatozoa survive by
neutralizing the acidity of any urine remaining in the urethra at the time of ejaculation and neutralizing the normally acidic environment of the female vagina.
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Anatomy of the MaleAnatomy of the MaleGenitourinary SystemGenitourinary System
• Penis Functions as an organ of the male
genitourinary system and the urinary system.
In uncircumcised males, the urethral meatus is covered by the prepuce, or foreskin, of the penis.
Three columns of erectile tissue fill with blood during sexual arousal, causing the penis to become firm and erect
12-1
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Physiology of Spermatogenesis, Physiology of Spermatogenesis, Sexual Maturity, and EjaculationSexual Maturity, and Ejaculation
• Spermatogenesis At the onset of puberty, the anterior
pituitary gland in the brain begins to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) to stimulate the testes.
12-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Physiology of Spermatogenesis, Physiology of Spermatogenesis, Sexual Maturity, and EjaculationSexual Maturity, and Ejaculation
• Spermatogenesis FSH causes the seminiferous tubes to
enlarge and stimulates spermatocytes in the testes to begin dividing.
LH stimulates the interstitial cells to begin to secrete testosterone.
12-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Physiology of Spermatogenesis, Physiology of Spermatogenesis, Sexual Maturity, and EjaculationSexual Maturity, and Ejaculation
• Sexual Maturity Testosterone causes the male sexual
characteristics to develop:• Enlargement of the external genitalia• Development of large muscles• Deepening of the voice• Growth of body hair on the face, chest,
axillae, and genital area• Development of the sexual drive.
12-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Figure 12-5 Testosterone.
12-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Physiology of Spermatogenesis, Physiology of Spermatogenesis, Sexual Maturity, and EjaculationSexual Maturity, and Ejaculation
• Ejaculation Thoughts or sensations initiate sexual
arousal. Smooth muscle relaxes in the wall of
arteries in the penis, and vasodilation increases blood flow within the penis.
The corpora cavernosa and the corpus spongiosum distend with blood and produce an erection.
12-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Physiology of Spermatogenesis, Physiology of Spermatogenesis, Sexual Maturity, and EjaculationSexual Maturity, and Ejaculation
• Ejaculation Muscles at the base of the penis
contract. Spermatozoa mix with seminal fluid,
move into the urethra, and are mixed with mucus from the bulbourethral glands.
12-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Physiology of Spermatogenesis, Physiology of Spermatogenesis, Sexual Maturity, and EjaculationSexual Maturity, and Ejaculation
• Ejaculation A series of contractions cause semen to
be expelled from the penis through the urethral meatus in a process called ejaculation.
12-2
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
DiseasesDiseases
• Testis and Epididymis Cryptorchidism Epididymitis Infertility Oligospermia Orchitis Testicular cancer Varicocele
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Figure 12-6 Oligospermia.SPL/Custom Medical Stock Photo, Inc.
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
DiseasesDiseases
• Prostate Gland Benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) Cancer of the prostate gland Prostatitis
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
DiseasesDiseases
• Penis Balanitis Chordee Dyspareunia Erectile dysfunction (ED) Phimosis Premature ejaculation Priapism Sexually transmitted disease (STD)
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Erectile Dysfunction VideoErectile Dysfunction Video
Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of erectile dysfunction.
Back to Directory
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Table 12-1 Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Table 12-1 (continued) Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Table 12-1 (continued) Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STDs)
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Figure 12-7 Genital warts in a male and female.(left) Biophoto Associates/Photo Researchers, Inc.; (right) Biophoto Associates/Custom
Medical Stock Photo
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Herpes VideoHerpes Video
Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of herpes.
Back to Directory
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Gonorrhea VideoGonorrhea Video
Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of gonorrhea.
Back to Directory
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
DiseasesDiseases
• Male Breast Gynecomastia
12-3
mast/o-
-ia
gynec/o- = female; woman
= breast; mastoid process
= condition; state; thing
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Laboratory and Diagnostic Laboratory and Diagnostic ProceduresProcedures
• Blood Tests Acid phosphatase Hormone testing Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) Syphilis testing
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Laboratory and Diagnostic Laboratory and Diagnostic ProceduresProcedures
• Semen Tests Acid phosphatase DNA analysis Semen analysis
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Figure 12-8 Spermatozoa.John Walsh/Photo Researchers, Inc.
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Laboratory and Diagnostic Laboratory and Diagnostic ProceduresProcedures
• Radiologic Tests ProstaScint scan Ultrasonography
12-3
son/o-
-graphy
ultra- = beyond; higher
= sound
= process of recording
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Medical and Surgical ProceduresMedical and Surgical Procedures
• Medical Procedures Digital rectal examination (DRE) Newborn genital examination Testicular self-examination (TSE)
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Figure 12-9 Newborn scrotal examination.
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Medical and Surgical ProceduresMedical and Surgical Procedures
• Surgical Procedures Biopsy Circumcision Orchiectomy Orchiopexy Penile implant
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Circumcision VideoCircumcision Video
Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of circumcision.
Back to Directory
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Medical and Surgical ProceduresMedical and Surgical Procedures
• Surgical Procedures Prostatectomy Transurethral resection of the prostate
(TURP) Vasectomy
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Figure 12-10 Transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Figure 12-11 Laser for prostate surgery.K Glaser & Associates/Custom Medical Stock Photo, Inc.
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Vasectomy VideoVasectomy Video
Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of vasectomy.
Back to Directory
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Drug CategoriesDrug Categories
• These categories of drugs are used to treat male genitourinary diseases: Androgen drugs Antibiotic drugs Antiviral drugs, antiretroviral drugs Drugs for benign prostatic hypertrophy Drugs for erectile dysfunction
12-3
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
AbbreviationsAbbreviations
AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndromeBPH benign prostatic hypertrophyCDCP Centers for Disease Control and PreventionThe abbreviation for its older name—Centers forDiseaseControl (CDC)—is still used.DRE digital rectal examinationED erectile dysfunctionFSH follicle-stimulating hormoneGC gonococcus (Neisseria gonorrhoeae)GU genitourinaryHIV human immunodeficiency virusHoLAP holmium laser ablation of the prostateHPV human papillomavirusHSV herpes simplex virus
LH luteinizing hormonePAP prostatic acid phosphatasePSA prostate-specific antigenPVP photoselective vaporization of the prostateRPR rapid plasma reagin (test for syphilis)STD sexually transmitted diseaseTRUS transrectal ultrasoundTSE testicular self-examinationTUMT transurethral microwave therapyTUNA transurethral needle ablationTURP transurethral resection of the prostateVD venereal diseaseVDRL Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (test
for syphilis)
12-4
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Medical Technology VideoMedical Technology Video
Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of careers as a clinical laboratory scientist and blood bank supervisor.
Back to Directory
12-8
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Medical Technology Career Medical Technology Career Opportunities VideoOpportunities Video
Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of careers in medical technology.
Back to Directory
12-8
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Medical Technology and Medical Technology and Professional Organizations VideoProfessional Organizations Video
Click on the screenshot to view a video on the topic of professional organizations and medical technology.
Back to Directory
12-8
Medical Language, Third Edition Susan M. Turley
Copyright © 2014, 2011, 2007 by Pearson Education, Inc.All Rights Reserved
Combining Forms Match UpCombining Forms Match Up
1. andr/o-2. balan/o-3. crypt/o-4. orchi/o-5. semin/o-
a. testesb. glans penisc. spermd. malee. hidden
12-4