AnIntroduc+ontoClassicalArabic:LanguageandGrammarApplied
12/14/08
1
AnIntroductiontoClassicalArabicLesson4:Thedualandsoundplural
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
35
Recapandtodayslesson
Thefeminineending
Typesoffeminineword
Exercises
TodaysLesson
Declensionofnouns:Thethreecases
Preposi+onsinArabic
ExercisesandVocabulary
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
36
AnIntroduc+ontoClassicalArabic:LanguageandGrammarApplied
12/14/08
2
DeclensioninArabic
TherearethreecasesinArabic.Theseareindicatedbythechangingofthevowelofthefinalconsonantexceptinthecaseofthe:
DualandsoundMasculine
Whatwemeanbycasesisthatthevowelofthefinalconsonantofnounsandverbscanchangebasedongramma+calposi+oningandthiscanchangeinthreeways.
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
37
Revisitingthenominalsentence
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
38
Predicate Subject
Arrajuluhdirun
TheManispresent
Thisisthesubjectofthesentence,i.e.Thepersonbeingdiscussed
Thisisthepredicateofthesentence,i.e.Thenewsorinforma+onregardingthesubject
DefiniteIndefinite
Vowelending
Vowelending
AnIntroduc+ontoClassicalArabic:LanguageandGrammarApplied
12/14/08
3
Thereare3casesorvowelendinginArabic.
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
39
(1)Nomina+ve
Inarabicthisiscalled(raf)
(2)Accusa+ve
Inarabicthisiscalled(nasb)
(3)Geni+ve
Inarabicthisiscalled(jar)
Recognisingcases
Raf
Theoriginalsignrepresen+ngrafistheDhamma
Nasb
Theoriginalsignrepresen+ngnasbistheFatha
Jar
Theoriginalsignrepresen+ngjaristhekasra
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
40
Casesarerecognisedbysigns.Thesesignsarethevowelendings.Generallythecaseisrepresentedbyashortvowelasshownbelow,wecallthistheoriginalsign
AnIntroduc+ontoClassicalArabic:LanguageandGrammarApplied
12/14/08
4
Recognisingcases
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
41
Raf
Oneofthesecondarysignsrepresen+ngrafisthewworalif
Nasb
Oneofthesecondarysignsrepresen+ngnasbisthey
Jar
Oneofthesecondarysignsrepresen+ngjaristhey
Some+mesthecaseisrepresentedbyalongvowelasshownbelow,wecallthesesecondarysigns,thisoccursonlyonspecificword.(secondarysignsarerestrictedtowhatismen+onedbelow)
Recognisingcases
Belowarebasicexampleofchange
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
42
Raf
Nasb
Jar
AnIntroduc+ontoClassicalArabic:LanguageandGrammarApplied
12/14/08
5
Workingwithcases
TheArabscalldeclension Howdoweknowwhenawordisnomina5ve,accusa5ve
orgeni5ve
Casesarerecognisedbasedontheposi+onofawordinasentence,sodependingonwherethewordisposi+oned(gramma+cally)thecasewillchange.
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
43
Basicrules
Somebasicrulesonemustknow: Subjectsandpredicatesarealwaysnomina5ve
TOBECOVEREDINLATERLESSONS Objectsarealwaysaccusa5ve Wordsthatfollowapreposi+onarealwaysgeni5ve
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
44
AnIntroduc+ontoClassicalArabic:LanguageandGrammarApplied
12/14/08
6
TheDual
TherearethreenumbersintheArabicLanguage Singular Dual Plural
Thedualendingis forthenomina5vecase
And fortheaccusa5veandgeni5vecase(tobecoverednextweek)
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
45
...
...
Examples
Twobooks Twoapples TwoDeserts
Twoeyes
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
46
AnIntroduc+ontoClassicalArabic:LanguageandGrammarApplied
12/14/08
7
Dualsandadjectives
Adjec5vesagreeinnumberwithnounstheyqualofyandinthedualtheyhavethesameending.
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
47
Twoopenbooks Twotastyapples
Twobigeyes
Dualsandsentences
Similarlythesubjectandpredicatewillhavethesameending.
2008,FaizanalRasoolEduca5onIns5tute
48
Theci+esaregreat
Thetwoteachersareold
Top Related