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SOLAR THERMAL ELECTRIC PLANTS (STE)
MARKETS DEPLOYMENTDr. Luis Crespo
Secretary-General of PROTERMOSOLAR
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Content
1. A brief history of Solar Thermal Electric Power Plants
2. The recent boom in Spain and future perspectives
3. The emerging markets(USA, MENA, India, China, Australia, )
4. The DESERTEC concept and the Mediterranean Solar Plan
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Content
1. A brief history of Solar Thermal Electric Power Plants
2. The recent boom in Spain and future perspectives
3. The emerging markets(USA, MENA, India, China, Australia, )
4. The DESERTEC concept and the Mediterranean Solar Plan
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Some historical examples of the useof solar concentrating technologies
200 a.C. Siracuse siege
1914: First solar industrial parabolic trough collector
power plant in Shuman in Meadi, near Cairo(5 rows of 62 m each with a 120 HP steam turbine)
1500: 4 mile linear fresnel reflector projectfor a cloth deying industry steam plant
1861: Agustin Mouchot solar motorin the Universal Expo in Paris
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The pilot projects at the early 80s
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What are the main desirable
characteristics of an electrical system?
Sustainable
Security of supply
No unpredictable impactson the economy
Risk free
Affordable
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Renewable Energies are the answer
The only open points would be:
To what extent? (100?)
When?
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Although other R.E. technologies might appear cheaper in the shortterm, their fluent character hide important negative effects on thesystem costs, transmission requirements and fossil back up needs
High potential, storage and hybridization features and room forcost reduction, make essential the role for STE in the futureGeneration Mix in countries with enough solar resource
The essential role of STEin the Electricity Generation Mix
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Content
1. A brief history of Solar Thermal Electric Power Plants
2. The recent boom in Spain and future perspectives
3. The emerging markets(USA, MENA, India, China, Australia, )
4. The DESERTEC concept and the Mediterranean Solar Plan
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ELEMENTS:
Continuous support to R&TD since late 70s
Specialized and highly qualified educationin several Spanish Universities
Active role of Research Centers
International collaboration
Feed in tariff system
Dynamism of the companies
RESULT: INTERNACIONAL LEADERSHIP
Solar Thermal Electric Technology in Spain:A success story of public support to R&TD
First Spanish heliostat (1977)
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In operation (12)Under construction (22)
Malaga
Badajoz
Seville
Almeria
Alicante
Ciudad Real
Granada
Updated info: www.protermosolar.com
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ANDASOL 1andANDASOL 2
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CTS Puertollano
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Villarrobledo
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Lebrija 1
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GEMASOLAR, Fuentes de Andaluca
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Breakdown of the operative, underconstruction and registered plants in Spain
Total: 2423 MW (In operation by the end of 2013)
94%
Parabolic trough
1% Fresnel2% Tower 3% Stirling
WithStorage
WithoutStorage~
62 %
38 %
Relative to power installed
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2010 2011 2012 20142013 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
1000 -
4000 -
3000 -
2000 -
7000 -
6000 -
5000 -
8000 -
9000 -
10000
-
850
1850
1350
2340
MW
7.000
10.000
F I F II F III F IV
Forecast for STE plants in Spain
?
?
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THE REGULATORY CHANGES AND TRIALS IN THE LAST MONTHS
R.D.L 6/2009 (May 2009)- Selection of the plants eligible for the current tariff system (R.D. 661/2007)
- Criteria : Permits, financing, component acquisition, . ready by beginning of May
- 4.500 MW applied 2400 MW registered
- Limitation in connection dates: Phases I, II, III, IV (1st January 2011-13) even for
starting up purposes
- 36 months for completion. Dec-2012 for phases I, II and III and Dec-2014 for ph. IV
SOCIMI Law passed in the Senate but rejected in the Congress (October 2009)
- Intention to limit to 500 MW the total STE power eligible for the current tariff system
Announcement of changes in the current system (May 2010)
- Open possibility to reduce the premiums according to art. 44.3 of the R.D. 661?
- Proposals from the Ministry to restrict the number of operation of STE plants to2500 h/year
- Reduction of 10% on the current premium
An agreement was reached in July but it is not still officially published
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WHAT IS NEXT?
The agreement applies to the registered plants only
A new R.D. must be negotiated to cover theSTE deployment untill 2020. Criteria on
technological priorities must be
established
PANER:
National Action Plan in R.E.
Send to EU in June the 30th
The new Renewable Energy Plan (PER ) 2010-20
will be published by the end of the year.
We will do our best to increasing the share of STE
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STE applications for grid access:15.561 MW (Oct-2009)
This is really atrue pipeline
of projects
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Content
1. A brief history of Solar Thermal Electric Power Plants
2. The recent boom in Spain and future perspectives
3. The emerging markets(USA, MENA, India, China, Australia, )
4. The DESERTEC concept and the Mediterranean Solar Plan
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Member States 2020 Objectives
Articles 6, 7 & 8 of the RES Directive(Flexibility mechanisms)
Spain is prepared to helpother M.S. with joint STE Plants
Article 9 refers to the importationfrom third countries (MENA / MSP)
EU RES Directive Oportunities
O OO O
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Forecast in European countries by 2020 (NAPs)
Spain
5079 MW
France
540 MW
Portugal
500 MW
Greece
250 MW
Italy600 MW
Cyprus 75 MW
P R O T E R M OP R O T E R M O
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OPERATIONAL PLANTS IN USA
SEGS Plants (Total 354 MW)Kramer Junction / Harper Lake, California
Nevada Solar One 64 MW
Boulder City, Nevada
Red Rock 1 MWArizona
Kimberlina 5 MWBakersfild, California
Sierra Sun Tower 5 MWLancaster, California
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PROSPECTS FOR THE USA
Increased awareness in Utilities, Policy Makers and Investors
Tax credits have been extended till 2017
Additional support (Stimulus Bill, Treasury Grants - 30% if starting in2010 - and Loan Guaranties - $6B -, Renewable Portfolio
Standard)
Many PPAs signed (8.000 MW) with the SW Utilities
None has started the construction yet. This is mainly due tofinancial issues and to the complex and lengthy process at Stateand Federal levels
The number of projects on tower and trough concepts are even
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Pipeline of STE projects in the USA
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Example of the projectsto be launched shortly in the USA
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150 MW ISCC at Hassi RMel
470 MW ISCC at Ain Beni Mathar
146 MW ISCC at Kuraymat
100 MW in Abu Dhabi
First Projects in the MENA Region
Several countries have announced ambitious plans that could befinanced under the PSM schemes + concessional WB loans ($750M)
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Morocco: 2 000 MW by 2020
Algeria: 4 ISCCs similar to Hassi RMelTunesia: 225 MW by 2016Libya: 1 000 MW renewables by 2015Egypt: 20% renewables by 2020Sudan: 2 000 MW announced
Syria: CSP under investigationIsrael: 1 000 MW by 2015Jordan: 300-600 MW by 2020Saudi Arabia: CSP under investigation
Iran: RFP issued for 1st ISCC, 17MW solar share
Kuwait: CSP under considerationUAE: 1 000 MW by 2020Oman: 100 MW IPP, bidding start end of 2010Jemen: CSP under consideration
Announced Plans in the MENA Region
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PROSPECTS IN OTHER REGIONSINDIA
There is a tremendous need for additional power. Ambitious solarmission is being planned (1.100 MW by 2013 and 20 GW by 2022, ) butthe breakdown between PV and STE has not been yet established
First ideas for feed in tariffs have been announced at federal and statelevels (Gujarat, Andhra, Rajasthan, ) The rated power for the firstprojects is not known yet.
CHINA
Plans for 300 MW in 2015 with own technology International references might accelerate their plans
AUSTRALIA
Aim 25% of solar power by 2050 Clean Energy Initiative / Solar Flagships Program
- 1000 MW solar power- First call for 400 MW (PV + CSP) Promoters shortlisted- Funding through taxable grant payments (30%) + state aids
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Excellent Good Suitable Non suitable
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P R O T E R M OP R O T E R M O
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P R O T E R M OP R O T E R M O
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FORECAST BY COUNTRIES 2009-2014
The longand dark
solar thermalelectric
night
SOURCE: Global Concentrated Solar Power Markets and Strategies: 2010-2025, IHS Emerging Energy Research, April 2010
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Content
1. A brief history of Solar Thermal Electric Power Plants
2. The recent boom in Spain and future perspectives
3. The emerging markets(USA, MENA, India, China, Australia, )
4. The DESERTEC concept and the Mediterranean Solar Plan
P R O T E R M OP R O T E R M O
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3000 km
90 % of the worldelectricity consumptioncan be supplied from STEplants. The total surfacewould be 300x300 km2distributed among 10.000sites in the desert areas ofthe earth.
Transmission using HVDClines at 3000 km distance
will have losses < 10%
THE DESERTEC CONCEPT
EU25
The little square shows the required area in the Saharadesert to supply all the European electricity needs
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Trying to make it happens
Mediterranean Solar Plan (UfM)
Paving the way (EU)
Desertec Industrial Initiative
TransGreen Industrial Initiative
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Some final reflections on Technology and Cost
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STE ROADMAP
Different technologies: different performances and potential
Parabolic dishes wit Stirling motors
Parabolic Trough
Fresnel linear reflectors
Central Receiver Systems
Working fluids:- Temperature- Efficiency- Storage
System designs- Cycles- Cooling- Hybridization- Land
LCOE
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COST REDUCTION IS THE MAIN ISSUE
Fuente ESTELA / ATKearney
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SinergyIndustry - R&D
Regionaldevelopment
CompetiveDispatchable
HighPotential
P R O T E R M OP R O T E R M O
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S L A RS L A R
Thank you for your attention!
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