KOLKATA(ENGLISH COLONIAL ARCHITECTURE)
SONAKSHI BHATTACHARJEE(114AR0024)MITHILESH MANDAL (114AR0006)SUCHETANA CHAKRAVARTY(114AR0025)
TIMELINE
WRIGHTER’S BUILDINGPLACE –KOLKATA
(1777-1906)Designed by THOMAS LYON
ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT
CONSTRUCTION PHASESFIRST PHASE(1777-1778)
SECOND PHASE(1820-1821)
• Designed as barracks to provide accommodation to the john company's ‘writers’.
• A three storied structure .
• A long veranda being added on the south front and two small pediments on columns by lord wellesley.
• And a better ornamented façade (by capt. George lindsay).
ROTUNDA GEORGIAN ROOFS
DORIC PEDIMENTED ENTRANCES
MINERVA STATUES
IONIC COLUMNS
ITALIAN GRECIAN FONTAGE
NEOCLASSICALARCHITECTURE
THIRD PHASE- complete re-modelling of the front façade
by E.J. Martin(1877-1905)
PLAN AND ELEVATION
ENGLAND IN 1700S• 1729 – East India House,
Leadenhall St., London• STYLE- Neoclassical
• 1734- Bank of England , Threadneedle street, London
• STYLE- Neoclassical
THEN…
NOW…
RAJ BHAVAN
RAJ BHAVAN(GOVERNMENT HOUSE)
1799-1803
Ar. Charles Wyatt
Kolkata
NEO CLASSICAL & BAROQUE
RAJ BHAVAN KEDLESTON HALL
IMITATIONHISTORICISM
RAJ BHAVAN KEDLESTON HALL
IONICCOLUMN
Full height portico
Elliptical fanlight
Symmetrically placed windows
Front Gable Roof
Front Façade with columns and corner pilasters
Greek RevivalClassical Revival
BROADCORNICE
NEOCLASSICAL
Curved Lines
Curved Arches
DomesBAROQUE
Drawing RoomMarble FloorPlain Walls
Dining HallTuscan ColumnsCloistered Room
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Steel Dome installed in1860s by the Viceroy Lord Elgin. Lord Curzon brought electricity and lift ( Bird Cage Lift ).
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Drawing and dining rooms.Yellow Drawing Room: first floor , has wonderful paintings.Blue Drawing Room: Elegantly furnished room used by the governor to meet guest.Brown Dining Room: Adjacent to the Blue Dining room, it is used for small conferences and meetings.Halls and banquet roomsThrone Room: The Throne Room, as the name suggests, contains the throne of Wellesley. It also contains an Urn used to carry Mahatma Gandhi's ashes.Council Chamber.The Marble Hall : Located on the ground floor of the Raj Bhavan, this is used for state and private meetings.The Banquet Hall : The Banquet Hall with rows of Doric pillars on each side, flowering chandeliers and black Mahogany tables has entertained eminent guests like Queen Elizabeth.
INDIAN MUSEUM
INDIAN MUSEUM1875
by WALTER L. B. GRANVILLE
KOLKATA
“an Italianate palace ... around a colonnaded courtyard” ~ Jan Morris
SOCIO-CULTURAL
• Beginning of a significant epoch initiating the socio-cultural and scientific achievements of the country.
•Beginning of modernity and end of medieval era
NEO CLASSICAL
HISTORICISM
ORNAMENTATION
Doric columns fused with arch opening
Colonnaded corridor
Large arched openings
SOUTHERNVERANDA
VERANDAEASTERN
Cornice on wallsfor decoration
Roof supported by arches
GROUND
FLOOR
LOBBY
Tuscan Columns
ARCHEO--LOGYGALLERY
ZOOLO--GICALGALLERY
EXTERIOR
Louvered Shutters
Doric Columns
St.pauls cathedral (1839)
St Paul's Cathedral in the very early twentieth century
St Paul's Cathedral as it is today.
History: • 8 October 1839• architect William Nairn Forbes• Gothic revival style• Stucco ornamentation
pinnacle
Rose window
Lancet window
tower
finial
Pointed archarchivolt tracery
Gothic revival features:
Interior • Very low nave• Hall without any aisles on its flanks• Plastic art forms and memorabilia• Barrel vault roof • Stained glass
General post office(1864)
History:• Designed in 1864• Walter B. Grenville (1819-1874)• located in the site of Fort William
Features:• 220 feet high domed roof• Ionic-Corinthian pillars• supported by octagonal base• Neo classical architecture• Mannerist columns
VICTORIA MEMORIAL
PLACE –KOLKATA(1906-1921)
Designed by WILLIAM EMERSON
PLAN
STYLE• Indo Saracenic Revival Architecture - Architectural style movement by British architects in the late 19th century in British India. It drew elements from native Indo-Islamic and Indian architecture, and combined it with the Gothic revival and neo-classical styles favoured in Victorian Britain.
FEATURES
• onion (bulbous) domes
• overhanging eaves• pointed arches,
cusped arches, or scalloped arches
• Colonnaded area on both sides
• Domed kiosks and many miniature domes• domed chhatris• pinnacles• towers or minarets• Use of Makrana marble
ITALIAN STATUES BRONZE STATUE OF QUEEN VICTORIA
ANGEL OVER THE DOME
WINDOW DETAILS
INTERIOR SIDE OF DOME HAREM WINDOWS
GARDEN• Total area of 64 acre with the building covering an area of 338sq.Ft by 228
sq.Ft.• On way to the north gate is a bronze statue of Queen Victoria by Sir
George Frampton.The Queen is seated on her throne, wearing the robes of the Star of India.
• Approaching the building from the south, visitors pass the King Edward VII memorial arch with a bronze equestrian statue of the King by Sir Bertram Mackennal surmounting it and a marble statue of Lord Curzon by F.W. Pomeroy, R.A.
• There are also other statues of various dignitaries like Lord Bentinck, Governor- General of India (1828-1835), Lord Ripon (Governor- General of India from 1880 to 1884; the statue of Sir Rajendranath Mookerjee, the pioneer industrialist of Bengal is on the eastern side.
BIRD’S EYE VIEW
BELFAST CITY HALL
STYLE – BAROQUE REVIVAL
WHY?• Sense of “rightful self-glorification”, which came to appeal to
the aesthetic sensibilities of continental Europeans and Americans, whose architects came to astutely incorporate telling indigenous “Asian exoticism" elements, whilst implementing their own engineering innovations supporting such elaborate construction, both in India and abroad, evidence for which can be found to this day in public, private and government owned buildings. • Public and government buildings were often rendered on an
intentionally grand scale, reflecting and promoting a notion of an unassailable and invincible British empire.
EMERGING ART DECO STRUCTURES
Elite Cinema Hall
Chaplin Cinema
Tower House
Metro Cinema
REFERENCES• http://rajbhavankolkata.gov.in/html/interior_new.htm• http://study.com/academy/lesson/baroque-architecture-style-characteristics-features.html• http://www.slideshare.net/maggiesalgado/baroque-p-pt• http://www.slideshare.net/raashi77/neoclassical-architecture-late-victorian-era-and-gothic-revival• https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Government_House_-_
Kolkata_2011-12-18_0188.JPG• https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/Kedleston_Hall_20080730-04.jpg• http://indianmuseumtt.org/Plan%20Your%20Visit.php• http://www.indianmuseumkolkata.org/Architecture%20through%20the%20Ages.php• https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Western_Corridor_-_Ground_Floor_-_Indian_Museum_-_
Kolkata_2014-04-04_4342.JPG• http://indiaheritagehub.org/2013/12/31/indian-museum-kolkata/
‘…Not only The handsomest town in Asia but one of the finest in the world.”L. de Grandpré, French visitor in A Voyage in the Indian Ocean and to Bengal, 1803.
THANKS
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